Chapter 110 The Direction of Computer Development Persian envoys came to negotiate peace

Zhang Zhimu said to Yang Chang and everyone present: "In the next step, your computer is facing the problem of greatly increasing the computing speed. This requires your components to have high switching speeds as well. Take the most basic transistor as an example, you need to do a lot of work if you want to increase its switching speed, the main thing is to reduce the capacitance between the PN nodes, or the same internode capacitance uses a large current to quickly impact and increase the speed, which increases the energy consumption and causes heat dissipation problems. ”

"That's right! When we increase the speed, the operation becomes unstable. It seems that this matter has to be figured out from the components! "Someone said.

"Also, the interference between components is not prominent at low speeds, but it is different at high speeds. The pins of your device and the distribution parameters between devices will interfere. In the past, in order to facilitate the overlapping of wires, it would also cause interference. Therefore, if you are engaged in components, you must also start to engage in SMD components. This not only reduces size, but also reduces distractions and facilitates cable routing. For complex circuit boards, SMD components are used, and multi-layer board wiring is much more convenient. ”

"Huh!" After listening to Zhang Zhimu's words, everyone was happy!

Yang Chang said: "Look at it! We have so much to do! ”

"And whatever!" Zhang Zhimu smiled and said, "I saw that you used a few large cabinets for computer memory, which is also the reason why computing is expensive, right?" Zhang Zhimu asked.

"Of course! One memory uses six transistors, and the memory is stacked with triodes! A computer guy said.

"Everyone has been working on computers for so long, and they should have a deep understanding of computer memory." Zhang Zhimu guided everyone and said, "In fact, every memory, we can see it as a capacitor, the one that is full of electricity is '1', and the one that is not full is '0'." Let's think differently, if we can find such a simple capacitor, can we also solve this problem? ”

After everyone discussed for a while, Zhang Zhimu said, "We want to make a microphone with a field effect tube, and the effect is very good." However, there is another characteristic of the FET, that is, the gate capacitance has a certain retention. We charge the MOSFET once, and it stays there for a while. Can we use this feature for our memory? ”

Someone asked, "How long does this gate capacitor last?" What should I do when the discharge is finished? ”

"The estimated hold time is just a few milliseconds. Can we recharge after discharge? Zhang Zhimu said.

Everyone still didn't understand it all at once.

Zhang Zhimu continued: "We can normally read and write this FET as we can with the current memory, and if we read and write the FET again before the gate capacitor of the FET is discharged, we will charge it again. However, if we don't read or write the gate capacitor of this MOSFET before it is discharged, he loses his memory. So, we also need to add a circuit to read and write this FET on a regular basis. This prevents the FET from losing its memory. Of course, the circuit needs to be complicated, and it is also necessary to consider avoiding conflicts with normal reads and writes. However, this comes at the cost of having a lot of cheap memory to work with. You say don't you? ”

"That's right! A lot of these memories can be integrated on such a chip. Anyway, we don't have to rack our brains for this memory use every day! "Someone said.

Yang Chang was very excited when he heard this, he knew what memory meant, and said: "I will arrange a group to study this matter with Qingfengzi and them to engage in integrated circuits." After the experiment, we will use it on the computer. ”

Zhang Zhimu can often bring a lot of unexpected things to everyone, which is what everyone is looking forward to, and I don't think it's strange!

When Yang Chang sent Zhang Zhimu out, Zhang Zhimu asked him: "Has there been any progress on the semiconductor laser?" ”

"It's too difficult, I've participated in a few of their seminars, and in theory, everyone thinks it should be possible, but the actual development is not any progress! Is this also important? ”

"It's very important, you have to keep an eye on them, you have to get it out!" Zhang Zhimu affirmed, "With semiconductor lasers, we can develop optical fiber communications." In the future, optical fiber communication is a development direction for us. ”

"You used to say that you used quartz to pull out the filaments, shine light into it, and let the light come out from the other end, isn't that so?" Yang Chang asked.

