Chapter 460: Shelling
In the entire sixteen years of Chongzhen, although there was no progress even in the breakthrough in the field of Newcomian steam engines, the electricity that was pinned on high hopes was only limited to the laboratory because of the cost and application problems, just like the air guns of this era. However, from the promotion of medium and high carbon steel in the field of tools and agricultural tools, the local use of airjet boats, the promotion of new horse-drawn carriages, the promotion of honeycomb coal, the overseas import of more than tens of millions of stone grain and even larger-scale cultural and educational resources, all began to change the appearance of the original society to a large extent, making labor easier or more efficient, as if from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age in a short period of time. At the same time, the introduction and promotion of many horses along the northwest transportation line also further reduced the burden of labor.
The sixteenth year of Chongzhen, which was not too good, was like suddenly encountering a good year. Of course, these factors alone are not enough to undo the huge prestige damage caused by Xiao Xuan's cultural policy and family system in the past few days with the deep-rooted habits of various classes. However, there was one thing that made Xiao Xuan's reputation at this time unprecedentedly higher.
It can be said that in the early days, even after the end of Chongzhen's first war ten years ago, Xiao Xuan put forward a series of hypotheses: the widespread existence of microorganisms such as bacteria, and believed that this kind of microorganisms were the root cause of many diseases and even corpse decay. It is widely found in all corners of the world and concentrated in some dirty places. If you are not careful after drinking water or living, you are likely to get sick if you do not pay attention to hygiene.
In fact, this kind of preaching is like the "New Life Movement" in the Republic of China era, which has not had much effect, and it can even be said that it has not even had the effect of the "New Life Movement". Because these statements seem to be mysterious and mysterious in the cognition of people in this era, and do not conform to daily experience and logic.
However, after more than ten years of hard work, the first microscope capable of magnifying 400 times was built, and the microscope capable of magnifying 200 times began to be able to be produced in small batches. These microscopes produced in small batches were extensively performed for about 150 days in the summer and autumn of the 16th year of Chongzhen. These days, four or five hundred people take turns every day before each microscope and twelve hours in turn to observe what they see with these microscopes. Millions of grassroots people from all over the country have observed through binoculars some bacteria on common stolen goods, although those bacteria seem to be as small as mites under the microscope with a low multiple.
Since the beginning of this year, almost in a very short period of time, the hygiene habits of all parts of the country seem to have changed in a very short period of time, even in many remote villages, people also know that when they finish farm work, they should not use dirty hands to soften their eyes, do not easily drink raw water, and have too much mud on their bodies, even if they are not in a position to take a bath, they must often dry rub and so on.
Of course, it seems that there will be a delay for the effects of these hygiene habits to be truly realized, but Xiao Xuan believes it. Just like in the first 30 years of New China, although the food and clothing situation has not changed much compared with the old times, when the public can realize this. I am afraid that the word "disease" in the so-called "civil suffering" will eventually take a back seat to the second position.
The various changes that have taken place in Chongzhen's sixteenth year make Xiao Xuan sure that in this year, the financial income of the entire world will definitely have a relatively obvious increase. In the summary of news approaching the New Year, it was finally as Xiao Xuan expected.
Overseas indemnities and other colonial revenues, if you include the stationery of a large scale brought by Taixi, the total value is equivalent to 92 million taels, or more than 85 million stones. It is equivalent to the scale of finance at the peak of the Central Plains in the past, and suddenly there is an additional "shadow finance"
At the same time, the scale of the government-run factories and mines, which have expanded to 270,000 people, has reached about 30 million taels in various fields ranging from textiles to coal mining and transportation. With the development of Northeast China and even the income of government farms in many places after the migration from the sea to overseas, the income of government farms in this area and the income from other salt and liquor also amounted to tens of millions of stones.
In addition, in the form of commercial taxes, agricultural taxes, national bonds, and other fiscal revenues, the domestic fiscal revenues soared to 110 million taels in the course of a year, and the entire fiscal revenue exceeded the price of 200 million taels or 180 million stone rice, which was not inferior to the actual scale of finance at the peak of the late Qing Dynasty, and even far exceeded it.
Under these circumstances, not only was the investment in education and various incentive funds, totaling 50 or 60 million taels, no longer a problem, but the improvement of the administrative and judicial systems was no longer a problem, and for the first time, the entire regime had a considerable financial surplus. The improvement of road traffic and the development of Ma Zheng have also begun to receive tens of millions of taels of investment in this year.
The accumulation of years seems to have begun to enter the stage of shifting from quantitative change to qualitative change at this time. According to the surveys, statistics, and even rough estimates of the Ministry of Internal Intelligence and even the various units of the Xinqin Wei Battalion, around the time of the expedition of Chongzhen, the per capita agricultural grain output of the whole country should have been around 300 kilograms, or about 40 million tons. The total size of industry and commerce is about 50% of that of agriculture, and this is the result of a lot of recovery after the war.
However, by the 16th year of Chongzhen, the per capita grain output was estimated to be around 380 kilograms, and the domestic grain output was close to 50 million tons, in addition to about 4 million tons of grain imports. The total scale of industry and commerce began to significantly exceed the approximate output value of agriculture, and the total output value of society as a whole began to exceed the equivalent of two billion stone of grain.
In order to conserve resources to the greatest extent, in addition to the education system under the responsibility of the government, various non-governmental training institutions and even self-study examination training institutions also began to flourish in the private sector at this time. The economic improvement and even the large amount of benefits obtained overseas began to make many people really realize that the removal of the old and the innovation did not bring great civil strife and even pain to people. After a violent upheaval, the whole world began to change a little.
After getting such a fundamental report, Xiao Xuan's long-term worries about it have also been put down a lot. At this time, Xiao Xuan can be sure: If someone sets off the old ideology at this time and uses this as the banner to carry out an open rebellion, it should not bring any big waves.
(End of chapter)