Text Chapter 17 The Death of the Western Xia Kingdom
The wolf's head sticks into the sheepfold and never politely withdraws.
- Arabic proverb
Badr was dutiful as Genghis Khan's personal bodyguard, and was appreciated by Genghis Khan, and was given a beautiful Salta girl, Alima, as his wife.
Badr followed Genghis Khan to East and Central Asia, personally felt the greatness and heroism of Genghis Khan, and often heard Genghis Khan muttering: "The country I want to perish most is the Bai Gao Kingdom of the Tang Wu people and the Jin Kingdom of the Jurchens." The conquest of the East required the conquest of these two countries. To conquer the world, you must first conquer Khorezm. Destroying Khorezm ahead of schedule is an extraneous branch. ”
There is a saying that it is better to be neighbors with ten weak countries than to have borders with one strong country. Why? Because powerful neighbors will bully you, plunder your wealth, annex your land, and maybe even wipe out your country
Badr knew that this time it was the turn of Bai Gaoguo (Western Xia) to be unlucky. Because of the emergence of a more powerful country than itself in the north - the Great Mongolia. Although the Tang Vultures were regarded as backward barbarians by the Great Song Dynasty, the Tang Vultures put up a score in front of the Mongols, claiming to be civilized people, and regarded the Mongols in the north as barbarians, disdainful of them, and even ignored Genghis Khan's instructions.
Faced with the approaching Great Mongol Kingdom, the king of Baigao did not want to become a dead monarch, so he passed the throne to Li Dewang in 1223.
After several invasions by the Mongol army, the top and bottom of the White High Kingdom truly understood the ambitions of the Mongol Empire. Li Dewang decided to carry out the strategy of uniting the Jin state against the Mongols and formed an alliance with the Jin state. Bai Gao's private strategy was to use the Mongol army to unite with the surrounding countries to eliminate the Great Mongol State during the Mongol expedition to the west.
The Mongol general Bruu soon discovered the conspiracy of Gao Bai and immediately sent troops to attack Gao Bai from the east, successfully taking Yinzhou (now Hengshan County, Shaanxi Province) and capturing Tahai, the general of Bai Gao.
History is running out of time for Bai Gaoguo. It could only linger on the beautiful dreams of the country's past, and in the end even the opportunity to do so was lost.
In 1224, after Genghis Khan pacified the Khorezm Empire in the west, Badr followed Genghis Khan and his four sons to lead a triumphant Mongol army to the west.
Returning to the savannah after a five-year absence, Badr wanted to settle into a stable family with his wife Alima and enjoy life.
However, Genghis Khan, who was full of ambitions, returned to the steppe without resting for a few days, and decided to launch a full-scale attack on the White High Kingdom.
Puzzled, Badr asked, "Great Khan, the dust of the Sartaul that fell on your armor has not been washed away, and the delicacies of the steppe have not been savored to the fullest, and you will continue the war." You need to take care of yourself. ”
Genghis Khan said earnestly: "As long as the enemy is not destroyed for a day, my heart will not be at peace for a day." ”
As a result, Badr continued to escort Genghis Khan on his expedition. Ali and Abbas also continued to follow the Mongol army, making tea and cooking for Genghis Khan, and fighting in foreign lands.
In 1226, Genghis Khan's main army first captured Heishui City (near the present-day Ejina Banner of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region) west of the Baigao Kingdom (southwest of present-day Urad Zhongqi in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region), and then defeated the general of the Baigao State at Helan Mountain, Asha Dangbu, and finally reached Hunnchui Mountain (in the north of present-day Jiuquan, Gansu Province).
The army led by the Mongol general Atachi successively captured important places such as Ganzhou (present-day Zhangye, Gansu Province), Shazhou (present-day Dunhuang, Gansu Province), and Suzhou (present-day Jiuquan, Gansu Province) in Baigao.
After the Mongol army arrived in Ganzhou, Genghis Khan found that Ganzhou was flat, the soil was fertile, and the products were abundant, so he liked this place very much, and decided to rest here for two days.
Ali and Abbas visited this historical and cultural city located on the Hexi Corridor and on the Silk Road.
Curious, they climbed the bell and drum tower in the center of the city for a panoramic view of the city with oriental architecture, and interestingly counted the tiled houses and compounds scattered all around. They also went to the Great Buddha Temple of Buddhism to observe the statue of the Bodhisattva with kind eyes.