"You're right, and you're not entirely right." Zhang Zhimu said, "We use laser light into the optical fiber, and use the principle of total reflection to transmit the light in the quartz fiber. If we input a laser modulated by a signal, the other end of our term, after the photoelectric conversion of the signal, is the optical fiber communication completed? Let me tell you, a ray of light can travel up to 10 kilometers at a time. Such communication has neither interference nor large capacity. Because in one optical fiber, we can use different wavelengths of lasers to communicate, and they do not interfere with each other. If we digitize the signal and use the high bandwidth characteristics of optical fiber, one optical fiber can transmit many phone calls without distortion. In the future, we will have computers everywhere, and we can also use optical fiber to connect and share resources. In short, this is the direction of our future. The key is that we must develop semiconductor lasers. ”

"Oh my God! I think the more we do, the more we have to do! Yang Chang sighed.

"That's right!" Zhang Zhimu smiled and said, "Didn't I tell you? It's like when we draw a garden on a flat surface. What we know is in the garden, and what is outside the garden is unknown. We know that the bigger the garden, the more we are exposed to the unknown! ”

"Alas!" Yang Chang sighed deliberately and said, "Shi Tao will be back soon, and I will talk to him on the phone." He's back, and we're going to look into a lot of things together. He still has a lot more ideas! ”

"Alright! Shi Tao comes back, you can notify me! ”

On the Western Front, Li Kui took a surprise attack, originally wanting to surprise and occupy Golgan, but he didn't expect to get an empty city. Li Kui telegraphed the situation to Ningde and decided to stay in Golgan for two days. In the past two days, Li Kui provided some food to the elderly, women and children in the city who had not left. In the past two days, they have also waited for the convoy to deliver supplies, because they are rushing and carrying not much grain and grass.

The people who didn't run in Golgan City didn't expect that the army that came over this time not only didn't hurt them, but also gave them food. They couldn't believe that every time Gorgan was breached, the city was slaughtered, which is why the people fled. Some old people rode out on donkeys and shouted back, and many people came back.

When Li Kui's team left, he left a part of Golgan to guard and asked them to be kind to the people who returned.

Li Kui's brigade replenished its provisions, turned westward, and swept along the southern shore of the Caspian Sea.

The Persian envoys left their camp in Ningde and hurried back to Isfahan day and night. He knew that Abbas the Great of Isfahan must be anxious to find out what was going on here.

Just as the envoy thought, when he rushed back to Isfahan covered in dust, Abbas the Great already knew the news of the defeat at the front, but Abbas the Great did not fully believe the news of the return, because he did not believe that the hundreds of thousands of people he sent out would be so badly defeated, and few of them even fled. That's hundreds of thousands of people, that is, hundreds of thousands of sheep, and I'm afraid it's very difficult to kill them all.

While Abbas was fidgeting, news came that the envoys he had sent had returned.

When Abbas heard this, he didn't care about any majesty, and shouted: "Hurry! Come on in! ”

When the envoy came in, he immediately fell to the ground and cried, "Your Majesty, we have failed!" It's so miserable, we're defeated! ”

Abbas immediately left his seat, dragged the envoy up, and shouted: "Tell me, what the hell is going on?" ”

"Woohoo! We are defeated! The envoy wept and could not speak.

Abbas: "Alas! He let go of him and said, "Calm down and tell me what's going on?" ”

The envoy wiped away his tears and recounted in fits and pieces what they had seen and heard on their journey. Abbas froze in his seat, motionless. The previous intelligence turned out to be true, and it was much more serious than originally thought. Abbas was suddenly unable to accept this reality.

All the civil and military ministers also did not dare to move, and it took a long time for Abbas to breathe a sigh of relief and scan his eyes at the ministers. These ministers bowed their heads one by one and did not dare to look into the eyes of Abbas the Great, especially those ministers who were in charge of the war, and they were even more afraid that Abbas would blame them.

Abbas knew that he had to come up with an idea now, whether it was right or wrong, and if he didn't have an idea at this time, he would not be able to sit firmly in this position.

