Chapter 65: Character Terminal: Test of Natural Disasters

Zhao Jinli came to Shazhou Wei (Dunhuang) and looked at the city with a telescope, and felt a little embarrassed. He found that there were not only Mongol soldiers in the city, but also many men, women, and children, and the people in the city were all in the city and defended the city together.

However, Zhao Jinli gritted his teeth and said in his heart that no matter what, today Lao Tzu must take Shazhou Wei (Dunhuang). After reading the city defense, Zhao Jinli came back to convene a meeting of the officers and said, "Everyone, I believe that there is no kind of city that can stop us." But today we encountered a special situation, not only the Mongol soldiers who defended the city, but also the Mongol people in the city. My tactics are to surround the city without one, and after bombarding the city gates with artillery fire, do not rush into the city immediately, and leave time for the people to escape. ”

An officer said: "Commander, we can't divide the Mongolian soldiers into any kind of people when we fight, as long as they have weapons, they must be killed." Otherwise, we will suffer! ”

"That's right! You're right, as long as you resist with weapons after entering the city, you will be killed, and you must not be soft. Zhao Jinli said, "However, you also think about it, the people here regard this Shazhou Wei as their home, so they came out to fight with us." This kind of thing may happen in future battles, and we must be prepared. But there is one thing, as long as you live here honestly and do not resist, no matter what kind of tribe you are, you are not allowed to harass. Their opposition to us is a lack of understanding of us, and this mistrust must not be exacerbated. ”

Some officers disagreed, saying: "Commander, to deal with foreigners, you must first kill the honest and then adopt a policy of softness." When you say that you have entered the city, it is not easy to say whether it is obedient or disobedient. What to do with the brethren? ”

"Listen to me, when you enter the city, as long as you do not attack us, you are not allowed to harass us. Violators will be beheaded immediately! Zhao Jinli knew that such an order must be strictly enforced, otherwise, the red-eyed soldiers would be unable to hold back. If you make things bigger, you won't be able to manage such a city in the future. Without the people, an empty city is a dead city.

Zhao Jinli commanded everyone to surround Shazhou Wei (Dunhuang) from the southeast and north, and after the soldiers assembled the dismantled mortars and infantry guns, and sent a soldier who could speak Mongolian to shout, which meant that they should open the city and surrender, and we would guarantee the safety of your lives.

But the other party called from the city with a "bang", and a cannon was an answer.

There was no way, outside the east gate, Zhao Jinli ordered to use infantry guns to aim directly at the city gate, and the city gate was blown to pieces with two cannons, and then the mortars fired the shells at the city wall, and the shells "roared" and the guards and people on the city wall flew around. Not to mention the Mongolian people here, even the Mongolian soldiers have seen such dense and terrifying shells. Then the heavy machine guns of the Yaogang people directly blocked the battlements on the city wall, and the Mongols did not dare to show their heads. With a wave of his hand, Zhao Jinli drove a company of cavalry to the city gate quickly, shooting at the city gate while rushing into the city gate. After entering the city, they rushed up to the gate building while constantly strafing, and soon occupied the city gate building. Zhao Jinli led a large group of men and horses into the east gate, and after entering the gate, Zhao Jinli commanded everyone to climb the city wall first and kill along the city wall to both sides.

In fact, the Mongol soldiers defending the city of Shazhou were less than 1,000 old and weak soldiers, and those who could fight followed the attack on Jiayuguan. However, Shazhou Wei is the center of this vicinity, there is a 10,000 household stationed here, and there are many 10,000 households in the city. Yesterday they received news from the Han that they had occupied Guazhou. The Mongols did not believe this in any way as a fact. Because he knew that Gu Shi Khan had mobilized a large number of soldiers and horses to attack Jiayuguan, and Wanhu saw the dust raised by the Mongolian iron cavalry covering the sky, how could he let the Han people fight here instead. But if you don't believe it, you can't do it, and the person who sent the letter escaped from Guazhou. Wan Hu understood that if he lost his fiefdom here, he would be like a wild wolf on the grassland. Therefore, it is absolutely impossible to give up Shazhou Wei (Dunhuang), and 10,000 households mobilized overnight to mobilize the tribal people to live and die with Shazhou Wei. Since most of the people living in the city were Mongols, almost all men, women, and children went to the city to participate in the defense. They will defend their homeland to the death. Many of them have heard or experienced the tragic outcome of the defeat of their tribe and the slaughter of others. Those who defend the city are determined to fight to the death. As a result of the education they received from an early age, the Mongols believed too much in their own combat abilities and considered the Han Chinese to be vulnerable to the Mongols.

