In the south of the Yangtze River in spring, the grass grows and the warbler flies, and the cherry blossoms are in full bloom. Pen ~ fun ~ pavilion www.biquge.info

The sunrise river flowers are red like fire, and the spring river is green like blue.

In the vast fields, it is the season to sow rice, and farmers are busy plowing the fields, and from time to time there is the sound of mooing cattle and the barking of dogs.

The lieutenants and cultivators sent by the state government shuttled through the process to supervise farming.

The shepherd boy in twos and threes, riding a bull and playing a flute, the flute is melodious.

In the rivers, lakes and streams, fishermen are busy fishing and shrimp, and some are leisurely fishing.

The distant mountains are like daisies, the green trees are green, the white clouds are long, and the smoke is curling.

A scene of peace and prosperity.

In the early morning, outside the majestic and simple Jingzhou City, which has been torn by war, the people who have been able to recuperate for the time being, call for friends, bring the old to help the young, and come out one after another, bustling, laughing and laughing, and it is very lively.

Sun Shangxiang and the daughters of other officials in Jingzhou City, with Adou, Guan Yu's daughter Guan Feng and son Guan Xing, Zhang Fei's sons Zhang Bao and Zhang Shao, daughter Zhang Xingcai, Zhao Yun's sons Zhao Tong and Zhao Guang, Huang Zhong's son Huang Xu, Wei Yan's sons Wei Rong and Wei Qiu, Zhuge Liang's son Zhuge Qiao, Lai Gong's son Lai Xuan, etc., also came to the Yangtze River to play. A large group of children of the same age, giggling, chasing, catching bugs, fighting crickets, flying kites, and having fun.

The friends were having fun, but Liu Chan was not interested at all. Tilting his little head, looking at the tall and thick gray city tower of Jingzhou City and the endless Yangtze River, his mood was extremely heavy and his thoughts were thousands.

First, there is the question of the fundamental way out of strategy.

Jingzhou played a pivotal role in the Three Kingdoms era at the end of the Han Dynasty. Since fate has closely linked him to Jingzhou, he must sort out his thoughts related to Jingzhou.

Zhuge Liang's "Longzhong Pair" proposed: According to Gaozu because of it, he still agrees with Yizhou, which is a fertile land of thousands of miles and the land of abundance. However, with the Fenyizhou Army as the main force and the Jingzhou Army as the partial division, the troops were divided into two routes of the Northern Expedition.

Throughout the history of the Three Kingdoms, Jingzhou has always been the focus of the tripartite contention between Wei, Shu and Wu, and from the perspective of the division and unity of the world, the dispute over Jingzhou is the battle for the fate of the Three Kingdoms.

In November 208 AD, in the world-famous Battle of Chibi, Zhou Yu defeated Cao Cao, marched west against the river, occupied all important cities along the river (including Yiling, the gateway to Sichuan), surrounded Jiangling, and launched a fierce battle with Cao Ren.

In December 208, Liu Bei took the opportunity to lead his troops south and seize four counties (Changsha, Guiyang, Wuling, and Lingling). In December 209, Cao Ren abandoned Jiangling and retreated north, and Zhou Yu occupied the strategic Jiangling. Sun Quan appointed Zhou Yu as the acting Nanjun Taishou (Zhijiangling) and Cheng Pu as the acting Jiangxia Taishou (Zhishaxian). In the same month, Liu Qi died, and Liu Bei became the pastor of Jingzhou. In order to jointly defend against the threat of Cao Cao, a powerful enemy in the north, Sun Quan divided the territory on the south bank of the southern part of the southern county to Liu Bei, who built a public security city at the mouth of the Youjiang River. Sun Quan married his sister to Liu Bei. In December 210, Liu Bei ventured to see Sun Quan and asked to manage Jingzhou. Zhou Yu suggested taking this opportunity to detain Liu Bei in order to prevent future troubles. Soon Zhou Yu died of illness, and Lu Su, who had a more political vision, took over, and in order to consolidate the Sun-Liu alliance against Cao, he persuaded Sun Quan to lend Jingzhou to Liu Bei, and Sun Quan allowed it. In the same month of 210 AD, Cheng Pu retreated from Jiangling to Jiangxia, and Lusu retreated to Lukou, handing over to Liu Bei all the important areas along the Yangtze River in Jingzhou (including the line from Jiangling to Yiling) west of Gong'an County.

Gu Yanwu of later generations wrote in the "Preface to the Minutes of Huguang Fangyu": "The shape of Huguang wins, in Wuchanghu? In Xiangyang? Or is it in Jingzhou? Said: In the words of the world, the emphasis is on Xiangyang; In the southeast, it is important to focus on Wuchang; In terms of Huguang, the emphasis is on Jingzhou. The importance of Xiangyang is summed up by "speaking in the world". Xiangyang and Fancheng belong to Jingzhou and are the gateways of Jiangling.

For Liu Bei, seizing Xiang and controlling Hanshui can protect Jiangling, go south to Shunjiang to seek the whole territory of Jingzhou, and go north to Wanluo to attack Cao Cao. For Cao Cao, according to Xiang and Fan can choke the Han River, the south can force Liu Zhijiangling, and the east can look at Sun Zhiwuchang, which is the barrier of southern Wei. For Sun Quan, "it is easy to map Jiangling with Xiangyang, but it is difficult to map Xiangyang with Jiangling", only by occupying the entire territory of Jingzhou can we monopolize the natural danger of the Yangtze River and eliminate the threat of Wei and Shu going down the river. Judging from the above analysis, the battle of Xiangfan between Wei, Shu, and Wu was actually inevitable.