Abbas ordered: "Mobilize the whole country, mobilize all the forces that can be mobilized, we must avenge the hundreds of thousands of soldiers on the front!" ”

With Abbas's order, the relevant ministers below can agree to go out and do things. Whether this mobilization is useful or not, they want to get out of this suffocating place.

It's almost time for the ministers to leave. Abbas's cronies and envoys followed Abbas to a room in the palace garden and sat down.

The servants finished their tea and withdrew.

The person who could be sent by Abbas as an envoy was also very close to Abbas, and he said to Abbas: "Your Majesty, we need to calm down now!" ”

"Hmmm! Tell us what you think! ”

"Your Majesty, the people we sent this time are all the absolute elite of our empire, with more than 300,000 troops and more than 200,000 elite laborers! They only fought with the Ming army for two days before they were defeated. It shows that the combat power of the Ming army is really strong, otherwise, they can't destroy the moon in such a short time! Shouldn't we fight with them? The envoy said carefully.

Another minister said: "Your Majesty, I have heard that the Ming army has completely conquered the Mongols, which shows that their strength is indeed very strong. A large part of the reason for our defeat this time is that we don't know them at all. Especially since their firearms are very powerful! I also heard that the reason for the defeat of the Ottoman Empire was that the Russians had the firearms of the Ming army in their hands. This time, the Ottoman Empire bought a large number of Ming military weapons, which were ready to take revenge on the Russians! And we have nothing to do in the face of their firearms! ”

The envoy said: "On our way to the camp of the Ming army, we saw that our artillery had been discarded all the way. Before they even reached the position, the artillery was killed! The Ming army is very cunning in war, we have to face it seriously! ”

After listening to their words, Abbas took a sip of tea from his teacup, put it down, and asked with a wry smile: "What do you mean, do we have to surrender?" ”

These ministers were all Abbas's hardcore cronies, and they were all taken aback by Abbas's words.

The envoy trembled and said, "Your Majesty, I have been thinking about it on the way back. The Ming army has always avoided fighting us. It's just that we didn't take their advice seriously! If they didn't really want to avoid fighting us, they wouldn't have asked the Ottomans to send someone to sue for peace. ”

The envoy's words calmed down Abbas and asked, "The Ming army is so strong, why don't you want to fight us?" ”

"This?"

No one can answer this question.

Abbas didn't ask the question again, but asked the envoy, "They said they wouldn't attack us in Isfahan for the time being, right?" ”

"Yes! They said that they could not attack us in Isfahan for the time being, but that we should give them an answer as soon as possible about our army attacking them. ”

"What are they asking for?" Abbas saw hope and stared at the envoy and asked.

"This, this, they didn't say!" It was only then that the envoy remembered that he had forgotten the most important thing. You should ask the Ming army for your own requirements!

Abbas glared at the envoy angrily, "I think that since they gave us a chance, they didn't want to exterminate us!" ”

The envoy said, "Yes! They were very attentive and polite to us and the Ottoman envoys! I don't think they want to continue their enmity with us. But we're at war with them after all, and they're not going to give up! ”

One of the ministers said, "Your Majesty, now that we have organized an army to fight them, it is difficult for us to be sure of victory." Why don't we send someone to talk to them and see what they think? ”

Abbas suddenly felt that the danger was not as great as he had imagined, and said to the envoys: "I think you can rest for a while and go back and talk to them, just say that our military operations are done by front-line officers without permission, not our empire's intentions." Losses have been inflicted on them, and the Empire will compensate them if possible! ”

This envoy really didn't want to go back, because last time, he had already talked too much, and now he went back and said that it was a misunderstanding, which is really unspeakable. But if he doesn't say it, others are even more inappropriate. I had to reluctantly say, "Okay!" I'll go back one more time. However, what kind of conditions can we agree to and what kind of conditions they can't agree to, Your Majesty wants to give me a bottom line! ”

"What's the bottom line?" Abbas didn't know what the bottom line was.

"Since we told others that we had a misunderstanding, what kind of compensation are we going to give them?" So that the ministers and soldiers could not negotiate with the Ming army in a vague way.

