Don't you alone know the time of Sidley? In the past, the Rongcheng clan, the Dating clan, the Bohuang clan, the Central clan, the Lilu clan, the Lizhu clan, the Xuanyuan clan, the Huxu clan, the Zunlu clan, the Zhurong clan, the Fu Xi clan, and the Shennong clan, in that era, the people relied on the method of knotting ropes to remember things, and recognized the coarse meals as delicious, the simple clothes as beautiful clothes, the pure customs as joy, and the simple dwellings as comfortable. In times like this, it can be said that the world is truly peaceful. But now it has reached the point where the people stretch their necks and stand on tiptoe and say, "A saint has come out somewhere," and they rush away with dry food, and their families have abandoned their parents, and they have left the cause of the Lord outside, and their footprints have been handed over to the borders of the princes, and the imprints of wheels have been staggered thousands of miles away, and this is the fault of the rulers in their pursuit of wisdom. If the ruler is bent on pursuing the Holy Wisdom and does not follow the Great Dao, then the world will surely be in chaos!

How do you know this is the case? There are more clever bows, bird nets, arrows, traps, etc., so that the birds will only fly in the air; If you are more clever in hooking bait, fishing nets, fish cages, etc., then the fish will only swim in the water; If the wooden fences, animal pens, animal nets, and the like are more ingenious, then the wild beasts will only scurry in the grass; If there are more powers such as deception and deceit, cunning, deceitful words, arguments of truth, similarities and differences, etc., then the worldly people will only be deceived by sophistry. Therefore, the world is in a state of confusion, and the sin lies in the preference for wisdom. Therefore all men in the world know only to pursue what they do not know, but they do not know to explore what they already know; They all know what they think is bad, but they don't know how to deny what they already agree with, so the world is in chaos. Therefore, for the upper part, it obscures the brilliance of the sun and the moon, for the lower part, it dissolves the essence of the mountains and rivers, and in the center it destroys the alternation of the four hours. The pursuit of ingenuity to disrupt the world has reached such a point! This has been the case since the Xia, Shang, and Third dynasties, abandoning the many simple people, and preferring the cunning and cunning villains; Abandon the idyllic natural fashion, and like the endless preaching. The incessant preaching has messed up the world!

This article is still mainly about the way of life. There are many stories written in the article that are not easy to live in and the world is full of troubles, hoping to find the best way, but its main spirit is still to be selfless and inactive.

The full text is divided into nine parts. The first part goes to "It is the Land of Morality", which writes that the mountains and trees are useless but can be preserved and the geese cannot sing and are therefore killed, which shows that it is difficult to find a perfect way, and the best way can only be to enslave foreign things without being enslaved by them, and float in the "ancestor of all things" and "moral land". This section is the most important for revealing the theme of the text. The second part, "which can harm it", points out that the coveting of power will inevitably lead to disputes and will inevitably bring disaster, and only "self-emptiness" can eliminate trouble and avoid disaster. In the third part, to "And the situation is great", the story of making a bell through the metaphor of the story should not be confined to things, and what is really needed is to obey nature. In the fourth part, to "And the situation is human", it is written that Confucius was surrounded between Chen and Cai, explaining how difficult the world is, and "cutting the traces and donating power" and "not for fame" are the ways of life. The fifth part, "Fixation is not waiting for things", through the dialogue between Confucius and Sang Yun, further puts forward the proposition of fate and spontaneity, that is, to act according to nature and indulge in nature. In the sixth part, "This Comparison of Dry Views Dissects the Heart and Recruits Yefu", it is written about Zhuangzi's poverty, but the reason is that "here is between the faint and chaotic phases". The seventh part ends with "the death of the saint," through the attitude of Confucius when he was besieged, it shows that the saint can be safe and easy in the face of adversity. The eighth part goes to "I am not in court", borrowing a series of Zhuangzi allusions to the fact that the world is always in constant struggle. The remainder is the ninth part, which illustrates the importance of forgetfulness through an interesting little story.

