Chapter 855: Three Major Crops
Food security is always the most important issue, and it may still be vaguely felt in the feudal dynasty, and even more so in the Dinghai Navy.
Almost all of these people in the Food Research Institute are talented, they can join the Food Research Institute, they are already stronger than many people in terms of individuals, as for their origins, they are varied, among them, there are many of them, who came out of the most desperate environment.
The time for the establishment of the Dinghai Navy has not been more than 10 years, and many people have not forgotten why they arrived at the Dinghai Navy.
The first batch of personnel of the Dinghai Navy were the poor coastal fishermen recruited by the Dinghai Navy, the victims of the Lianghuai disaster, and some of the relatives of the Xiang Army.
In order to survive, they chose to live in the Dinghai Navy, and if they still choose to farm in the Dinghai Navy, they will know that the grain yield per mu of the Dinghai Navy is terrible.
In daily life, the yield of 2-3 stones, has made some experienced old farmers, very gratified, this is God's care, the yield of good years, 4 stones, almost only in the best paddy fields, and take care of well, after careful cultivation can be.
But in the Dinghai Navy, 4 stone is just an ordinary, 5-6 stone often appears, this is already the limit, compared to ordinary people, growing food, double the income, such a benefit, quite terrible, but now, the number of 8 stone is here, directly breaking through the income of intensive cultivation of high-grade paddy fields, this is very terrible. If Zhao Xin told them that this was not the limit, the limit of corn should be about 1,500 catties, which is nearly double the current number of 8 stones, they would not believe it.
The examples before us all prove that this is reality, an indisputable reality, and now, the number of people who know this reality has expanded.
When the land is increased to 2 million mu, in the future, even according to the output of 8 stones, the total output will exceed 16 million stones, if it is to feed people, these grains, enough to feed more than 5 million, this is a very large output.
The most important thing is that 2 million mu may not be very large in the area of the entire Dinghai Navy, but when the output reaches 16 million stones, if it is calculated according to 7 catties per mu, the planting area is more than 300 million mu, this number is too terrible.
There was only a lot of land in the Northern Song Dynasty, 800 million mu, and the territory currently occupied by the Dinghai Navy was much larger than that of the Northern Song Dynasty, but compared to the area of cultivated land, it was somewhat inferior.
Originally, the territory of the Liao State was either in the grassland or desert, or in some high-latitude areas, if there was no tradition of planting, it was somewhat difficult to develop arable land.
Of course, these difficulties are nothing to the Ding Navy, after taking the land of the entire Liao State, an inventory was carried out, in addition to the original land for growing grain, a certain amount of planning was also carried out to reclaim more land.
The three northeastern provinces should be 3-350 million, Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia add up to 150 million, plus the original northeast land outside China, North Korea, Japan, and some islands.
However, the difficulty of development is somewhat large, and Zhao Xin is not possible to destroy forests on a large scale to open up fields, most of them are some orderly development, after a few years, the Northeast and Inner Mongolia are the most mature development, with a total cultivated land area of about 270 million mu, Japan and North Korea, or the original planting area, there is no large-scale expansion.
If all of this land is used to grow corn, it is necessary, but the grain produced is also down, and there are many processing methods, and those corn stalks will not work.
An acre of land produces more than 3 tons of straw, which is a very large number, although it is said that after the corn straw is stored, it is very beneficial for animal husbandry, but for ordinary farmers, there is no need for this.
For a single farmer or a small farm, they don't have so much energy, and it is a nightmare to start with multiple aspects.
Later generations of farmers who planted corn, don't they know that after the corn plants are stored and turned into fodder, they know that as long as they become fodder, they can turn waste into treasure, which can add a lot of added value, and if they breed some animals, such as pigs, cows, and sheep, they will have a higher value and can obtain high value-added things.
However, there is a limit to the labor force of ordinary peasant households, according to the situation of the Dinghai Navy, most of the manpower is invested in industry, and the manpower that can be used in agriculture is limited, generally speaking, a person often cultivates 50 acres or even 100 acres of land.
The use of machinery and equipment can allow a person to cultivate more land, but if you add green straw, it will increase this labor force several times, which is almost an impossible task without more labor.
Just 3 tons of straw, collected and transferred, will consume a huge amount of labor, not to mention the green reserve, the labor required is more, under the premise of 50 acres for a person, this is a nightmare.
Straw can not be wasted, perhaps in the future, after the first batch of corn is planted, in the future, the planting area, when the expansion of 100 times, the output of straw, can not be fully utilized, will be treated, but at present, only 2 million acres of land, it can definitely be fully utilized.
Dingjun has studied a certain method of making feed, and will carry out a series of arrangements according to the distribution of experimental fields, mainly divided into feed bases of different sizes.
The largest, of course, is a professional feed mill, they will treat the corn stalk among the most essential parts, and then add to make the real feed of the city, this part can be supplied to the breeding base, as for the small, it belongs to the basic coverage, they are mainly based on the green storage, auxiliary part of the feed processing capacity, they are in addition to the feed itself, but also a breeding base, large-scale intensive breeding, in order to ensure the use of green storage feed.
