Riding the scroll Jiangshan Comments: Xianbei's Murong surname meaning research

Hello everyone, I'm riding the country

What I want to talk about today is the meaning of Murong Xianbei's surname, which is the well-known Murong family!

As one of the three major tribes of Xianbei, the Murong clan has established:

Qianyan (337-370)

Xiyan (383-394)

Later Yan (384-407)

Nanyan (398-410)

Northern Yan (407-436)

As you can see, the Murong clan is an important force in Chinese history, and the historical data about them is also complex and confusing, and if we want to understand them, it is necessary to discuss their origins first.

But in fact, Murong is not as simple as an ordinary surname, because in an even more ancient era, this name has the same historical significance that cannot be underestimated!

So how many theories are there about the origin of the surname Murong?

One. The record of the Book of Jin is a group of Xianbei people, their leader Mo Hubao after entering the western Liaoning region, saw that the local residents like and popular to wear a step shake crown, he also immediately liked it, and then abandoned the traditional hairstyle of the Xianbei people, wearing a step shake crown, and therefore the tribe he led was ridiculed as "step shake", and the descendants did not understand its meaning, because the pronunciation was the same at that time, so it was falsely rumored to be "Murong", and Mo Huba's tribe will be wrong, and Murong will be wrong, and Murong will be used as the title of the tribe! Ordinary gold step shake

The flowers and trees are like golden steps

The flowers are cranny

These were found in the tomb of Feng Sufu of Beiyan in Xiguanyingzi, Beipiao City, Liaoning Province.

As you can see, the step shake is indeed very beautiful, especially the flower tree-like one, this design is really good, of course, there are many styles of the step shake found in archaeology, I will not give examples here.

It seems that there is indeed an answer at this point, because from the perspective of Westerners, with the physical evidence of archaeology, that is, with evidence, it is fine, but is this really the case?

I don't think so, because if the northern Han nationality or other northern ethnic groups were really popular at that time, it would be impossible for the Murong Department to come into contact with this kind of step shaking crown until it entered the western Liaoning region, because under trade exchanges, the flow of good goods is very fast, and Buyao, as a jewelry, is not contraband, and will not be subject to any restrictions.

And the birthplace of this kind of step-shaking crown is also under archaeological proof, but its birthplace is West and Central Asia! It was only later that it was introduced to China, so if you really want to say why the local residents are popular with the step shake crown, it is better to say that it is because the Murong tribe that moved east spread this step shake crown from west to east.

So has anyone ever questioned the truth of Bu Shaoyi's statement in history? Yes, and many, I point out one of them, and everyone looks at it:

Hu Sanxing's "Tongjian" on the content of the (Jin Jiwu Emperor Taikang 2nd year, Murong Ministry) mentioned in the commentary: Yu said that the Bu Shao theory is absurd, and the Murong clan has China, and his courtiers have resigned it. ”

That is to say, Hu Sanxing's statement that Bu Shao is ridiculous and not credible! Who is Hu Sanxing, you can Baidu it, I won't be verbose.

Then, please note that I have mentioned a key word that spreads from west to east, and my meaning is very clear, we have always thought that nomads are ignorant, but we have ignored one point, that is, trade, trade and for nomads who are very scarce in materials, it is very, very important, and it is precisely because of trade that the exchanges between the East and the West have not been interrupted!

Let me give you a few examples of the flow from west to east:

1. We all know our sword, so how was the word sword invented? Let's see what the nomads in the north say about the sword? "Jinglu" is the name of the northern nomadic people for the treasure sword, where the original transliteration is "sword". In other words, the Chinese sword was first introduced from nomadic peoples, and the word may have come from the Iranian or Turkic language families. In modern times, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty obtained the "fine steel" from the Da Yue clan (Afghanistan region), and the famous historian of science and technology Feng Jiasheng pointed out in his work: "Since the Han and Jin dynasties, the iron iron that China says is stainless steel, that is, Indian steel from the Western Regions.

2.

Buddhism was taught in the East

I won't say much about this, click on it, everyone should understand.

Two. The second theory is that the Xianbei people of the Murong Department "Mu Eryi's virtue, followed by the appearance of the three lights, then Murong Wei's family", Eryi is Liangyi, referring to yin and yang, and Sanguang is the three lights of the sun, moon and stars, which is obviously to have a high level of Chinese literary cultivation, and it is not understandable from the Chinese meaning of Murong alone, and Xianbei is a Hu tribe, so this is obviously false, it is the statement of the people at that time in order to pat Murong on the back.