As Zhuangzi walked through the mountains, he saw a large tree with lush branches and leaves, and the loggers stayed by the tree but did not cut it down. Ask them what the reason is, and say, "It's useless." Zhuangzi said, "This tree can enjoy its longevity because it does not become a tree!" Zhuangzi went out of the mountains and stayed at a friend's house. His friend was glad and told the boy servant to kill the goose and entertain him. The servant asked his master, "One can only scream, but the other cannot scream, so which one will you kill?" The master said, "Kill the one who can't scream." The next day, the disciple asked Zhuangzi: "Yesterday I met a big tree in the mountains, because it did not grow and could enjoy the end of the day, and now the master's goose has been killed because it has not become a tree; What will you do, sir? ”

Zhuangzi smiled: "I will be in the middle of becoming a finished product and not being a finished product. Between the finished and the ungrown, it seems to be in harmony with the avenue but not really in harmony with the avenue, so this cannot be free from restraint and fatigue. This is not the case if you can play freely in accordance with nature. There is no praise or denigration, sometimes soaring like a dragon and sometimes stinging like a snake, changing with the passage of time, and not wanting to be stuck in one aspect; Sometimes enterprising and sometimes retreating, everything is measured by conformity, living in the initial state of all things contentedly, enslaving external things, but not being enslaved by external things, so how can we be bound and tired by external things? This is the principle of Shennong and the Yellow Emperor. As for the true feelings of all things, this is not the case with the transmission of human beings. There is aggregation and segregation, and there is success and destruction; Sharp edges and corners will be frustrated, Zun Xian will be overturned, promising will be lost, virtuous will be calculated, and incompetent will also be bullied, how can you be stuck in a certain aspect! Pathetic! Remember, disciples, I'm afraid you can only return to nature! ”

Shinan Yiyi visited Lu Hou, and Lu Zhu was gloomy on the front. Shinan Yiyi said: "The monarch's face is gloomy, why? Lu Hou said: "I learned the methods of the first kings to govern the country and inherited the cause of the first king; I revere the spirits and gods, respect the virtuous, and practice them without a short pause, but they are still not exempt from calamity, and I am worried because of this. ”

Shinan Yiyi said: "Your method of eliminating worries is too shallow! The big fox with rich fur and the leopard with spotted patterns inhabit the deep mountains and old forests, lurking in caves and caves, which is meditation; Acting at night and resting during the day is vigilance; Even if you are hungry and thirsty, you can hide and lurk, and you have to stay away from all kinds of footprints to seek food on the rivers and lakes, which is also stable; However, it is still not immune from the scourge of nets and institutions. What is the sin of these two animals? It is their own fur that brings disaster to them. Isn't today's Lu country the fur that brought disaster to your Lu Jun? I want you to empty your body and abandon your fur, cleanse your mind and get rid of your desires, and then wander away in the wilderness where there are no human beings. There is a city in the far south, called the country of Jiande. The people there are pure and simple, with few selfish desires; knows how to farm but does not know reserves, and never wants to give anything to others; I don't understand the destination of righteousness, I don't know where etiquette goes; Do whatever you want, and you can walk on the avenue separately; They were happy in life, and they were buried in peace when they died. I hope that you will also give up the politics of the country and give up the world, so as to complement the great road. ”

Lu Hou said: "The roads there are far and difficult, and there are rivers and mountains to block them, and I have no available boats and cars, what should I do?" Shinan Yiyi said: "Don't be arrogant, don't stick to it, you can use this as your car." Lu Hou said: "The road there is dark and remote and uninhabited, who am I neighbors with?" I don't have food, I don't have food, how can I get there? ”

Shinan said: "Reduce your consumption and control your desires, even if there is no food, it is sufficient." You cross the river and float in the sea, you can't see the end of the bank at a glance, and the further you go, the more you don't know the end of it. The people who saw them off are all back from the riverbank, and you are getting farther and farther away! Therefore those who rule over others must be tired, and those who are subject to others must be worried. And Tang Yao never served others, nor was he controlled by others. I hope to relieve your fatigue and sorrows, and to wander alone with the Great Dao in the kingdom of Taixu. and two boats crossed the river, and suddenly an empty boat collided, and even the most narrow-minded and hot-tempered man would not be angry; If there was a man in that boat, there would be a loud shout and shouting at the boat to retreat; If there is no response to the shouting once, there is no response to the second shouting, so if you shout the third time, you will surely curse endlessly. I didn't lose my temper just now and now I get angry, it's because the ship was empty just now, but now there are people on board. If a person can let things go freely and freely in the world, who can hurt him! ”

Confucius was besieged between the states of Chen and Cai, and could not light a fire to cook for seven days and seven nights. The prince went to visit him and said, "You're dying of hunger, aren't you?" Confucius said, "Yes." Taigong Ren asked again: "Do you hate death?" Confucius replied, "Yes." ”