When thousands of experts, distributed on many corn growing lands, impart knowledge to these farmers, these farmers are full of disbelief.
They will not believe that there will be such food, their knowledge structure, compared to these experts, is far inferior, but their experience in growing grain is higher than that of experts, you know, they have been a good hand in the banker before, so they have been farming since they came to Dinghai.
Although it is said that after arriving in Dingjun, they have gained a lot of knowledge, from the original maximum of 3.4 stones, to 5,6 stones, which has increased a lot, but this is already the limit, even if they use a lot of methods, it is only a slight improvement, and it is impossible to improve on a large scale.
Now, telling them to give a new crop, a weird-looking crop, can increase their current average yield by 50 percent, and most importantly, this is not the limit, this is only the initial level.
For these farmers, it is difficult to change the perception that has been formed, and the experts are well aware of this, so they brought evidence.
It turned out that the plants in the experimental field could not be seen by everyone, but the mature plants could still be brought over.
One seed can harvest one corn, which is the vast majority of cases, and there are special ones, there will be two, or even three.
When it comes to Dingjun, even the farmers at the bottom, they all know how to calculate, although the corn plant is very large, but on the land, the position occupied is not large, if it is calculated according to this plant, it is really possible to obtain such a high yield.
These farmers, their talent in planting, sometimes not inferior to these experts, just know how to do it, can't say the reason, after having a set of planting methods, they quickly became familiar with the planting of corn.
Zhao Xin has always been very concerned about all the arrangements of corn, this matter, also as a point, reported up, when he knew that these growers, questioned the yield of corn, he couldn't help laughing, where is this, if among the three major crops in South America, the most comprehensive effect is corn, his more efficacy, is shown in breeding, all aspects of corn plants, used as feed, is natural, but in terms of food itself, his output is not large.
The other two of the three major crops, sweet potatoes and potatoes, they are not high in the effect of feed, more grain, they are natural, different from other fruit plants, sweet potatoes and potatoes, themselves are root tubes, this kind of plants, can grow bigger, produce more.
An acre of sweet potatoes, on average in 5,000 catties, intensive cultivation, or good varieties, can even reach tens of thousands of catties, in later generations, more than 10,000 catties has been common.
Under the premise that thousands of catties are already very terrible, it has increased to 10,000 catties, which is converted into data that the Song Dynasty can understand, that is, 100 stones, what is the concept.
Not to mention that those farmers don't believe it, even those experts in the research institute will not believe it before they see the real thing, corn on the original basis, an increase of 50%, is already very high, the average yield of sweet potatoes, simply 8 times, the limit is 20 times, this is no longer a miracle, it is a fright.
Sweet potatoes have such a high yield, it can be said that at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, it was the emergence of sweet potatoes, from trying to plant to large-scale planting, which increased the number of people.
The three major crops in the Americas, they all have such and such problems, most of which are not suitable for the stomach of the Chinese.
Corn, sweet potatoes and potatoes, even in the 21st century, are called healthy foods, but if you eat them for a long time, it is easy to get some gastrointestinal diseases.
There is no way, they have more crude fiber in them, even if they are refined, which will increase the burden on the stomach and intestines, causing gastroenteritis-like symptoms.
In the middle, especially the sweet potato with the largest yield, this in later generations, is called healthy, known as anti-cancer food, in fact, the damage to the stomach is huge, if you eat a large amount of sweet potatoes for a long time, there will be gastrointestinal problems, inflammation, and disease.
At this point, if you put it in the famine years, it's no problem, you can't even eat, in order to survive, you can do anything,
But in the era of peace, it will not work, this is also the future, in later generations, why wheat and rice are the world's first and second largest food crops, corn is only ranked third, and potatoes and sweet potatoes with greater yields are ranked lower, it is because the universality of these objects is not strong, long-term eating, easy to get all kinds of diseases, to a certain extent, they are as coarse grains, as a supplement of the same existence, in the later generations, are not dominant, they are just some necessary supplements.
Sweet potatoes and potatoes have not been reached, and even to a certain extent, as far as Zhao Xin knows, sweet potatoes and potatoes are far from ripe in this era.
Corn, as the biggest discovery of the Indians, the planting time is also very long, as the main food of the Indians, there are thousands of years of planting history, in a long time, through the selection of generations, survival of the fittest, the formation of the present, perfect corn.
But sweet potatoes are not the same as potatoes, especially the latter, at this moment, or in the mountains of South America, he has not changed, has not become a potato in later generations, whether it is yield, or nutritional value, there is a big difference, just a foundation.
However, if you get it, you will quickly find out their true effect if you determine the level of science and technology and agricultural cultivation of the navy, and when the time comes, if you plant it extensively, it will definitely have very good results.
It is a pity that these two grains, one in Central America and the other in South America, now, the fleet of the Dinghai Navy has established itself in the Americas, built at least 10 ports, the most, has arrived at the location of San Francisco in the later generations, but unfortunately, there is still a relatively long distance from Central America and South America.
The process of obtaining corn proves that it is not easy to obtain any crop, and it is not possible to obtain it when the ship arrives, it must be done step by step, steadily, and under a certain shipping maximum, most of the places can be developed, and these things can be found.
。 m.