Chapter 606: The Age of Steam
Su Yan's meeting with Long Chi did not last long, mainly to hand over two things to Long Chi to do, a small number of languages, and then directly threw the two documents to Long Chi, Long Chi needed to carefully review the documents, and then discuss with the other four kingdoms in the Xia Dynasty after understanding, and finally implement it in the Xia Dynasty in the name of "Xia Emperor".
Two things, the first thing is about the fief of the Long family's children, now there is no extra land on the earth to be divided into the Long family's children, and the fief of the character generation can only be divided by part of the fief of the father's generation.
Taking a duke's fief as an example, the land of a duke is at least one state, the territory is basically more than 100,000 square kilometers, the population is in the millions, and the population of the rich state is even more than 10 million.
When the lord of the duchy abdicates, a son of the lord of the country is chosen to inherit the position of the duke and become the new lord of the state, and the lord of the state can also divide the title of other descendants, but the highest title cannot exceed the marquis, of course, it can not be divided into other heirs, this depends on the lord's own thoughts.
It should be noted that the other descendants of the lord of the country do not mean that they are independent/independent after obtaining the fief, and their fiefs still belong to the principality, and half of the taxes of the fief need to be paid, and if they are independent/independent, they do not need to pay taxes.
With the development of science and technology, when wired electricity, radio, and airplanes appear in the future, Su Yan will even make the word "Xia Dynasty" more practical, rather than today's "false name".
In addition, after the children of the Long family obtain the fief and become its ruler, they need to manage their own fiefdom, and the capable children of the Long family can personally serve as the county guard (mayor), county magistrate, etc., and the children of the incapable Long family can find capable people to serve as the mayor and county magistrate to help them manage the fief.
If the incapable children of the Long family personally serve as the mayor and county magistrate, resulting in the reduction of the indicators of various projects such as the fiefdom economy and people's livelihood year after year, and even the possibility of civil unrest, it is necessary to use the second thing that Su Yan explained to Long Chi, that is, the "Assessment System for the Children of the Long Family".
"Long's Disciple Assessment System" is also called "Long's Descendant Fiefdom Assessment System", that is, the Long's children's fiefdom is directly assessed, and the assessment items include economy, people's livelihood, etc., and it is necessary to refer to historical data to score each item, and the first time the score fails to be reminded, two consecutive scores fail to give a warning, and three consecutive scores fail to directly withdraw its fief.
In addition to the prince, the children of the Long family with the status of duke, marquis, earl, viscount, and baron are all within the scope of the assessment, and the baron is assessed every six months, the viscount ruler is assessed once a year, the earl ruler is assessed every one and a half years, the marquis ruler is assessed every two years, and the duke ruler is assessed every three years.
In addition, it should be noted that the baron is the lowest title, and its fief is only one village, one of the baron's sons will inherit the position of the baron, and the other sons of the baron will not have any titles, and at the same time, the children of the Long family have no restrictions on politics and military participation, and the children of the Long family who cannot obtain the fief can be officials or do business.
No matter what the children of the Long family do, they need to support themselves, and Xia Chaozhong can not have a regular provision for giving money to the children of the Long family.
Compared with other families, the age of marriage and childbirth of the children of the Long family is relatively late, usually after the age of twenty, mainly because of martial arts, and there are also studies that have been extended in recent decades, and the age of graduation is already over twenty years old, and they can get married during school, but the vast majority of people will not take their children to school.
Even if calculated in the twentie-year-old generation, the Long family has multiplied for eleven generations since Su Yan, even if the juniors only give birth to two to three boys, then the Long family will be a huge family with more than 100,000 people, and the first family of the Xia Dynasty, the Long family, is not a joke.
There are still many super families with more than 100,000 people in the Xia Dynasty, generally a descendant line based on the patriarch plus a large number of side branches, but as the blood relationship between the clansmen continues to go away, the super family no longer exists, and there will even be fights with the clan, each branch of the super family is a new family, and the same is true for the Long family.
There are so many children of the Long Clan, if you give the children of the Long Clan money, it will be an extremely heavy burden, and the entire Xia Dynasty will not be able to support it.
Su Yan explained two things to Long Chi, the first thing was to solve the problem of the division of the Long family's children, and the second thing was to solve the problem of civil unrest caused by the mediocrity of the Long family's children, both of which Long Chi had already understood.