Taigong Ren said: "Let me talk about the method of immortality. There is a bird that lives in the East China Sea, and its name is Yixi. As a bird, it flies very slowly, as if it can't fly; They always have to be guided by other birds, and when they roost, they are crowded with other birds; Don't dare to fly in front when you advance, and don't dare to fall behind when you retreat; They don't dare to move their mouths when eating, and they always eat what other birds have leftover, so they are never excluded from the flock, and people will not hurt them after all, so they can avoid disaster. Straight trees are always cut down first, and sweet well water is always dried up first. Your intention is to dress up very skillfully in order to frighten ordinary people, to pay attention to cultivation in order to show the filth of others, and to show off unabashedly that you are walking with the sun and the moon in your hands, so you are not exempt from calamity. Once upon a time, I heard Lao Tzu of the Holy Virtue Hongbo say, 'He who boasts of himself will not accomplish meritorious deeds; Those who have achieved meritorious deeds but do not know how to retire will surely be ruined, and those whose fame is prominent but do not know the obscurity of Taoguang will be damaged. 'Who can abandon fame and restore it to the same as ordinary people!' The avenue is widely spread, and the individual is in seclusion, morality prevails in the world, and the individual hides his reputation and shines in his name; simple and ordinary, like a foolish man; Cut off the traces and give up power, and do not seek fame. Therefore, they will not condemn others, and others will not blame themselves. People with extremely high moral cultivation do not seek to be famous in the world, why do you prefer fame? ”

Confucius said, "That's a good point! So he said goodbye to his friends and friends, left many disciples, and fled to the mountains and wilderness; clothed in linen cloth made of animal skins, and ate the fruit of oak and chestnut trees; When entering the herd of beasts, the beasts are not chaotic, and when they enter the flocks of birds, the birds are not chaotic. Birds and beasts don't hate him, let alone people!

Confucius asked Sang Yun: "I was expelled twice in the state of Lu, humiliated by the felling of trees in the state of Song, eradicated in the state of Wei, destitute in the land of Shang and Zhou, and besieged between the state of Chen and the state of Cai. I have suffered so many calamities, my relatives and friends have become more and more estranged, and my disciples and friends have become more separated. ”

Sang Yun replied, "Haven't you heard of the flight of the fake countryman? Lin Hui gave up the jade worth a thousand gold and ran away with the baby on his back. Some people say, 'Is he in it for money?' The newborn baby is worth too little and too little; Was he afraid of dragging down? Newborn babies are too much of a drag. Abandon the precious jade and run away with the baby on your back, for what? Lin Hui said: "Biyu, which is worth a thousand gold, is in line with my interests, and this child is connected with me by nature." 'Those who share interests will forsake one another in the face of distress and calamity, sorrow and hurt; Those who are connected by nature will tolerate each other in the face of distress, calamity, sorrow and injury. The difference between mutual containment and mutual abandonment is too far away. Moreover, the friendship of the gentleman is as light as clear water, and the friendship of the villain is as sweet as sweet wine; The gentleman is indifferent but close-hearted, and the villain is sweet but resolute. Whoever is close to union for no reason will also be separated for no reason. Confucius said, "I will listen to your advice from the bottom of my heart!" So he left slowly, walked back leisurely, stopped his studies and discarded the books, none of the disciples were in front of the students, but their respect for the teacher was even deeper.

One day, Sang Yun said again: "When Shun was about to die, he told Xia Yu with the truth: 'You have to be vigilant! The body is not as good as conforming, and the emotion is not as good as being honest. If you comply, you will not deviate, and if you are honest, you will not toil; If you don't deviate from it, you don't need to dress up your body with ornaments; There is no need for ornamentation to correct the body, and of course, there is no need to ask for external objects. ’”

Confucius was trapped between Chen and Cai, and could not light a fire to eat for seven days, leaning on a dead tree with his left hand, striking a dead branch with his right hand, and singing a ballad of the Shennong era, but the percussion did not conform to the rhythm of the music, and the sound of percussion did not conform to the five-tone scale, and the sound of knocking wood and singing were clearly distinguished, and it appropriately expressed the singer's heart.