Here they see a very different climate from Khorezm.
One day, Ali began to miss his hometown and relatives again, so he took out the pebble he had picked up on the banks of the Zeravshan River, put it in the palm of his hand and rubbed it gently.
Abbas was older than Ali and naturally understood his mind.
Abbas asked, "Ali, are you homesick?" ”
Ali nodded silently, and a tear fell from his eyes.
Abbas wanted to make Ali happy, so he deliberately diverted his mind and said, "Shall we carve the pebbles with the pattern you like?" ”
Ali replied, "It's not interesting to have a lot of patterns. Let's engrave the names of the two of us. ”
"Okay," Abbas picked up a sharp knife and carved vigorously into the pebbles.
In a few moments, two strings of letters appeared on the surface of the pebbles. That's the Iranian name of Ali and Abbas.
Ali saw that there was still a little space on their names and said, "There is also a person's name engraved here." ”
Abbas quipped, "Which pretty girl's name do you want to engrave?" ”
Ali shyly nudged Abbas, and then said seriously, "Engrave Badr's name." We've been following him everywhere, and we're friends who share weal and worn. ”
Abbas had always believed in his heart that Badr was the oppressor who ruled over him, and that he was not worthy of being engraved with the name of the Khwarazmians, but he carved Badr's name against his will in order to make Ali happy.
Just as Badr came over and asked in a loud voice, "Hey, Sartas, what are you two sneaking around?" ”
Ali replied, "Report to your lordship, we have carved words in the stone." ”
Badr took the pebble and looked at it twice, and did not know the Iranian script, so he raised his hand and made a throwing motion.
Ali hurriedly shouted, "Report to your lordship, your name is on it." ”
Badr smiled and said, "I'll tease you, Sarta." ”
Abbas asked, "Master Badr, when will we be able to go home?" ”
Badr looked into the distance with a blank face and left without answering Ali's question.
The emperor of the White Gau kingdom was so anxious that he watched the Mongol army press on his country, and died in excessive anxiety and grief.
The king of Nanping, Li Wei (Xian), ascended to the throne. He was also the last emperor of the White High Kingdom.
In August 1226, Genghis Khan implemented the strategy of crossing the Yellow River nine times, and the Mongol army successfully occupied Yingli (present-day Zhongwei, Ningxia), Xiazhou (present-day Jingbian, Shaanxi Province), Lingzhou (present-day Lingwu, Ningxia), Jishizhou (present-day Xunhua, Qinghai Province), and Xining in Baigao.
At this time, only the last piece of territory left in the White High Kingdom, Zhongxing Mansion, had not yet fallen and had become a country of projectiles.
Zhongxingfu was the political center of the Baigao Kingdom, located in Yinchuan, present-day Ningxia. The city of Zhongxingfu was very strong, and the resistance of the soldiers and civilians in the city was unusually stubborn, and it was impossible to keep the fierce and sweeping Mongol army out of the city gates.
At this time, the Mongol generals who were about to win a big victory were also a little slack, thinking that the huge Baigao Kingdom had fallen apart anyway, and it didn't matter if they took Zhongxing Mansion or not.
Genghis Khan ordered Badr to gather his soldiers into his tiger skin tent, recalled his past when he slaughtered and destroyed the city at Khorezm, and then said categorically: "If there is a wolf left in the steppe, there will be no stability and tranquility for the sheep." The Tang Vultures and the Sarthas are an equally wicked people. There can be no sympathy and carelessness for them. If the Mongols want to be in peace for a long time, they must be completely and completely destroyed! ”
The generals were immediately moved by Genghis Khan's words, and raised their arms and shouted: "Set foot on the White High Kingdom and kill all the Tang Wu people!" ”
Genghis Khan did a good job in the ideological work of his soldiers, and then took a unique path, decided to adopt the tactics of a roundabout attack, immediately turned his horse's head and drove westward, waved his army into the narrow and long territory in the west of the Jin State, and successively captured the Linxia and Dingxi regions of today's Gansu Province.
The summer was particularly hot.
Genghis Khan had always been afraid of heat, and coupled with the long march to fight, the physical consumption was great. After all, time is not forgiving. He often felt dizzy and tight, and his energy was low.
Worried, Badr waited carefully and ordered Ali and Abbas to strengthen their diet and replenish Genghis Khan's nutrition.
When he walked to Qingshui, Gansu, Genghis Khan suddenly fell ill and died.