Not long after, Long Chi sent four teams, two teams by train to visit Hua and Yan, which bordered the land of Xia, and two teams by steamship to visit Qi and Zhao, which bordered Xia on the sea, and the kings of the five kingdoms discussed the two things given to them by their grandfathers, and after the discussion was completed, the five kingdoms would announce and implement them to all the countries in the Xia Dynasty on behalf of the Xia Dynasty.
Xia, Hua, Yan, Qi, and Zhao are the five kingdoms in the Xia Dynasty, and they are also the five most powerful countries, and the five countries together can basically represent the entire Xia Dynasty, and other countries in the Xia Dynasty must obey orders.
Moreover, there are trains and ships, and it is more convenient for several countries that are not too far apart to communicate, and the negotiations can be completed in two months as soon as possible, and as slow as three months at most.
Yes, in the 173rd year of the Xia calendar, trains and ships have appeared in the Xia Dynasty, which greatly facilitates the communication between various places within the Xia Dynasty.
In the 145th year of the Xia calendar, the first steam engine was born in the Su Chamber of Commerce, and in the following nearly 30 years, the steam engine quickly blossomed and bore fruit in the Xia Dynasty, and the Xia Dynasty has entered the steam age, which is also the first industrial revolution of the Xia Dynasty.
In fact, the steam engine can appear earlier in the Xia Kingdom, fifty years ago in the Xia calendar, Su Yan was sure that the Ministry of Industry would manufacture a steam engine, but Su Yan did not do this, the main reason is that the existence of the Xia Kingdom is too short, and the era of the Dragon Tribe is less than a hundred years, even under the leadership of Su Yan, the Xia Kingdom is developing at a very incredible speed, but there are still many industries in the Xia Kingdom in abnormal development.
Some industries are developing very fast, while others are developing very slowly, and a deformed Xia country blindly manufacturing steam engines into the industrial age is likely to have a bad impact.
In the time before the one hundred and forty-five years of the Xia calendar, Su Yan has been working hard to let the various industries of the Xia Dynasty develop together, not to the point of going hand in hand, but it can't be too far, until the one hundred and forty-five years of the Xia calendar, the Su Chamber of Commerce made the world's first steam engine under the guidance of Su Yan.
The principle of the steam engine is actually very simple, it is a reciprocating power machine that converts the energy of steam into mechanical work, the steam engine needs a boiler that boils water to produce high-pressure steam, this boiler can use wood, coal, oil or natural gas or even combustible garbage as a heat source, and the steam expands to push the piston to do work.
The principle of the steam engine is very simple, but without Su Yan's guidance, I don't know how much time it will take to "naturally" produce the steam engine, maybe it will take hundreds of years, maybe longer, Su Yan will accelerate this process.
Su Yan knew that the industrial revolution in his previous life could not be attributed solely to the genius of a small group of inventors, and while genius undoubtedly played a role, what was more important was the combination of various favorable forces that came into play in the late eighteenth century.
Inventors rarely invent except under the stimulus of strong necessity, and many of the principles that underlie new inventions were known centuries before the Industrial Revolution, but they were not applied to industry due to lack of stimulus.
This was the case, for example, with steam power, which was already known and even used in ancient Egypt during the Hellenistic era, but was only used to open and close temple gates, but in England there was a need for a new source of power in order to pump water from the mines and turn the wheels of new machinery, which led to a series of inventions and improvements, culminating in the development of a steam engine suitable for mass production.
Obviously, the Xia Dynasty did not need the steam engine in a short period of time, but the emergence of the steam engine once again increased the development speed of the Xia Dynasty, mainly in the industrial field, textile, transportation, smelting, machine manufacturing and other industries have changed because of the emergence of the steam engine.
In the textile industry, compared with looms, spinning machines have been changing rapidly, water-powered spinning machines can spin fine and strong yarn between rollers, with multi-spindle spinning machines, a person can spin eight yarns at the same time, then sixteen yarns, and finally more than a hundred yarns, but also the emergence of spindle spinning machines, which combines the advantages of hydraulic spinning machines and multi-spindle spinning machines.
At this time, it was still relied on manpower to weave cloth, and the constantly changing spinning machines were soon producing much more yarn than the weavers could handle, because the weaving efficiency was not enough, and in most parts of the Xia Dynasty, the patches of clothes worn by ordinary people were one piece after another.