Abbas was angry when he heard this, "Our hundreds of thousands of troops have been wiped out by them, how can we count?" ”

The envoy listened to Abbas's unreasonableness, and did not speak.

After a while, a minister said to the envoy: "I think, you should go to the Ming army camp and talk to them first, what conditions do they have, come back and talk about it!" ”

The envoy was a little angry and said: "Originally, the Ming army was about to send troops to our Isfahan, but it was the Ottoman envoys who persuaded them, and they reluctantly agreed, waiting for our attitude." However, they said that they would immediately march to Annam in the Caspian Sea. It's no problem for me to go to the Ming army camp again, but if we don't give people an answer this time, if they really send troops over, we have to be ready! ”

Abbas also knew that it was not okay to fool the Ming army casually, so he stood up and spun around and said, "We can promise to compensate them with some silver!" After thinking about it, he said, "We can also cede some land in remote areas." For example, the moon is some place to the north of others. Osborne pointed to the map. Because it was too far from the center of the Persian Empire.

The envoy was so angry in his heart, at the beginning, they wanted to defeat the Ming army, and then occupy the land of others, but now they can't beat others, and they are still holding the rope like this. The envoy couldn't help but say, "Your Majesty, I see that they are now marching to the southern shore of the Caspian Sea, are they optimistic about the place north of our Alborz Mountain?" We need to be prepared for this! ”

"No, absolutely not!" "We cannot afford to lose territory close to the Caspian Sea," Abbas said. The southern part of the Alborz is dry and rainless, and only the northern part of the mountain is densely forested. We cannot afford to lose these places close to the Caspian Sea. Elsewhere we can consider. ”

"What if they don't agree and take over us?" The envoy asked more persistently.

"Bastard! Are you negotiating on behalf of the Ming Army? Abbas yelled angrily.

Don't talk about this grievance in the minister's heart, the heart said that my errand was not fucking done by anyone. He gritted his teeth and said: "Your Majesty, when this country is in trouble, I can't shirk this task, but I also know that some people will be dissatisfied with what the negotiation is." I still ask Your Majesty to send another adult with me, so that I can prove it, otherwise I can't afford to betray the country!" ”

Abbas understood the envoy's thoughts well, but he chose several ministers, all of whom for various reasons would refuse the doomed errand. There was no way, Abbas thought of a way to draw lots, and chose a minister to accompany the hapless envoy to negotiate with the Ming army.

When the Persian mission came to their camp in Ningde, which had been covered with heavy snow, Li Kui had already led his troops and swept all the way to Rasht.

Since Sun Chuanting took over the place occupied by Li Kui with people, only Ningde received them in the camp.

The soldiers of Yaogang led them into the camp, arranged them into heated guest houses, and invited them to bathe and wash, and in the evening Ningde feasted them.

The minister of the Persian Empire, who came with the envoy, was a little puzzled, the Ming army was so enthusiastic that he couldn't tell that it was the envoy who received the war between the two countries.

At the banquet, Ning De couldn't stop saying some kind words about your hard work all the way, and after the two sides drank for a while, Ning De said: "I've been looking forward to you coming over soon!" Our emperor of the Ming Dynasty was furious when he learned that you sent hundreds of thousands of troops to attack me despite our repeated requests for peace! Command us to attack you Isfahan. Be sure to hold this revenge! The lords in the court were also very angry. But we promised to wait for you to reply, and we can't keep our promises. I asked the emperor to allow us to wait. If you don't come, we won't be able to stand it! ”

The envoy hurriedly said, "Hey! We returned to Isfahan and reported the situation to His Majesty Abbas, who was simply furious. This is the audacity of the generals at the front, not the meaning of our empire. Your Majesty said that these scum will be severely punished! You also know that we are here to negotiate with the Ottoman mission? His Majesty said that our two countries have been in contact with each other for a long time, and they are friendly countries, and we must not go to war! ”

"Good! I just want to wait for your words! We don't want to attack Isfahan, but we also have to give an account to the emperor and the Ming Dynasty. Then tell me how you plan to compensate us for our losses! Ningde said.