Before his death, Genghis Khan explained two things to his son and generals: one was to resolutely eliminate the White Gao Kingdom, even if the Tang Vultures announced their surrender, they would all be killed, and there would be no one left; The second is to take advantage of the Southern Song Dynasty, bypass Tongguan in Shaanxi, and resolutely eliminate the Jin State.
Genghis Khan was both Badr's stern commander and leader, as well as his benevolent adoptive father. Badr knelt beside Genghis Khan's body, bursting into tears and weeping silently, even more so than Genghis Khan's own children.
Ali quietly asked Abbas, "The Great Khan has died, is it possible that the war will be over?" Shall we go home? ”
Abbas put his index finger to his lips and motioned for Ali not to speak, lest he be killed.
Fortunately, Genghis Khan arranged the issue of the heir as early as 1219 when he set out to conquer the Khorezm Empire, so that the political situation in Great Mongolia did not cause a major shock.
Genghis Khan's son Tuo Lei did not mourn in order to stabilize the morale of the army and deter the enemy, so as not to raise the morale of the armies of Bai Gao and Jin and take the opportunity to counterattack.
This Mongol army, which had been baptized by blood and fire in the Khorezm Empire, was now as light as a dragonfly against the desperate White High Kingdom, and soon surrounded the capital of the White High Kingdom, Zhongxing Province.
Badr insisted on leading the army to storm Zhongxingfu, kill all the Tang Wu, and avenge Genghis Khan.
A Mongol general named Chahan strongly persuaded him to surrender. In order to avoid the fate of the slaughter of Zhongxing Mansion, he was willing to personally enter the city to meet the soldiers and civilians who swore to defend the city, and persuaded them to see the situation clearly, conform to the times, and take the initiative to surrender.
After thinking about it for a long time, Tuo Lei decided to take the advice of Chahan and send him into the city to persuade him to surrender.
The soldiers and civilians of Zhongxing Province also knew that continuing to fight was a dead end, so they agreed to disarm and surrender. This temporarily saved everyone's lives.
However, not every Mongol general had the same compassionate heart as Tsakhan. Every military general was born and died for war.
After the Mongol army led by Badr entered Zhongxingfu, they could not kill the Tang Vultures due to the conditions negotiated between Chahan and the Tang Wus, so they destroyed and destroyed most of the buildings of the Bai Gao Kingdom, and swept away the splendid civilization created by the Bai Gao Kingdom, resulting in few historical relics of the Bai Gao Kingdom that have been handed down.
Badr also instructed the Mongol soldiers to dig three feet into the ground of the royal tomb of Bai Gaoguo, and destroyed it to the fullest, so as to vent their hatred for Bai Gaoguo and the Tang Wu people, so as to pay tribute to the deceased Genghis Khan.
In accordance with Genghis Khan's will, Tuo Lei finally broke his promise to the Tang Wu people and killed the Emperor Bai Gaoguo and the Tang Wu people, regardless of men, women and children, who announced their surrender.
The 22-year-long war between the Great Mongols and the White Heights officially ended with the complete destruction of the White Thrones.
The destruction of the Great Mongol State of Baigao deprived the Jin State of a valuable political and military ally, and also deprived the Jin State of a buffer zone between the West and the Great Mongol State, leading to a direct confrontation between the Jin State and the Great Mongolian State, and finally to its demise. As a result, the Great Mongol State was able to further invade the Han region of the Central Plains, laying the foundation for the future unification of the Central Plains.
In 1288, Kublai Khan, the emperor of the Great Yuan Dynasty, the grandson of Genghis Khan, and the son of Tuolei, renamed Zhongxingfu Ningxia Road, which means to make the land of Xia stable and healthy! This beautiful name is still used today.
It is said that before the fall of the Gaobai Kingdom, a group of Tang Wu nobles fled the country and went into exile in the southwest.
Interestingly, more than 10,000 people in Kangding, Daofu, Jiulong, Yajiang and other areas around Gongga Mountain in Sichuan Province today call themselves Tibetans, but the Tibetans do not recognize them as Tibetans, but call them Muya.
Muya people have white skin, high noses, round eyes, worship white, and have their own language.
Some people speculate that it may have been formed by the fusion of the surviving remnants of the Tang Wu people who migrated south after the fall of the Bai Gao Kingdom and the local Tang Wu original inhabitants.
If this is really the case, then Bai Gaoguo can be regarded as a queen.