However, because of the emergence of the steam engine, it didn't take long for the loom powered by the steam engine to appear, and the looms continued to improve from generation to generation, and it can be said that the per capita output of the Xia country in the 172nd year of the summer calendar was more than four times that of the steam engine before the appearance of the steam engine, so that the vast majority of the people of the Xia country wore clothes without patches, and the Xia country exported a large number of fabrics to other countries.
Regarding the export of cloth to other countries, the scientific and technological progress of the Xia Dynasty always started from the Xia Kingdom, and then passed to the four kingdoms of Hua, Yan, Qi, and Zhao, and then passed from the five kingdoms to the surrounding areas.
The steam engine had the same impact on the transportation industry as it did on the textile industry.
When smoke-spewing trains come and go, when steamships without sails sail freely on the sea, it is a revolution in the transportation industry triggered by the steam engine.
In fact, before the steam engine changed the transportation industry, the transportation industry in the Xia Dynasty was also very developed.
On the sea, sailing ships of hundreds of tons, thousands of tons, and thousands of tons travel to and from various continents through the ocean; The land was dominated by horse-drawn carriages, and large pastures on the prairie provided a large number of high-quality horses for the Xia Dynasty.
Su Yan's big plan to build a rail road had already been carried out in many areas of the Xia Dynasty, at first it was just a wooden rail road, where horses could pull special carriages to travel quickly on wooden rails, compared to horse-drawn carriages traveling on ordinary roads, horse-drawn carriages traveling on wooden rails were faster, longer-lasting, and could carry more people or goods.
As the production of steel in the Xia Dynasty increased, the wooden rails were replaced by railroad roads, and the carriages traveled on the rails for a thousand miles a day without any problems, but the horses needed to be replaced along the way.
Rails and sailboats were already very convenient modes of transportation for the people of the Xia Dynasty, and ordinary people could take them, but with the advent of the steam age, the transformation of the transportation industry also came.
Steamships have many advantages over sailboats, but also some disadvantages, the advantage is that steamships do not need to care about the direction of the wind and travel faster than sailboats; The disadvantage is that steamships need to pay attention to refueling, and the probability of failure is a little higher than that of sailboats.
Comparing the advantages and disadvantages, the speed alone can suppress all the disadvantages, time is money, and merchants wish that the speed of the ship could be faster, and that one more voyage would make more money.
After that, compared with the carriage and the train on the track, the speed of the train was not even as fast as the carriage at the beginning, the key is that the train is longer than the carriage, there is no need to change the horses halfway, it can also carry more people or goods, it can sail day and night, with the upgrading of train technology, the speed of the train is more than the carriage, and soon, the carriage on the track in most areas has been replaced by the train.
However, horse-drawn carriages have not completely disappeared, a small number of railroads still have horse-drawn carriages, and more importantly, trains cannot leave the tracks, in the city, in the country lanes, horse-drawn carriages are still a very important means of transportation.
The textile industry and the transportation industry have changed because of the emergence of the steam engine, and other industries have also undergone more or less changes, the emergence of the steam engine has made the Xia Dynasty enter the steam age, the industrial revolution began, starting from the Xia Kingdom, the industrial production capacity exploded, under the same manpower, more and more goods were produced, and the low price could be enjoyed by all ordinary families.
Everyone noticed the great changes that had taken place in the Xia Dynasty because of the appearance of the steam engine, and many people noticed the role played by a special force, which was the Su Chamber of Commerce.
The Su Chamber of Commerce is a chamber of commerce established by Su Yan, after the death of the three wives, Su Yan has always used the name "Su Yan", the Su Chamber of Commerce was founded and led by Su Yan, it can be said that the Long Chamber of Commerce controlled by the Xia royal family is the largest chamber of commerce in the Xia Dynasty, and the Su Chamber of Commerce is the second largest chamber of commerce, and even many times the Long Chamber of Commerce has to rely on the Su Chamber of Commerce.
The biggest advantage of the Long Chamber of Commerce is that it covers a very wide area, and almost all countries in the Xia Dynasty have branches of the Long Chamber of Commerce, because of the relationship between the controllers of the Long Chamber of Commerce, no one dares to attack the Long Chamber of Commerce, but wants to curry favor with the Long Chamber of Commerce.
The advantage of the Su Chamber of Commerce is to master the core technology, the first steam engine was born from the Su Chamber of Commerce, and since then, all kinds of machinery derived from the steam engine are basically produced in the Su Chamber of Commerce, and some of the technologies with relatively low profits are sold to the Long Chamber of Commerce by the Su Chamber of Commerce.