But unexpectedly, as soon as the Mongols who were defending the city began to understand what was going on, the city gate was blown up, and then the terrifying cannonballs blew many of them away from the city wall. This battle has not yet been fought, and that's it. The living Mongols tried to fight with whomever they wanted to find no one. But when they were still in shock, the Han Chinese entered the city, and soon occupied the east gate tower, and then killed all the Mongols in the east city.

Although the Mongols did not understand how the battle could be fought like this, they knew that they could not withstand it, and if they did not run, they would be killed without even knowing where the enemy was. The Mongols finally knew that there was no one at Simon, and they fled to Simon as much as they could.

Zhao Jinli gave them plenty of time to escape. It wasn't until there was no more escape that Zhao Jinli commanded everyone to enter the city. Most of the people left in the city were not Mongols, and when the Mongols were there, they were also the most inferior people in the city, basically serving the Mongols, barely earning some money to make ends meet. Although they were frightened when they saw the Han people coming in, they had nowhere to escape. Unlike the Mongols, they had a head to run after going out, and they could have pastures for grazing. If they escape, they will starve to death.

After Zhao Jinli and the others entered the city, they also found that those who remained in the city were all very miserable, so they asked the soldiers to take out some food to help them. Running away from the Mongols, they also have no financial resources, which is another problem. After Zhou Yuji and Li Kui entered the city, they studied this problem with them. It was unanimously agreed that they could be given some of the seizures, and that they could not starve to death because we came. The army left behind here, in addition to defense, must also take care of the people here. Without the people, the city is not a city.

Out of Xining, Ningde and Zhang Xun each led a group of people, all the way along the north of Qinghai Lake, all the way along the south of Qinghai Lake, to the west, on the way they met the Mongols they met, in the future this place will be under the jurisdiction of the Yaogang people, if you want to graze here, you must obey the management of the Yaogang people, otherwise please leave here immediately. If you don't obey the management, don't leave, the next time I see you, kill!

How could the proud Mongols obey the management of the Han Chinese, most of them were ready to leave. However, there are also a few people who see Han people swinging knives regardless of life or death. The end can be imagined. There are also a few Mongolians who are really reluctant to go, they can't do without the fertile grasslands fed by the blood, snow and water of the Qilian Mountains, and they promise to be willing to obey the management of the Yaogang people. They knew that they would have to obey the management of the leaders elsewhere, and they would be under the control of the Han people, and no matter how bad they were, they would not be much worse. So there was still a part of the Mongols who remained.

Dulan is an important town on the Qinghai Silk Road of the "Tangbo Ancient Road", Chongzhen ten years here was occupied by the West Mongolia and Shuote Department, here became the West and Shuote Department of the pastureland. Dulan is not yet a large-scale city, and it is inhabited by people of various ethnic groups such as Mongolia and Tibet. Apart from a rammed wall, there was not even a decent fortification. Because the powerful Heshute tribe did not believe that anyone would come to provoke their Mongol iron cavalry, they always believed that if there were really intruders who could not use them to attack, they would be trampled by the Mongol iron cavalry, so they would not build a strong city and hide in it by themselves like the cowardly Han Chinese. However, after the disastrous defeat of the Xihe Shuote Division's attack on Xining, they fled back to Dulan and understood how ridiculous their blind self-confidence was. They were dumbfounded when they kept getting the Han Chinese to attack them in the direction of Dulan. They know too well the strength of the Han people who are chasing them, this Dulan has no danger to rely on, if they wait for the Han people to fight, they will only wait for the result of being slaughtered by the remaining remnants of the defeated army.

So, without waiting for the arrival of the Han army, the Mongols played to the strengths of the nomads and prepared to leave. But when they left, they looted the neighbors they lived with.

Although the people of the other ethnic groups in Dulan did not understand the Han Chinese, they also thought that no matter how bad they were, they could not be worse than the Mongols, so they did not leave.

After Ning De and Zhang Xun led the team to meet in front of Dulan, they entered Dulan without much effort. They faced the looted Dulan, as well as the people in the city, who had no food or clothing. The first thing they did was to pacify the people and provide relief.

Ningde sent a telegram to the officers who remained in Xining, asking him to organize a large amount of grain to be transported to Dulan by camel to help the people of Dulan overcome the current crisis. It would be nice to wait until autumn when the wheat barley is harvested here.

