In the thirteenth year of Yongle, when Zhu Zhanji first met Ma Di, he was still a half-grown boy who was less than fifteen years old.

Five full years have passed, and he has gone from a lover of natural sciences, the son of a craftsman, to an expert in physics.

Although in terms of qualifications, he is not as good as many craftsmen who have devoted most of his life to this field, but he is at the forefront of summarizing and researching physics.

This is mainly related to the fact that he was greatly influenced by Zhu Zhanji before he established a complete world view.

Since he was a child, he likes to work and research, which laid a certain foundation for him, and then at the age of fourteen, he met Zhu Zhanji, and Zhu Zhanji opened the door to the world for him.

Zhu Zhanji's glider was just the beginning, and his handicraft workshop allowed Madi to see many strange things.

The key is Zhu Zhanji's guidance, which keeps him on the right path.

There was absolutely no shortage of research and applications of physics in ancient China, and a series of historically renowned works were born as a result.

These works have not had a chance to be seen by the people, and many of them have been lost to the long river of history.

However, Zhu Di compiled the Yongle Canon from the registration and compilation, and almost all the books in the entire Ming Dynasty were collected in the palace.

From the "Book of Ink", "Examination of the Gongji", "On Balance", "Kao Ling", all the way to the Song Dynasty's "Heavenly Creation", there are collections in the palace.

Even Zhu Zhanji had never heard of the Tang Dynasty "Liu Guestjia's Words", such a partial book, there are books in the palace.

Zhu Zhanji asked those eunuchs to help him collect and watch all the books related to physics and physics since he was a child.

Through reading these books, Zhu Zhanji is very clear about the achievements and applications of ancient Chinese research in various aspects. I also admire the ancients very much when they didn't understand the essence of things, and they were surprised that they could summarize some conclusions with their own set of experiences.

Of course, there are some conclusions that seem ridiculous to him, but that's only because of the limitations of his vision.

Generally speaking, the ancients' understanding of physics was by no means as superficial as later generations thought.

Of course, because of the disdain of the whole society for Gewu, outstanding talents go to Confucianism, and only a few people study Gewu.

This lack of attention to Gewu has led to the intermittent development of talents, and has also led to a lack of summary and induction of physical phenomena in history, which is very fragmented.

For example, Cao Chong called the equivalent substitution of elephants, which is an important pioneering thinking for scientific research. However, this incident happened for 2,000 years, and it was not until the foreigners invaded China and took out their set that Chinese discovered that our ancients had already adopted this method.

The "Book of Ink" of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period actually summarized mechanics and optics, and the principle of levers was carefully analyzed in the book, and a series of tools such as scales and wheelbarrows were born.

And in the Book of Ink, the principles of light and shadow, small hole imaging, concave lens, and convex lens are also expounded, but unfortunately, such knowledge can only be hidden in the imperial palace's classic library, and no one wants to learn it at all.

Because learning these things will not help to improve a person's living environment, and they will be suppressed.

In addition to mechanics and optics, the ancient Chinese also studied other disciplines, such as acoustics.

The art of the Zhuangzi records the resonance phenomenon that occurs during the tuning, and this phenomenon of fundamental and overtone resonance was discovered much earlier than in the West, and it was not until the fifteenth century that Leonardo da Vinci first experimented with resonance in Europe.

Mo Zhai once set up an urn underground, using the phenomenon of resonance to explore the enemy's strategy of digging holes and attacking the city. In the Song Dynasty, Zeng Gongliang, in his "General Essentials of the Martial Arts", called this method "urn listening", which is the application of acoustic effects in the military.

Needless to say, the invention of the compass has fully illustrated the achievements of the ancient Chinese in the study of magnetism.

There is also thermal, which is again a neglected subject.

As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, the "Examination of the Work" judged the degree of heat and cold of the object according to the color of the object in the process of smelting metal. And the steel smelting process has been formed for a long time.

In the "Treatise on Balance", the changes in the state of matter under the state of thermal equilibrium, heat conduction and hot and cold cycles are recorded.

The Kong Ming lantern during the Three Kingdoms period was an application of heat.

As for electricity, although this discipline is only available in later generations, in fact, the records of this discipline have appeared since the emergence of human civilization.

In ancient times, thunder and lightning were combined, and when the trees were lit, people had an understanding of thunder and lightning.

The Book of Han records the tip discharge, lightning protection knowledge and related devices.