So let's take a look at what the culture of the Murong Department was at the beginning, after the death of Mo Huba, his son Mu Yan became the leader of the Murong Department, known as King Zuoxian, obviously, they adopted the official name of the Huns, it can be seen that the early Murong Department accepted more of the influence of the Xiongnu culture than the Han culture, and their ancestors also lived with the Huns, until Mu Yan's son Shegui served as the head of the Murong Ministry, they were named Xianbei Shan Yu, and after his death, Murong Diao took over.

Everyone, pay attention, the leaders of the Murong Department I mentioned, only Murong Diao used the surname Murong alone, here is a point, I will mention the reason for this later.

Three. The third theory is that the Xianbei Great Khan Tanshi Huai is divided into three Xianbei divisions, and Murong is the official name of the central adult, so is it that the Murong Great Alliance in the central part has moved eastward? So if it was really the Murong Great Alliance that moved eastward, why was the Murong tribe the weakest Xianbei around 260 AD?

What happened during the period after or before the death of the sandalwood locust? So when the Murong Alliance moved east, who was the strongest Xianbei Lord in the east? Yuwen Grand Alliance, of course! Or how will the adults of the Eastern Alliance treat the Murong Alliance? How will they fight, how will they fight? What was the reason why the Murong Department had to be transferred? What the hell is going on?!

So is the Murong Department a descendant of the Central Lord Murong Alliance?! And did the Murong Department inherit the name of the central lord Murong?

All these questions, I will discuss them slowly!

The fourth statement, which is a statement that surprises me, is also a strange case in the field of historiography that has puzzled everyone for a long time.

And I will also use my own thinking for you to solve this mystery, now you will take a look:

Since the leader of the Murong tribe, Shegui, gave birth to two sons (Murong Diao and Tuyuhun), and named his two sons after the two rivers around him, so what are these two rivers?

One is today's Xilamulun River, and the other is the Laoha River, which is the Tu River, and these two rivers are the north and south branches of the Xiliao River.

After the Laoha River in the upper reaches of the main stream of the Liao River joins the Xilamulun River, it is called the West Liao River. The West Liao River is divided into two branches, north and south, at the mouth of the Taihe River in Kailu County, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

And this Liaohe River basin is also the early activity area of the Murong Ministry.

So let's take a look, what are these two rivers called in Mongolian?

At that time, the Xilamulun River was called Raoleshui, which is similar to the Mongolian pronunciation of yellow water or Huangshui.

At that time, the Laoha River was called Wuhou Qinshui, which is similar to the pronunciation of the Mongolian Tuhe.

Most of our early scholars judged the history books based on Mongolian or Jurchen languages, because Mongolian did inherit some elements of the Donghu language family, but after all, it is not an authentic Xianbei language, and the change of language is also a complex issue in China

The pronunciation of Rao Leshui is Murong Diao, and the Mongolian name is Ruoluo Diao, which is homophonic with Huanle, and Tuyuhun, Tuhuzhen, and Tuo Suchen are all homophones of Wuhou Qinshui.

So how is it recorded in the history books? Is this true? Let's take a look at the records of the Xilamulun River and the Tuhe River at that time, and what were they called at that time?

The name of the river of Xilamulun, by the way, because the content of the historical records is too complicated, I will directly tell you the name of Xilamulun in these books at that time, if anyone needs detailed content, you can find me privately after class, there are accurate historical materials, so I won't say much here.

Wei Zhi. Xianbei Biography" quoted in "Wei Shu. Xianbei Territory "Cloud: Xianbei is connected to Liaoshui in the east, and the Western Regions in the west, tasting the spring season, and the conference is on the water. This place is called Rakusui.

Book of the Later Han Dynasty. The record of "Xianbei Biography" is: Rao Leshui.

In the "Fangyu Minutes", the Xilamulun River is called: weak falling water, watering weak water, watering

And what does Silamurun mean?

Sila Mongolian sira or Sara Huang or Huang

Mulun Mongolian Muren River

So what is the pronunciation of the weak falling water at that time sara-kha or

Sira－muren

The name of the earth river at that time

Wei Zhi. Xianbei Biography" quoted in "Wei Shu. Xianbei Territory "Cloud: Wuqin waits for water

Book of Sui: Tuo Su Chenshui

Toghosun

"Book of Tang": The earth protects the real water

Toghosun

The pronunciation of Uqin Houshui Mongolian is also Toghosun

That is, according to the Mongolian language

Murong Diao is sira-kha

Tuyuhun is Toghosun

And are these pronunciations the same as those of Xianbei at that time? Why is the pronunciation of the Mongolian language indicated here so similar to that of the weak drowning? Could it be that the Mongolian language has completely inherited the Xianbei language?