Zhang Zhimu took time out during this time and asked Yangchang to bring them over with the oscilloscope and digital circuits, and gave them the task of developing a character display terminal.

These people, including Yangchang, have never heard of the character display terminal, Zhang Zhimu told them: "The character display terminal is a device that we can use the keyboard keys to display the corresponding characters of the keys pressed on the CRT monitor." In the past, we implemented the digital display of pressed characters after the key, but this time we are going to make a more complex keyboard. This kind of keyboard not only has numbers, but also 26 letters, as well as up and down keys, flip up, flip down, insert, delete, enter and wrap keys, cursor up and down, left and right keys, and so on. All keyboard encoding is ASCIII encoding. ”

When Zhang Zhimu said this, he saw that everyone was a little confused, so he smiled and said: "Everyone don't have to worry, our things will not be complicated to do little by little." ”

First of all, Zhang Zhimu showed you a keyboard decoding circuit diagram, this keyboard outputs eight-digit ASCII code through decoding, and then serializes output to the display terminal. With the foundation of the previous circuit, it is relatively easy for everyone to understand these, and the general idea can keep up with Zhang Zhimu's explanation. Of course, they need to study it again when they go back.

However, in the CRT part in the back, Zhang Zhimu designed it with great effort, and it was also difficult to tell everyone about it.

Zhang Zhimu first reviewed the field synchronization and frame synchronization signals of the display. Since I have worked on oscilloscopes before, this is not unfamiliar to everyone.

Zhang Zhimu told everyone that our future monitors will display 80 characters per line, a total of 24 lines. This makes each screen 1,920 characters. Each character is composed of five horizontal dots and seven vertical dots, two blanking dots between the characters, and three blank blank blanking scan lines between lines.

The screen has (5+2)x80=560 dots in landscape orientation

The dot-line scan line has (7+3)x24=240 rows

If we display a field period of 20ms and a line period of 64us, then 20ms/64us = 312.5 lines

The lateral positive scanning time of the monitor is 52us, leaving 1us at the beginning and end of the scan not be displayed, which is for aesthetic reasons. Then the transverse time of 560 points occupies all 50us forward time, then the transverse time of each point is 50us/560 points = 89.3

s/point

Time occupied by a character (5+2) x 89.3

s=0.625us

In order to display characters on the display, we also need a character generator.

This character generator consists of a character lattice, a decoder, and a parallel string shift register.

We input ASCII code decoding through the eight-digit address code to select the character dot matrix, and then select the dot matrix address through the three-line selection decoder, read the corresponding dot matrix information to the parallel serial shift register, and then output to the monitor through serial output, and display the light and dark dot matrix on the screen.

We can see that it takes seven scans to display a line of characters on the screen. During each line scan, in addition to providing a line-select signal to the character generator, it is also necessary to provide the ASCII code to the character generator at the speed of character display (0.625us/word) in the forward path of the scan, so that one character can be displayed seven times.

Controllers built entirely in hardware include lattice line counters, character line counters, line scan counters, character counters, and decoders.

Zhang Zhimu introduced the concept of display memory to everyone, and told everyone that the SACII code of the input character output by the keyboard is placed in the display memory. The content of the display memory corresponds to the screen display characters, and the controller sends the ASCII code to the character generator according to the content of the display memory. The address of the display memory is controlled by the controller, which provides a refresh address to the display memory at the speed of the character counter, and sends an ASCII code to the character generator at the speed of the character counter under the control of the read-write control line. Each line of character addresses is cleared after seven repetitions.

Each ASCII code input on the keyboard, the controller will decode and distinguish whether it is a control code or a character, whether the character is written into the display memory, and the control code is used to complete the control action, such as moving the cursor.

Zhang Zhimu spent a few days and a lot of effort to introduce the character display terminal to Yangchang and them. Yangchang and a group of them also have a general understanding of what a character display terminal is. Zhang Zhimu handed them a bunch of drawings and detailed calculated materials, and said to Yangchang: "If you build this display terminal, I will also find Li Yunhe to develop a typewriter." What is the use of this display terminal now? ”

"I think it's better to use them as a telegraph terminal, and with this thing, you can send them automatically. Even the receiving of reports can be automatic. "Yangchang has a good understanding.