During the Western Han Dynasty, the "Naturalist Chronicles" recorded that rubbing the tortoiseshell can make the tortoiseshell charge and adsorb small particles.

In the "Treatise on Balance", it is recorded that the use of magnets to generate electricity by friction.

In the Tang Dynasty, the book "Xuan Zhenzi" has already scientifically analyzed the connection and separation between thunder and electricity.

But all of these are only scattered applications, and few tools and theories can be applied from ancient times to modern times like scales.

This is not only that the ancients only focused on application and not theory, but also lacked the soil for the development of other disciplines.

Zhu Zhanji himself has no time or interest in studying these things. So when he met Madi, who was not yet fifteen years old, he gave all these books to Madi, and asked him, an older child who was interested in physics, to study them.

And Ma Di did not live up to Zhu Zhanji's expectations, and soon summarized and summarized the application of physics in the ancient book according to Zhu Zhanji's classification.

This is the book he gave to Zhu Zhanji three years ago.

In addition to these, he made a detailed analysis of Zhu Zhanji's glider, and added a fluid mechanics course.

Another three years have passed, and Madi is almost twenty years old.

Due to Zhu Zhanji's instructions, the Ma family did not say goodbye to Ma Di, and he himself did not have the idea of getting married, so he buried his head in the research room of Xiamaqiao Farm all day long.

Three years ago, the book he gave to Zhu Zhanji was just someone else's thing, but now, he has experimented with most of the contents of the book and added a lot of content. It has formed a series of physics books that integrates theory, experimental basis, and principle analysis.

Although he is young, he is a lecturer of Zhu Zhanji's Yulin Weixue, and in the past few years, many of his students have been the children of nobles and scholars.

Even if everyone was initially unimpressed by the physics he taught, they couldn't ignore the influence of the glider.

The gliders of the Ming Dynasty were produced under his leadership, and the gliders have become an important reconnaissance branch in the Ming army.

Not only the students of Yulin Weixue, but also the border armies, also sent people with professional military training to learn gliding at the bridge, which made the young Madi pay attention to the entire imperial court.

Those noble children, the children of Wenchen, no matter how noble they consider themselves, do not dare to ignore this future uncle, so this makes Ma Di's prestige more and more high.

Zhu Zhanji originally considered marrying his eldest sister Princess Jiaxing to Ma Di, who was born in Yongle for seven years, eight years younger than Ma Di.

Ma Di's family is wealthy, his personality is gentle, and he is even a little uncomfortable, Jiaxing marrying him should be a good destination.

But even if it is calculated according to the virtual age, Jiaxing is only twelve years old this year, and it will take two or three years to get married.

But this time when he returned to Daming, he mentioned this matter to Zhang's once, but was opposed by Zhang's family.

It's not because the Zhang family doesn't like Ma Di, but because Zhu Zhanji himself has already married Ma Di's sister, and then marries the princess, and there is a saying that he will change his parents.

Although the exchange of relatives is very common among the common people, it is precisely because of this that even the landlords and gentry are taboo about the idea of changing relatives, let alone the royal family.

So now that Zhu Zhanji sees Ma Di, he still feels a little guilty, and he has the heart to help him find a good family.

With Madi's conditions, it may not have been in the eyes of Xungui. But Zhu Zhanji married his sister-in-law, and when he ascended the throne in the future, the Ma family had at least one count.

Although he is the second son in the family, he is highly valued by Zhu Zhanji, and now he is well-known among the nobles and ministers.

And he doesn't have to join the army, he has a gentle personality, he looks good, and his family is even richer.

So he didn't have to worry about finding a daughter-in-law, and even the first-class noble family wanted to marry him.

After inspecting the Gewu Research Institute, Zhu Zhanji specially instructed Ma Di: "This book of "Gewu Foundation" has been perfected and will be used as a basic textbook for Yulin Health Studies in the future. But you can't always limit yourself to this position, in the future, the Ming Dynasty needs more places for you, and you should also focus on continuing to deepen your research. So, your task now is to select a few proud disciples from Yulin Weixue, teach them the things in the book, and then step down as a lecturer. ”

Ma Di was a little anxious, and said with a long sigh: "Your Highness, Wechen is willing to teach, not to mention that now Wechen is only allowed to teach for half an hour a day, even if he prepares for class, it is enough to prepare for half an hour, and it does not delay Wechen's research." ”

