Before the large-scale use of electronic technology and materials, the output of steel has always been a symbol of national strength, World War I, World War II, the evaluation of national strength, basically through steel, perhaps, the victory or defeat of the war, will make this change, but as long as it continues in the long run, steel is fundamental.

For example, during World War II, the ferocious Germany and Japan, one galloped in Europe, the other raged in Asia, and both produced a lot of steel at their peak.

However, the war does not rely on the peak output, but on the continuous output value, the balance between the continuous increase and the recovery, compared with the United States, their congenital disadvantage is huge, when the dividends of the occupation are gradually spit out, it is the time of decline.

For a stable and developed country, everyone knows that steel production represents national strength, and for a country, it is not a difficult thing to establish a steel plant, but why not build it on a large scale.

Whether it needs is only one aspect, national strength itself is fundamental, steel is not just steel itself, even if you pile up 2 million, 5 million, or even 10 million tons of output, you will be strong, without the cooperation of the entire national system, these are just steel.

This is the case with Germany and Japan, after the frenzied plunder, they have no way to merge the harvested production capacity, Japan aside, except for Japan, there are not many developed countries in Asia, and Germany is not the same in Europe.

Needless to say, France, the land powers of Europe, even Belgium and Norway, these countries, their steel production should not be underestimated.

If Germany in World War II can integrate Europe's steel production capacity, it will not be able to support it, but unfortunately the national strength required for the war is not only resources and machines.

What Zhao Xin wants to do is this, to introduce the modern system into digging deep holes, accumulating grain, strengthening itself, and turning the Dinghai Navy itself into an invulnerable, huge economy that cannot be attached.

Iron and steel is the most advantageous point of the Dinghai Navy, not only in the entire economic field, the comparison is inclined to steel, but also in terms of research, not only Niu Dali, such a genius researcher, but also in terms of funding and personnel.

After the construction of the steel plant, the production capacity is being released, but compared with the large-scale expansion, the growth of the lumps brought about by the construction of some steel blast furnaces, and the growth in the daily adjustment, is slowing down.

This does not delay the expansion of the Navy's steel field to depth and scale.

After there is no way to increase the output, after all, the area of the steel plant is limited, and under the premise of veto in the second phase of the construction of the north, it can only be improved by the existing one, and the extent of this improvement is limited.

Zhao Xin, from later generations, is very clear about the trajectory of the development of steel, the original blast furnace, on the basis of the small blast furnace, by the cattle vigorously researched, gradually enlarged, the formation of a large open hearth, in this era, even after a few hundred years, when the European large-scale steelmaking, is already very advanced.

However, compared with the converter, it is still relatively inferior, in later generations, although the open-hearth furnace has not been eliminated, it has been used in iron-making, as well as large-scale smelting, only more than 500 tons of large-scale smelting, will use the open-hearth, and daily steelmaking, mostly use the converter.

The efficiency, control, and even the effect of the smelted product of the converter are all above the open-hearth, and the cost will be reduced on a large scale.

Zhao Xin knows some converter conditions, especially the application of oxygen in the converter, under the premise that Dinghai has found some excellent steelmaking catalysts, the transformation from open-hearth to converter is carried out very quickly, although there are some deficiencies now, but the converter can be made in front of it.

In the laboratory, the efficiency of the converter researched is at least 3 times higher than that of the open-hearth furnace, and even if the efficiency is reduced by industrial operation, it can be increased by at least 2 times.

That is to say, as long as a certain amount of transformation is carried out for the steel plant of the Dinghai Navy, it can skyrocket from 2 million tons to 4 million tons.

The research results are very good, and it is also of great benefit to the Dinghai Navy, which has just been built for less than 2 years, and it is not a matter to completely overthrow it, not to say whether it is a waste, just to say that the steel plant is responsible for the steel production of the entire Northern Song Dynasty, and there is a large demand for the Dinghai Navy, which cannot be simply stopped.

Based on this consideration, Zhao Xin also transferred some of the funds invested in the converter, although he will continue the research of the converter, but it is not the focus.

Dingjun's laboratory has begun to take shape, but it is not what he wants, a unique steel research, his engine is Niu Dali, and the direction is Zhao Xin.

Now that both have turned, although the research of converters has not stopped, it has only continued to improve on the original basis, and it is impossible to go further.

In the 21st century, China is already a big steel country, and the total steel output accounts for half of the world, that is to say, other countries other than China must add up their production capacity to have so much in China, but China still can't be called a steel power, the reason is very simple, most of what China can make is low-end steel, the real top, rare.

Even in the 19th and 20th centuries, the low-end steel, in this era, is also a magic weapon, through the simple production of carbon steel, the steel produced, the performance has exceeded the so-called fine iron, this, the whole world, no country can compare with the navy.

However, for the sake of the future, for the continued development of the Dinghai Navy, Zhao Xin still invested in this aspect, and the Dinghai Navy already had this advantage, coupled with Niu Dali, this is a perfect combination.

Materials, this system, which was developed only in the late part of World War II, in fact, has been developing before, but it is not so strict.

During World War II, the artillery of major countries was not consistent in various parameters, in addition to the different research directions, but also showed the difference in materials.

If the material research is weaker, the caliber of the cannon will be larger, the total weight of the cannon will be higher, and the material will be better, and the comprehensive performance in all aspects will be stronger.

Basically, the material is not enough to make up the weight, and it is barely possible, which also means that for the design and use, when the limit is not reached, and the material is not up to par, there are alternatives.

But after World War II, with the application of various new technologies and materials, as well as the rapid development of science and technology, the emergence of various machines and weapons, materials, there is no substitute, there is no yes, there is no, if there is no material support, no matter how exquisite the design, even put a real thing, put it in front of you, you can't copy it, this is the terrible thing about materials.

