The principle of the pressure cooker is simple to Shangwen. But for the state of Qin, which had just established an educational research system. It's still an unknown mystery. And discovery takes a process. For example, this problem was discovered by Captain Ma Zhendong, who was involved in meteorological observations, but he could not explain the phenomenon. And Shang Wen certainly knew what was going on.

The pressure cooker is composed of a pot body, a pot lid, a fusible sheet, a vent, a safety valve and a sealing ring, and other new forms of venting channels. But now, steel materials are in great demand. Don't say it's making a pot. Thinking of this, Shang Wen explained in his heart why it couldn't be popularized.

It takes a time process for new materials to be generated. There are also different levels of priority use. These Shangwen couldn't control it for the time being, so they went to make steel, which became an important material for high pressure. Some of the key things Shangwen uses steel instead. For example, vents. A pressure cooker requires a latching mechanism. This structure can be used on guns. But the advent of thread carving knives can solve this problem for Shangwen.

The body of the pot is made by stamping. Rather than hand-crafted. Previously, there was an "iron helmet" in the Qin State Arsenal, which was stamped from a whole iron plate and used to block bullets. But the individual equipment is already very high. Equip the "Iron Helmet." "Obviously not a good deal. So, he was abandoned. The production mold was changed to the production of iron pots. Casting iron pots consumes an unusually high level of coal. The price of coal needs to be shipped from the far north. Therefore, the pot of the Qin State began to be made by stamping with a medium size.

The pressure cooker is done. The workers didn't understand what it was for. Shang Wen didn't want to explain, so he did an experiment himself. Cook the meat.

The same weight, the same water, the same fire. The pot is used for a short time. There is no need to guess the results.

The pressure cooker won out naturally.

"What is this?" King Qin put down the evening newspaper in his hand and asked. Zhao Gao gently put down the end plate in his hand and replied.

"Your Majesty, this is chicken soup from the eldest princess. Her Royal Highness the princess personally cooked it. Zhao Gao said.

"Oh. Yu'er will also make soup. The widow tasted it. With that, King Qin put down the newspaper in his hand, and the current King Qin handed over most of the things to Shangwen to do. And he just has to check it at any time. With the advent of newspapers, politics began to become transparent to a certain extent. The King of Qin read the newspaper every day, which was actually equivalent to understanding all aspects of the Qin State. Delegating power is to be under a certain level of supervision, so that King Qin dares to do this.

"Yes." King Qin picked up the jade spoon and took a sip.

"Your Majesty, how?" Zhao Guo asked in a low voice.

King Qin swallowed it more painfully.

"It's almost hot." King Qin said. Actually, Yingyu put too much salt. After Meier put the ingredients away, she got the salt out beforehand. And Yingyu saw that there was too little salt, so she put another spoonful. And it's a big spoonful. Everyone else had to try, but Yingyu thought that it was done, so she took it directly to Shangwen. Shang Wen didn't move. It was sent to the King of Qin. Only the king of Qin suffered. However, as a father, he is naturally happy that his children can make soup and be filial, even if there is anything wrong, he naturally does not say anything.

Yingyu, who was eavesdropping outside the window, whispered. "That's not right. I've been boiling for more than two hours, so it's time for the fire. ”

"The principle of a pressure cooker is simple, because the boiling point of water is affected by the air pressure, and the higher the air pressure, the higher the boiling point. In the mountains and plateaus, the air pressure is less than 1 atmosphere, the water can boil at less than 100 degrees Celsius, and eggs cannot be cooked in ordinary pots. When the air pressure is greater than 1 atmosphere, the water will not boil until it is above 100°C. The pressure cooker that people commonly use is designed using this principle. The pressure cooker encloses the water quite tightly, and the water vapor produced by the evaporation of the water cannot be diffused into the air, but can only be retained in the pressure cooker, which makes the air pressure inside the pressure cooker higher than 1 atmosphere, and also makes the water boil when it is higher than 100 °C, so that the environment of high temperature and high pressure is formed inside the pressure cooker, and the rice is easy to cook quickly. Of course, the pressure inside the pressure cooker will not be unlimited, or it will become a bomb. Shang Wen explained to everyone.

"It's called atmospheric pressure, it's so powerful!" The workers exclaimed.

"Atmospheric pressure is natural, not human." Shang Wen patiently explained.

"Oh." Everyone nodded. Seeing that everyone still seems to understand or not. Shang Wen believes that it seems that the physics of the Qin State is in urgent need of great strides. Otherwise, if you don't even know the atmospheric pressure, etc., then the subsequent experiments will not be able to be done at all. Because it is this pressurization and decompression that gives chemistry a means of testing, so as to extract a large number of chemical industrial products from petroleum and coal. Many of these industrial products are necessary for weapons.

There are many experiments that have proven atmospheric pressure. For example, the most famous is the Madbaeu Hemispheric Experiment. There is also the Torricelli experiment. This experiment measured the value of atmospheric pressure. Shang Wen decided to follow the example of Mayor Ma Debao and openly do this experiment.

Shang Wen drew a drawing and asked the workers to make it. At the same time, Shangwen asked about the pumping device. The answer is yes. Because many places have started to use pumps. It has already been used on trains. It's just that people don't know the principle. After learning about this situation, Shangwen decided to make it himself.

Rubber rings were used in the Madebao experiment that year. And Shangwen does not have this material. Shang Wen has experimented with a variety of sealing materials. Most of the sealing materials of the Qin State were graphite, steel rings or other materials. The most expensive of the materials is undoubtedly resin, in which there is a lot of rosin, etc. At the same time, there is also animal gelatin boiled from animal bones, that is, capsules.

In order to do this experiment, Shangwen had to use two mixtures of resin and gelatin, and the experiment failed anyway. In particular, Shangwen used leather as a sealing material.

Two thirteen-inch copper balls are filled with water under a special seal. The water is then pumped out to make it a vacuum. Then just let Marat do. However, it was already early in the morning. It is impossible for everyone to see it. As a last resort, Shang Wen could only open the place where the water was pumped. Return to normal values. Without an audience, it is a loss of meaning.

But Shang Wen decided. The experiment will take place tomorrow afternoon. Shang Wen informed the major newspapers of the news. The newspaper office has a special staff on duty. They were in charge of the morning newspaper, because every day the clock was six o'clock. Newspapers must be distributed to every household subscribed.

When the newspaper received the news, it was already four o'clock in the morning. The printing of newspapers has begun. In order to snatch the vantage point of the news, they had to publish another special issue. Announcing the news.