Zhu Zhanji said with a smile: "With your current achievements, you have been wronged by letting you be a lecturer, and in a few months, I will set up my first university in Daming, and you will be promoted to professor at that time." ”

"University? Not too learned? Wechen isn't even a lifter, can he still be a professor? ”

"I said you can, you can." Zhu Zhanji didn't want to explain the difference between college and him now, patted him on the shoulder and said, "Xin'er is now seven months pregnant, and I'm afraid I'm going to give birth in March." As soon as we went out, it was three years, and you also asked your mother to visit the palace more often, so you don't need to care about other people's tongues. ”

"Yes!"

asked Li Liang to put away Ma Di's new edition of "Gewu Foundation", and several people moved to the small courtyard next to the Gewu Research Institute.

The Electric Power Research Institute can be said to be the department with the highest expectations but the slowest development of Zhu Zhanji, which mainly comes from two aspects.

One aspect is that the study of electricity requires the foundation of various theories, and it is a bit too big to even want to use electricity because it is not even clear what electricity is.

Secondly, in terms of applied research, Zhu Zhanji himself only knows what it is, but he doesn't know why.

For example, he is very clear about the role of motors, industrial development needs electricity, and electrical energy is converted into kinetic energy, and the most important thing is the motor.

But Zhu Zhanji only knew that the motor was wrapped with copper wire, but he didn't know what the working principle was.

On the most widely used electric lamp, Zhu Zhanji knew that the light bulb was originally made of bamboo charcoal, and later it was lead wire.

He also told the researchers about the role of light bulbs, but until now, electric lights have not been produced.

How to make filament with bamboo charcoal, Zhu Zhanji himself doesn't know, how to teach others?

As for using tungsten filament to make filament, it is more difficult, because the melting point of tungsten is more than 3,000 degrees, and the current smelting level cannot reach that step at all.

Therefore, the current Electric Power Research Institute is still a royal toy, and it is sent out to perform during the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month every year.

These people's motivation is not small, the magnet is getting bigger and bigger, the coil is getting bigger and bigger, and the power generation device made of huge magnets and coils can easily electrocute people.

Zhu Di once had a whim, when he was dealing with a group of thieves outside Chengtian Gate, he used the electricity generated by this coil to electrocute people alive.

So that in the end, the meat is almost cooked, and the person is not completely dead.

Not to mention, such a way of death is rarely intimidating, and now the people of the Ming Dynasty like to be killed by thunder as the heaviest gambling curse.

This kind of science and technology tree that has gone the wrong way makes Zhu Zhanji helpless, he knows the direction of development, but without a foundation, how can he build a castle in the sky?

"Your Highness, it's time to go back, today is the birthday of the little prince of Qi Jian, and the crown princess also told the slave maid to remind you."

Zhu Zhanji nodded, hummed, and said to Ma Di: "I'll go to the riverside another day to see the hull and sail improvements you have made with the Ship Research Institute, so let's stop here today." ”

Of course, Zhu Zhanji can't read all ten research institutes in one day, and it will always take a few days.

When he came out, he met a group of Western scholars who had been organized, such as Karlsoli.

These people have gradually become accustomed to the prosperous life here in Daming, but they have nothing to do all day long, which makes them a little unbearable.

Now that Chen Cheng is gone, arranging their work has become Zhu Zhanji's personal job.

He didn't come forward in person, but just asked Li Liang to inform them that he would meet them tomorrow and left the Xiamaqiao.

He already had a complete plan for the usefulness of these Western scholars, that is, to serve as lecturers in the newly established universities, and then give them a platform to play according to their different strengths.

He was going to use the funds of the inner treasury to set up this university, without going through the household department, so as not to give the ministers a chance to interfere.

Let's put aside the ministers and make it out independently, and then think about the integration later.

If these Western scholars were to be mixed with Confucianism now, I am afraid that Confucianism would never allow these Western scholars to make their voices heard.

Moreover, it should not be called a university in the first place, which would touch the sensitive nerves of Confucianism.

It might as well be called the Royal Institute of Technology, and it will be said that it specializes in training technicians and craftsmen, so that the opposition of Confucianism will be a little less.

The sound of horses' hooves shook, and Zhu Zhanji saw the bright moon in the sky through the window, looking forward to Zhu Di and Zhu Gaochi leaving as soon as possible.

He has never touched the bank's case, just to give all the courtiers a dismissal.

(Not in the state, let's go to these in today's transition chapter, and strive for more tomorrow.) ）