Murong Diao is not sira-kha or

Sira－muren？

Is Tuyuhun Toghosun?

Tuyuhun, we won't go to the verification today, let's talk about Tuyuhun in the future.

I don't think let's jump to conclusions, let's look at a piece of historical data:

Book of Jin. Murong Chronicles. The Legend of Murong Diao "Cloud: Murong Diao character Yi Luo Huan!

Oh, it turns out that Murong Diao's character is called Yi Luohuan, the word is impossible, everyone understands that the nickname is true, and Yi Luohuan is the homonym of weak falling water, that is to say, if Murong Diao was not named Murong as the patriarch at that time, he was Diao, like his father Shegui and grandfather Mo Huba, nomads have no surname, Diao is his name, so the added nickname, Yi Luohuan, that is, weak falling water, we can call him weak Luoxiao,

So this strange grammar, whether there is a modern approximate grammar, I originally deleted this paragraph, because it is too complicated and easy to attack, but this is my personal opinion, and it can be discussed together

For example, Henan people, as you know, Yan has a lot of political power in Henan, and many people stayed, and according to research and my personal experience

I found out

If you marry the daughter of a Henan native

Her name or nickname is Lan Lan

Then that's what they call you

Lan Lan's son-in-law

When your father-in-law introduced you to others, he was Lan Lan's son-in-law

And not about my son-in-law

Or my daughter's husband

Over time, we even thought that the weak and the fallen was the pronunciation of Murong Diao, and this fallacy is probably the pain that has always plagued all our historians. That's my exclusive word.

In other words, once the weak and weak Diao, who was about 16 years old at the time, inherited the position of Shigui and became the leader of the Murong Department, then what should everyone call him? It should be Murong Diao, not Murong Diao? Or Murong's weak Diao, and then add the name of Murong's insiders and the name of the foreign clan's Murong leader, so that this weak Diao and Murong Diao have been confused together, and over time, it has become a gap in the debate between many historians.

And Mongolia is also Murwei, in 311 A.D. called Lost Wei, there is a record in the Book of Wei, I will not repeat it, they are all Donghu language family, that is to say, Mongolian and Xianbei are very similar, Xianbei is also slowly migrated from the side of the Great Khing'an Mountains. This is why we use Mongolian, Tungusic and Turkish as testifying, and Turkish is cited by many historians to compare with the languages of the ancient Xiongnu.

However, scholars are often unreasonable to use modern Manchu and Mongolian to distinguish ancient languages, because language changes and even language family changes will cause misunderstandings, so I think the best way is to compare the historical books of different eras, and then make a judgment based on the language of the time and other languages that have survived, and I will use it in the next research.

So since there was a mistake in the pertinence when everyone translated, and the whole focus was on translating Murong Diao's nickname weakly, what was the pronunciation of the word Murong at that time?

Modern scholars (roughly during the reign of Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty, France, Germany, Japan, China, and Russia) have examined the records in the Wei Zhi, the Book of the Later Han, and the Legend of Dongyi according to the ancient pronunciation of the Jin Dynasty, and found a debatable point, that is, according to these books, they called some countries on the Korean Peninsula as Chenhan and Mahan

And the Book of Song. In the "Legend of the Wa Kingdom", it is recorded that Wawang Wu called himself "Wa, Baekje, Silla, Rennagara, Qin Han, and Muhan Seven Kingdoms Military General Andong Great General Wa King", and in these records, it is found that Muhan at that time was Mahan, but because of the different times and the progress of ethnic integration, the pronunciation has also changed somewhat.

Then, according to the strict archaeology of language and writing, the Mu character in the Book of Song should be read ba or ma

Then the scholars wrote in the Book of Wei. The record of the official clan found that "Mo Yu changed to Yu clan"

Then the scholars saw Chen Yi's Book of Wei. Guan Shizhi. "Evidence" said: Don't be a mule, the sound is wrong!

Shi Jiong's "Zizhi Tongjian Commentary" cloud: Mu Yu Dai Beidi Fu surname, this Murong family, the pronunciation is Mu Yu.

In other words, Mo Yu is Murong's pronunciation.

So why did the two different surnames of Murong and Muyu really exist in later generations and separate families?