The current Dinghai Navy is far from using this material, and the various designs of the Dinghai Navy are not yet superb, and there is no need to be superb, but it is always bad not to take advantage of this advantage.

For other things, Ding Haijun only relies on Zhao Xin, a traverser, relying on the knowledge obtained by the traverser in the information age, supporting things, drawing, or supporting, but in terms of materials, it has natural advantages.

The recipe experiments that can be completed every day by the card system are far less economical than those found in the laboratory, and even the things found by the exhaustive method may be mostly useless, but occasionally useful, and the performance is very outstanding.

Among these materials, the most common is steel.

The card system can appear materials out of thin air, but the number of each day is limited, metals may be able to try, organic matter forget it, one more oxygen, one less oxygen, one more hydrogen, one less one, will make a huge change in the performance of organic matter, not to mention that there are different bases, this thing, the exhaustive method is not impossible, but compared to inorganic matter, it is too much to find a needle in a haystack.

Zhao Xin had tried for a few days, but all the results of a few days, not even a single eye, maybe in the future, there is kung fu, you can try, now, it is better to put it on inorganic matter.

Compared with organic matter, inorganic matter is relatively easy, but it can't be messed around casually, especially in the field of alloys, which is really unpredictable, only the research is more in-depth steel as the focus, after all, some research results can be preliminarily screened to improve the success rate.

Of the total number of cards in the card system every day, more than half is given to steel-like alloys, and the rest is metals, such as copper and aluminum.

Even so, the formula that can really be obtained is limited, and sometimes, it is only a certain aspect of excellent performance, and it is handed over to Niu Dali to carry out some calculations and research, which can be regarded as accumulating some experience for ferroalloy materials.

There are many of them, and there are always some gains, not to mention that Zhao Xin also thinks about some specious secret recipes that later generations know, and conducts certain research, for example, adjusting the proportion of carbon elements, and for example, using some metal additives.

For a long time after World War II, the rare earth elements that were not used were also added to it by Zhao Xin, perhaps most of them were useless, and a few were useful, and the effect was very good.

Almost all of these formulas are handed over to Niu Dali to complete laboratory production.

In Dingjun, the biggest change in Zhao Xin's arrival is not forward-looking, but a scientific research process, which is almost engraved in the bones of the master's and doctor's degrees, what he has seen and heard along the way, and even what he has done himself, and these things are very useful for scientific experiments.

From formulation, to small batch production in the laboratory, to the study of overall performance, how to improve the strength and stress relief of the metal, to mass production, and finally to the final laboratory finalization. This is a complete process, in this process, Niu Dali has gained a lot, and the research on ferroalloys has gradually deepened, especially some materials, and gradually mass-produced laboratory products.

Steel, just a foundation, all carbon-containing iron, the performance has been improved, can be called steel, different carbon content, and the addition of some trace elements, caused by the change of the overall performance, can be regarded as the improvement of the performance of steel.

As far as the marking of steel is concerned, in the past 1 year, the Dinghai Navy has gone from 5.5 to 5.9, which seems to be only an increase of 0.4, but in the field of steel, it is a difference of ten years, or even hundreds of years.

After exceeding 5, the improvement of each decimal point of the hardness index represents a huge leap in the performance index, especially in the large-scale use of steel, he has a greater improvement in pressure, for endurance, and other things, and the resulting cost increase is not high.

Under the leadership of Niu Dali, the gradual development of steel, not only exceeded the end of the nineteenth century, the beginning of the twentieth century, and even began to progress towards the end of World War II, especially after Zhao Xin knew that the total grade of steel was improved, he realized that he seemed to be too biased in steel, and after arriving in the Dinghai Navy, almost 7 percent of the results achieved on the materials came from steel alloys.

Steel is an important raw material, even in the 21st century, steel is the backbone of the national economy, but steel does not represent everything.

The discovery of such a genius talent as Niu Dali has promoted the progress of steel, but the progress of steel is too fast, and it has far exceeded the level required by the current navy.

If you talk about the use of fine iron weapons, it is enough to use 5.5, or even 5 marks of steel, there is no need to rise to 5.9, and even because of Niu Dali's research, the formula given by Zhao Xin has been innovated, and the steel with high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and high hardness has also been made.

This thing is used either in the engine of an airplane or on the shell of a ship, and it can be said that the results in steel are close to those of the Second World War, and some of them are surpassed.

Even the steam engine has not been made, and the internal combustion engine is even more distant, and it is obviously not a good thing to continue to deepen on the road of steel alloy, because it is completely useless.

5.5 overflows when the indicator only asks for 5, let alone 5.9.

Zhao Xin found a problem, the current Dinghai is in a very embarrassing state, as far as materials science is concerned, the steel alloy has exceeded too much, if now, Zhao Xingu shows a large internal combustion engine, then the ship may not be able to get out.

It's not good to be too advanced, and it's a waste of resources, and now the demand for materials in the Dinghai Navy is also relatively large, and other alloys, such as aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, and organic matter, these technologies are still a blank slate.

Although it is said that these things are not needed in the navy now, it is better to make some preparations for a rainy day, after all, the steel alloy has been too deep, even if there is a card system, even if there is a genius of Niu Dali, it is impossible to achieve great results in a short time.

On the contrary, it is a blank sheet of paper for other materials, and it is possible to make some breakthroughs, but unfortunately, talent has always been a problem.

Niu Dali is a genius and has solved a lot of problems, but what Zhao Xin needs is not a Niu Dali, but thousands of Niu Dali, especially in the field of their respective materials.