"You're right, so that the content of the telegram can be typed out on the screen, and there is no problem with careful inspection, and it can be sent out quickly. If there is a machine that automatically receives telegrams, it can also be displayed with this thing. Zhang Zhimu said, "In the future, with the Chinese character terminal, you can also directly display the Chinese characters." The internal coding of the telegram code can be done automatically by the machine. ”

"Come on! Mr. Zhang, I think your target is still a computer. "To be honest, we are also looking forward to computers. ”

"The development of this thing will help us a lot in developing computers, and it will be like a tiger with this thing. It's too much effort to rely entirely on digital displays. Zhang Zhimu said.

But Zhang Zhimu didn't have time to ask Li Yunhe to send someone to make a typewriter, and the matter came. Lu Bingyi, Li Mao, and Li Yan were the last to rush back to Yaogang, and they all brought bad news, and it rained heavily in Hanyang and Hanzhong. , the situation is not good. On the Yangtze River, except for the power boats in Yaogang that dared to come out, a ship had already found a place to hide.

Lu Chengxiang couldn't stay stunned, and personally supervised the reinforcement of granaries in Henan, Huguang, and Nanzhili. Everyone was nervous. In the past, there were disasters and difficulties in these places, and the people of Yaogang did their best to support them. But it is not an easy matter for the young kiln regime to shoulder all the responsibility. The whole kiln gang was mobilized. Zhang Zhimu has already issued a notice to Baotou, Ordos, and Hexi to prepare to receive a large number of refugees. At the end of June, telegrams of heavy rain were sent from all over the country. The national map of the Yaogang Command Center uses flags of various colors to mark the weather conditions in various places. The top management of Yaogang held an emergency meeting, and after summarizing the situation, Yaogang issued a general mobilization order, and all the military and civilians entered a state of first-level readiness, requiring the army and the people to unite and fight, and victory is about to come to disaster. Ask everyone not to panic in case of trouble, and the kiln gang headquarters assures everyone that no matter how big the disaster is, everyone will not go hungry. In this way, after the news was broadcast, the people's hearts in various places quickly stabilized. All parties were shocked by the promise of Yaogang, and only Yaogang people dared to make such a guarantee at such a time. Because no one knows how big the disaster can be, all parties admire the courage of the kiln workers, but also worry that the kiln workers are talking too much.

However, the kiln workers did not have time to think about this, and the straw weaving factory was open day and night, and the woven straw bags were constantly transported out and sent to various places in need of flood control. Even the sack factories stopped work to remodel the machines and started weaving straw bags. The grass is transported into the kiln with wagons, and the straw bags are also transported out of the kiln with wagons. Locals also strengthened the embankment under the command of local officials. Some canned food, compressed biscuits, and instant noodles stored in the kiln were also shipped to various places. All the people who participated in the flood fighting and rescue work were free of charge and of guaranteed quality. The notice issued by the kiln gang is: to ensure the safety of the people's lives as much as possible, the house has collapsed, and the house can be rebuilt if it is gone. But when people are gone, there is nothing. In the face of the catastrophe, the people in the disaster area heard such a slogan for the first time. For the first time, they felt that there were still people who valued their lives.

All the troops living in various parts of Yaogang participated in the reinforcement of the embankment. Where there is danger, there is an army. The speedboats of Yaogang all sailed to the Huai River and the Yangtze River, and only they could enter in the rush.

However, the disaster was more serious than everyone thought, and the Wei River and the Fen River also flooded at the same time. The Hutuo River reservoir project is also facing a test. For a time, it was necessary to save everywhere. The news of Yaogang broadcasts the disaster situation in various places every day.

Emperor Chongzhen stood in front of the radio every day, and his mood was very complicated. Many places where water is sent are under the jurisdiction of the Yaogang people, and now he doesn't have to worry about the disaster. He was glad that if he had these places in his hands, he would have nothing to do. Now it's up to you guys to do it! This is not something that can be done with a little silver, and after the catastrophe, you kiln gang people will wait to be scolded! However, Emperor Chongzhen was still shocked that the people of Yaogang shouted the slogan that no one would starve to death, which required a lot of courage to dare to shout such a slogan at such a time. From the bottom of his heart, Emperor Chongzhen hoped that the people of Yaogang could bear this disaster.

The Ming Dynasty has been dry for decades, and this time it seems that God wants to make up for all the rain owed in these days, and there are heavy rains everywhere. The middle and lower reaches of the Huai River soon overflowed, but fortunately, the low-lying areas have been evacuated, and there are not a few people. There were not too many dead and wounded. Then the flood peak of the Yangtze River also arrived, not only many places on both sides of the Yangtze River were affected, but also aggravated the disaster of the Huai River, because because the Yellow River seized the Huai River into the sea, the Huai River did not enter the sea, but flowed into the Yangtze River. As soon as the water level of the Yangtze River is high, the river water will flow backwards, and if the water level of the Huai River is raised, the flooded area will be very large. In such a disaster, there is no choice but to try their best to rescue people and reduce the loss of life.