In fact, this situation is very common in the period of the Sixteen Kingdoms, that is, the distinction between the descendants and the concubines, such as Tuoba and baldness, Baba, Helian and Tiefa in Daxia, are all royal Tuoba is Tuoba, the branch is Baba, the royal family is Helian, the branch is Tiefa, the royal family is Murong, the branch is Muyu, and the relationship between Tuoba and baldness is even more mysterious, and the secrecy between these surnames is not the content of today's Murong surname research, I won't talk about it first.

Let's move on

It is also because of this discovery that scholars have determined that the Jin Dynasty should not pronounce bak or mak, and in the ancient sound, K is actually very slight, almost inaudible, and there are many such ancient sounds, I will mention several other ancient sounds in the future Tuoba Shi, such as the transliteration of H and the light labial sound of G,

And the maba and

According to research, the pronunciation of makbak is the same.

So since Ma Han was mentioned before, what was the ancient sound of the horse character in the Jin Dynasty? It's MA or BA

It can be seen that the word Mu and the word horse have the same sound

There is no objection to the character Yung

In other words, Murong's Jin Dynasty ancient pronunciation should be ma-yung or ba-yung

And the pronunciation of Bu Shao Heng Gu so far is almost po-yu, it can be seen that Bu Shao and Murong have the same pronunciation, and the reason is not valid.

Then Murong's

What is another pronunciation of ba-yung in more ancient times? Ba－yan

That is, Murong's real original name is Fuhe, the meaning of the monarch of the ancient northern peoples

Near the Great Wall and near the Heilongjiang River, it is called rich ba-yan in Mongolian

The Tungusic language is rich ba-yan

In Turkish, it is called rich ba-yan

So is there a record of Ba-yan in the history books?

Yes, "Historical Records. The Legend of the Huns has the King of Aries, also a transliteration of the pronunciation of ba-yan, which is where the word ba-yan was first seen in historical books.

Basically, we have already made it clear that the meaning of Murong is the meaning of the king, and the record of the voice of the Khan began with Tuyuhun, so I won't say much about this, and we will discuss it together when we talk about the origin of Tuyuhun in the future.

The Turkic Que, special service and other inscriptions on the monarch is Kagan, that is, Khan, the original pronunciation of Khan, it can be seen that Murong's monarch should be a kind of honorific title that is different from Khan, but it is an honorific title that can only be used by people at the level of a respected chief.

Therefore, the word ba-yan, that is, the word Murong, should be the most correct way to say the rich monarch

In other words, the word Murong was originally a leader of Xianbei who was named Murong because he was very wealthy, and then with the development of time, his descendants thought that this was a matter of pride, so they took this Murong as the name of the tribe. It can also be seen from this that the central Murong at that time should have been very powerful and wealthy.

So what do you think of the third statement mentioned earlier, the statement of the central adult?

From "Wei Zhi. Xianbei Biography" quoted in "Wei Shu. Xianbei Territory" also saw that the leader of the department was called Ke Shi, Que Ju, Murong and so on (the temple was originally a temple) as the marshal, from here we can know that there is more than one tribe in the central part of the country.

As for what the temple means as a temple, I don't understand, but Baidu actually ignores the content of the historical records and says that the central adults are, and the head of the department is called Ke Zique, who lives in Murong Temple, what kind of bullshit is this, and it hurts a lot! When was the Murong Temple built on the grassland? Nonsense! How can those Baidu scholars be embarrassed?

And Hu San Province during the Song and Yuan dynasties also believed that this tribe that called itself Murong during the Tanshihuai period was the Murong clan in the Wei and Jin dynasties.

So where is the middle? It is the middle of the valley from the west of the right Beiping, and the Murong clan of the Wei and Jin dynasties lived in the east, that is, from the east of the right Beiping to the east of Fuyu and Yilou, these places are the east.

So is this Murong a descendant of the Central Adult, or did he get rich after wading back to the Xiliao River Valley, and when his son Murong Diao became stronger, he used the name of the Central Lord --- Murong?

The historical data does not say in detail, that is to say, there is no literature to refer to the changes in it, but it is certain that what must have happened after the death of Tanshi Huai, I will talk carefully on the future Xianbei Tanshi Huai, and I will also make it clear what major events happened after his death, and my inference results will also give the answer to the origin of the Murong clan in the next period.

Or, you can read my novel "Wuhu Mingyue" for reference, you can see it at a glance in Baidu, which has a detailed explanation, and the plot is also very exciting!

But what is certain is that Murong Diao in the Wei and Jin dynasties was the ancestor of Murong in Liaodi, and the meaning of Murong is also very clear, that is, a rich monarch, a monarch.

Okay, that's all for today's lesson, thank you, and goodbye.