Yan Hui stood respectfully on the side, turned his face and looked at it secretly. Confucius was really worried that he would think too highly of his morality and reach the greatest state, and that he would be sad because he cherished himself, so he said: "Yan Hui, it is easy not to be harmed by nature, but it is more difficult not to accept the benefits of others." There is no beginning or end in the world, and man and nature are the same. And who will be the one who sings now? ”

Yan Hui said: "I take the liberty to ask what it means to be free from natural damage. Confucius said: "Hunger, thirst, severe cold, heat, and the shackles of poverty make people and things inaccessible, which is the operation of heaven and earth, the change of all things, and it means that it will pass with the changes of heaven and earth and all things." Ministers dare not disobey the will of the king. The truth of being a courtier is still like this, let alone treating nature in such a way! ”

Yan Hui asked again: "What is the meaning of not accepting other people's profits, which is more difficult?" Confucius said: "When I was first appointed, I felt that everything was smooth, and there was no end to the arrival of the title and the title of Yulu, and the benefits brought by external things did not belong to me, but my opportunities existed in external things for a while." A gentleman will not rob, and a wise man will not steal. If I want to gain the benefit of foreign things, for what? Therefore, there is no bird more intelligent than a swallow, and when it sees a place where it is not suitable to rest, it will never cast a second look, and even if it drops food, it will abandon it and fly away. Swallows are very afraid of people, but they enter the circle of human life, but they only temporarily store their nests in people's houses. ”

Yan Hui asked again: "What does it mean that there is no beginning, but at the same time and at the end?" Confucius said: "It is impossible for all things to know who has replaced whom and who has been replaced by whom, so how can we know their end?" And how can you know where they began? It's just that the right path changes according to the changes. ”

Yan Hui asked again: "What does it mean that man and nature are originally the same?" Confucius said, "The emergence of human beings is due to nature; Nature arises, and it is also due to nature. It is impossible for man to have a natural nature, which is also determined by the inherent nature of man, and the saint understands it peacefully and ends with the changes of nature! ”

Zhuangzi was playing in the chestnut forest of Diaoling Tomb, and saw a strange magpie flying from the south, with wings as wide as seven feet and eyes as big as an inch, touching Zhuangzi's forehead and resting in the fruit grove. Zhuangzi said, "What kind of bird is this, with big wings but can't fly far, big eyes but not sharp eyesight?" So he lifted his clothes and walked forward quickly, holding a slingshot and quietly waiting for the opportunity. At this moment, I suddenly saw a cicada, resting beautifully in the thick shade of a tree, forgetting its own safety; A praying mantis uses leaves as a concealment to pounce on the cicada when it sees an opportunity, and the praying mantis forgets its own form when it sees that it is about to succeed; The strange magpie followed suit, believing that it was a perfect time, and that it was about to catch the praying mantis and lost its true nature. Zhuangzi was frightened and vigilant and said, "Ah, this is how things in the world are originally involved and competing with each other, and the two kinds of things are always attracted by profit!" Zhuangzi then threw away the slingshot and turned to walk quickly, and the guards of the chestnut garden chased after him in bewilderment.

When Zhuangzi returned home, he was in a bad mood for three days. The disciple Lin He followed and asked, "Why has Sir been so unhappy for the past few days?" Zhuangzi said: "I have forgotten my own safety in the form of unexpected objects, and I have been confused by the clear pools of water while viewing the turbid waters." And I heard from the old teacher: 'Everywhere you go, you have to follow the customs and taboos there.' Now that I have come to the Carved Chestnut Garden, I have forgotten my own safety, and the strange magpie has touched my forehead, and when I am playing in the fruit grove, I have lost my true nature, and the people in charge of the garden do not understand me and insult me, so I feel very unhappy. ”

Yang Zhu went to the Song Kingdom and stayed in a hotel. The innkeeper had two concubines, one of whom was beautiful and the other ugly, but the ugly ones were pampered and the beautiful ones were cold. Yang Zhu asked him why, and the young shopkeeper replied, "The beautiful one thinks she is beautiful, but I don't think she is beautiful; The ugly-looking one thinks he's ugly, but I don't think he's ugly. Yoko turned to his disciples and said, "Remember, disciples! If you are virtuous but do not think you have virtuous conduct, you will not be respected and loved wherever you go! ”

I only heard that the world was allowed to develop in peace, but I did not hear that the world should be governed. Allowing the world to develop freely is because of the fear that people have transcended their original nature; Tolerance is not forced to get what it wants, because people are worried that people have changed the normal state of nature. If the people of the world do not transcend the original true nature and do not change the normal state of nature, where can they govern the world! In the past, Tang Yao ruled the world, making the people of the world ecstatic, and everyone was happy for having his true nature, which was uneasy; At that time, Xia Ji ruled the world, which made the people of the world worried, and everyone was suffering for having his true nature, which was not happy. Restlessness and unhappiness are not the norm in people's lives and lives. It does not conform to the normal state of nature and can exist for a long time, but there is no such thing in the world.