The banks of the Yellow River then rushed to the forefront. Hundreds of thousands of people went to the dam to reinforce the embankment and fight floods and rescue people.

The radio station in Yaogang also continued to broadcast this miserable scene. Emperor Chongzhen was very uneasy when he heard this, but he really had no choice. At this time, Gonggong Li sent back a proposal written by the kiln gang people, and Emperor Chongzhen took it to see that it was a proposal for the diversion of the Yellow River. Emperor Chongzhen didn't want to watch it anymore, he had seen too many such pieces before. Everybody says it's a good thing, but it takes a lot of silver to do it. During the stable years, the imperial court could not come up with such a huge sum of money, let alone at this time. The kiln people wanted to do this because they thought they had some money in their hands, but compared to such a project, it would be far from enough.

However, Emperor Chongzhen saw that the paper used for the proposal of the kiln was very good, snow-white as snow, delicate and smooth. And it is printed in lead letters, and it seems that the kiln people have spent a lot of effort. Emperor Chongzhen smiled, picked up the proposal, and opened it. At a glance, Emperor Chongzhen couldn't help but look down. The work done by the kiln gang people is simply too detailed, and the proposal is full of pictures and texts, introducing their plan. The pros and cons of this project are also demonstrated. What interests Emperor Chongzhen the most is that the Yaogang people's suggestion is that as long as the imperial court comes forward to complete the relocation of the land occupied by the new river, the other expenses will be borne by the Yaogang people themselves. Even the compensation for relocation can be borne by the kiln workers. He also said that the best time to start construction is just after the current flood, because there will be a large number of victims who have nowhere to make a living, and the construction will give them a chance to go to the construction site to make a living. This is a great opportunity to do cash-for-work.

For such a good thing that has been famous for thousands of years, and he doesn't have to spend his own money, how can Emperor Chongzhen not be tempted. Emperor Chongzhen invited the courtiers to discuss such a matter, and everyone was very interested in doing such a big thing without spending money. Before it happened, someone had already asked to go out and take charge of the relocation work. However, the ministers were all interested in what the kiln workers said in the proposal that they could make some compensation for the land that had been moved. They know that this is not a small amount. This dynasty has not had such a big project for many years, and he said that he wanted to participate in it. Many people want to participate in this matter, not only to make some money, but also to deal with the kiln people. They also wanted to have the opportunity to get in touch with the kiln people.

However, Emperor Chongzhen said: "For such a big project, the cost is paid by the kiln gang people, and we want to compensate the kiln gang people, is it too childish?" ”

The first assistant minister came over and said: "Your Majesty, no! We are not using the money of the kiln workers ourselves, but compensating those who have given up their land to make waterways. With the current financial resources of the kiln gang people, although it is expensive to carry out such a project. However, with the shrewdness of the kiln people, even if they can say in the proposal that they can make some compensation, they should have this budget. Besides, the emperor is now too often in space. It is impossible for us to go out and cooperate with the kiln people to do this, and it is impossible not to spend some money. So, I think it's better to bring the silver that the kiln gang came up with. We are wide and strict. Wouldn't it be better if you could save it? ”

The words of the first assistant minister moved Emperor Chongzhen, and Emperor Chongzhen understood that he had to bargain with the kiln people again.

But how did Emperor Chongzhen know that the people of Yaogang didn't have the heart to bargain with him, and they set aside this reason because they were afraid that the court would not see direct benefits, and they were not interested in this project, so they deliberately threw a bait.

Emperor Chongzhen and the minister discussed for a long time, and discussed asking for 400,000 taels of silver from the Yaogang people. They knew that they were going to leave some room for bargaining with the potters. But when Gonggong Li came to Zhang Zhimu and said this, Zhang Zhimu said: "This matter requires a lot of manpower from the imperial court, so I don't think it's 400,000." , we will give 500,000 yuan, and don't let the court officials who participated in this project get too poor. It doesn't look good when it comes out like this. ”

Gonggong Li was so shocked that he almost couldn't return to his position, he thought that Zhang Zhimu would bargain with the emperor, but he didn't expect Zhang Zhimu to be happy today, and added another 100,000 taels of silver. Gonggong Li thought to himself that the emperor would be so happy if he knew about it.