Liu Bei devoted his life to fighting Cao Cao, and put forward the basic national policy of "Han and thief do not stand together, and the royal industry is not partial", and Cao Cao did not share the sky, but the ally Sun Quan always wanted to attack Jingzhou, so Liu Bei's strategy was congenital flawed and lacked flexibility.

In the face of Cao Cao's powerful offensive, Sun Quan lent Jingzhou to consolidate the alliance between Wu and Shu and deal with Cao Cao with Liu Bei. Subsequently, Cao Cao was defeated at the Battle of Chibi, and gradually changed his strategy after successfully achieving the goal of eliminating major threats to the north, especially after several unsuccessful attempts to return Jingzhou. From jealousy of Liu Bei's strength, to secretly tearing up the Sun-Liu Alliance, and then befriending Cao Cao and dealing with Liu Bei with Cao Cao. Taking advantage of Guan Yu's outpouring of the northern expedition to Cao Cao, which led to the weakness of Jingzhou's troops and empty defense, he conspired to attack Jingzhou with the treacherous plan of showing weakness on the surface, touting paralysis, and crossing the river in white clothes, and shamelessly strangled Guan Yu with Cao Cao, making the most profits.

The loss of Jingzhou toppled the support that maintained the support of Shu Han, Cao Wei and Eastern Wu, thus breaking the balance of the strategic pattern, and triggering the defeat of Liu Bei's Yiling, which became a turning point for the Shu Han regime from prosperity to decline.

Cao Cao and Sun Quan acted in embarrassment, greatly weakened the national strength of Shu Han, dismembered Zhuge Liang's carefully formulated "Longzhong Pair" strategy, eliminated the major threat of Shu Han to Cao Wei, and successfully pulled Liu Bei down from the peak of his career.

If the Battle of Chibi laid the situation of the three-point world, then Guan Yu's loss of Jingzhou laid the basic pattern of the three-point world, announced the complete failure of Zhuge Liang's strategic concept of "Longzhong Pair", and made the sphere of influence of the Three Kingdoms basically shaped from then on.

Everyone in the world says that "Liu Bei borrowed Jingzhou, but he borrowed but did not pay it back", which is really fallacious!

After the Battle of Chibi, Jingzhou was already divided into three families. Cao Cao occupied the largest Nanyang County, as well as the Xiangyang area of Nanjun County, which Liu Cong sacrificed, as well as parts of Jiangxia County; Soochow occupied Gangneung and parts of Gangxia County in Nam-gun; Liu Bei took advantage of the chaos to occupy the four counties of Jingnan, namely Changsha, Wuling, Guiyang, and Lingling.

The so-called Liu Bei borrowed Jingzhou, but he only took a part of Jiangling from Sun Quan, and the price was to set aside a part of Changsha to Sun Quan, and Sun Quan established a new Hanchang County there.

At the beginning, Sun Quan lent Liu Bei the Jiangling area, but also out of desperation, Zhou Yu's death made Sun Quan and Cao Cao's dream of sharing the world equally shattered, since it is difficult to rely on the Eastern Wu side to hold Jiangling, a place where soldiers must fight, it is better to give Liu Bei a personal favor, not to mention that he can also get the replacement of Hanchang County.

In 215 AD, the two families of Sun and Liu met each other because of a public case in Jingzhou. Due to the huge military pressure of Cao Cao in Hanzhong, Liu Bei had to negotiate a compromise with Sun Quan, and finally Sun Quan won and Liu Bei was defeated.

The two sides divided Jingzhou with Xiangshui as the boundary, Sun Quan took Changsha, Jiangxia, and Guiyang counties, and Liu Bei retained Nanjun, Lingling, and Wuling (which is the location of the Peach Blossom Spring).

In other words, Liu Bei still retained control of Jiangling on the front line of the war, but gave up control of Changsha and Guiyang in the hinterland of Jingzhou.

However, when Liu Bei obtained Yizhou, he did not return Jiangling as promised, but declared that he would wait until he obtained Liangzhou to return "Jingzhou (Jiangling)", which greatly angered Sun Quan. As a result, Sun Quan began a conspiracy to capture Jingzhou (Jiangling), and finally got his wish.

Liu Bei's gains outweighed the losses, the loss of land and the loss of people, and because Jingzhou lost Guan Yu and Zhang Fei two Optimus Prime of Liu Han's regime in succession, he finally returned from defeat and died. Sun Quan was both a land and a reason, gaining both fame and fortune, and winning a big victory.

Therefore, in this sense, Liu Bei did not fail to return Jingzhou. In this chaotic world where every inch of land is contested, no one's ambitions and desires are built by sitting in cities and piling up white bones.

From Liu Biao's seizure of Jingzhou, to Liu Bei's defection to Liu Biao, Cao Cao's southern expedition, the battle of Chibi, and then to the repeated struggle for Jingzhou by Cao, Liu, and Sun, and finally ended with the Jin army capturing Jingzhou and destroying Eastern Wu.

It can be said that a history of the Three Kingdoms at the end of the Han Dynasty is, in a sense, a history of Jingzhou.

Liu Chan clearly realized that he had to be extremely careful in dealing with Sun Quan. In particular, it is necessary to recognize Sun Quan's true face. And Zhuge Liang's strategic concept of "Longzhong Pair" is based on the fact that Sun Quan has always been Liu Bei's ally. This is undoubtedly like a high-rise building built on top of a desert, which is very unreliable.

In fact, Sun Quan also does not give Mr. Wolong a lot of face, and his essence is a mercenary businessman-style monarch, the most realistic opportunist in troubled times.

Sun Quan's outlook on life, a political animal that can even be sold by relatives at any time for the sake of profit. Everyone in the world said that his brother Sun Ce was the one he designed to kill. His own sister can also be used as a bargaining chip for his profits. What's more, it's his natural enemy, the stranger Liu Bei! Even if he is his own brother-in-law!

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