If people are overjoyed, they will definitely damage the yang energy; When people are overly angry, they will damage the yin qi. Yin and yang invade each other, and the four seasons will not follow, and the cold and heat will not be reconciled, which may hurt itself! It makes people happy and angry but loses normality, there are no rules for residence, they don't know the essentials of considering problems, and they lose their rules halfway to do anything, so all kinds of injustices begin to appear in the world, and then there are thieves, Zeng Shen, and history. and so on. Therefore, it is not enough to mobilize all the forces in the world to reward people for doing good, and it is not enough to mobilize all the forces in the world to punish bad deeds, so although the world is very large, it is not enough to reward good and punish evil. Since the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties, they have always chattered about rewarding the good and punishing the evil as the urgent task of the government, and where do they have the heart to settle people's natural nature and true feelings!

In the past, the Yellow Emperor used benevolence and righteousness to disturb people's hearts, and Yao Shun was so tired that there was no meat on his thighs and no hair on his calves, which was used to support the body of people all over the world; I worked hard to practice righteousness and righteousness, and painstakingly worked hard to formulate etiquette laws, but I still couldn't change people's hearts. So, Yao exiled Zhen Dou to Chongshan and Sanmiao to San? , exile the co-workers to the hidden capital, so that the world will not be cured. The implementation of benevolence and righteousness to the three generations (Xia, Shang and Zhou), the world was greatly disturbed, there were Xia Ji thieves, there were Zeng Shen Shi fish, and the controversy between Confucianism and Mo arose. As a result, the likes and anger are suspicious, the foolish and the wise bully each other, the good and the bad criticize each other, the absurd and the honest ridicule each other, and the atmosphere of the world has declined since then. Great virtue is divided, and natural nature is scattered. The world loves ingenuity, and the people have more entanglements. Therefore, they used axes and saws to sanction, rituals to kill, and punishments to execute.

The world is in turmoil, and the sin is to disturb people's hearts. Therefore, the sages all lived in seclusion under the deep rocks of the mountains, and the kings of all vehicles were also worried and trembling day and night above the temples. In today's world, the bones of the dead are pillowing on each other, people wearing torture instruments are pushing and crowding on the road, and the victims are full of people. At this time, the Confucianists and Mo disciples ran and cried out in the shackles. Alas, enough! They are so ashamed and shameless! I don't know that sage is not a wedge of shackles, and I don't know that righteousness is not a gouge of shackles! (Actually, exactly) how do you know that Zeng Shen and Shi Yu are not the forerunners of Xia Wei and thieves! Therefore, it is said that "abandon wisdom and ingenuity, and the world can be governed." ”

The Yellow Emperor has been the Son of Heaven for 19 years, and the decree is all over the world, and suddenly heard that Guangchengzi lives on the Hollow Mountain, so he went to see him and said: "I heard that Mr. You have reached the Tao, please ask the spirit of the Tao." I want to absorb the essence of heaven and earth to help grow grains and nourish the people; I want to control yin and yang to conform to all living beings, how about it? Guang Chengzi said, "What you want to ask is the essence of things; What you want to control is the dregs of things. Since the time when you ruled the world, it rained before the clouds could condense, the grass and trees withered before they withered and yellowed, and the brilliance of the sun and the moon was even more dull. How can you, a man of such a cruel state of mind, be qualified to talk about the Tao? The Yellow Emperor retreated. After returning, he abandoned the political affairs of the world, built a separate room, used white thatch as a sleeping seat, and lived idle for three months, and then went to consult for advice.

Guangchengzi was lying facing south, and the Yellow Emperor knelt down the wind and stepped forward, and after bowing repeatedly, he asked: "I heard that Mr. heard the truth, how can I cultivate my body to live a long life?" Guang Chengzi jumped up and said, "You asked well! Come! I tell you the Word. The essence of the Tao, far-reaching and secret; The ultimate of the Tao, silent and submerged. Ignore and listen, keep quiet, and be physically healthy; Calm your mind, don't strain your body, don't drain your spirit, and you can live forever.

Don't look at anything, don't listen to anything, don't think about anything, your spirit can protect your body, and your body can live forever. Guard the silence of your heart, forsake the distractions outside of you, and be wise and clever in all your life. I will help you reach the realm of the Ming Dynasty and reach the root of the 'Zhiyang', and help you enter the far-reaching path to the root of the 'Zhiyin'. Heaven and earth each perform their duties, yin and yang each dwell in their own place, carefully protect yourself, and all things will naturally prosper. I hold on to the purity of the 'Supreme Dao' and grasp the harmony of the 'Supreme Dao', so I have cultivated my body for 1,200 years, and my body has not aged yet. ”

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