Volume 17 Redefining the Central Plains Chapter 18 Fusu Reform Law
Guanzhong Xianyang, Qin Imperial Palace.
After more than half a month of busyness, the situation in Guanzhong has finally stabilized, but as the monarch of a country, there are still a lot of things to do in Fusu, just like now:
While reviewing the chapter, Fusu listened to Zhang Liang's report: "Your Majesty, the day before yesterday, Your Majesty asked the minister to sort out the criminal law of the Qin State, and eliminate the part that was too cruel.
At present, there are about 200 kinds of crimes in Daqin, most of which are still applicable, but some ministers feel that there is still a need to abolish them, such as the crime of submitting a book. The people were corrupted by corrupt officials and bullied by powerful landlords, and they were not allowed to expose them anonymously, so wouldn't it make the people have no way to live and could only be oppressed by others, so the ministers felt the need to abolish it.
In addition, there is the crime of prosecuting officials. Qin law stipulates that even if the sue wins, he is guilty. This doesn't seem very reasonable, could it be that the people have sued the corrupt officials for their history and eliminated harm for the country, but they will be punished!? Isn't that just unreasonable? The minister also thinks that it should be abolished! I wonder what Your Majesty thinks?"
"Uh-huh——!" Fusu stopped thinking about it for a moment and said, "What the military advisor said is reasonable!" If the people have grievances, they must let them vent out, if they suppress it, it will force the people to rebel, and the current turmoil in the country is largely controlled by these two crimes. Spread the will of the Union, these two crimes will be abolished from now on, in order to encourage the people to protect their legitimate rights and interests, and dare to fight against corrupt officials and corrupt officials, powerful and bullies! Anything else?"
Seeing that he was so easy to speak, Zhang Liang became bolder, and said with a smile: "There are a few more, that is, the crimes of slander and fallacy, the crimes of ancient and non-modern crimes, the crimes of false speech, and the crimes of inappropriate words." These four major sins are to suppress the speech of the people and prohibit the people from spreading dissatisfaction with the court. The minister stole it. The court must not ignore the people's speech, but it must not be too lenient, but like these four articles, the people are not allowed to gather and whisper, and the people are not allowed to comment on current affairs, which is too straightforward and a little too harsh. I wonder if Your Majesty can be simple?"
Fusu thought for a while and said: "It's still the same old saying, it's better to block the people's speech, but you can't ignore it." The common people generally have little knowledge, and they are easily instigated by treacherous people, so it is still necessary for some to be convicted and governed. So be it. These four crimes are combined into one crime of slander and false speech, which is defined as: a person who slanders another person without clear evidence is a crime of slander and slander of the emperor, plus one degree; Those who spread the remarks of cults and witch cups are guilty of the crime of fallacies, and those who vainly attempt to overthrow the court are guilty of one more degree. The rest, what gathers, whispers, and comments on the current situation, as long as it is not too much, let it be with the people! Of course, if anyone commits the crime of slander and false speech, he will still be severely punished!"
"Yes, Your Majesty!" Zhang Liang saw that Fusu was so open-minded. A relaxed smile appeared on his face: "There are ...... other things" Zhang Liang was about to say, but Fusu stopped him: "Okay, let's stop here for the removal and reform of the crime." Everything should be approached gradually, and too many reforms should not be made at a time. Otherwise, it is easy to lose control. And now is a troubled time, and it is also necessary to use heavy codes, and when the world is calm in the future, some unreasonable charges will be slowly removed. Let's talk about the criminal law!"
"Yes. Your Majesty!" Zhang Liang was very satisfied with the six most unreasonable charges that had been eliminated or merged, and he didn't dare to demand too much at one time, so he continued: "Regarding the criminal law. At present, the punishments of our Daqin are divided into death penalty, corporal punishment, imprisonment, answer, fashionable punishment, endurance punishment, relocation punishment, ho punishment, redemption punishment, abolition punishment, evaluation punishment, etc., and each punishment is divided into different levels, which is too cumbersome and too harsh. There are dozens of punishments for the death penalty alone, such as: razing the three tribes, exterminating the sect, mouth, splitting the car, dissecting, beheading, abandoning the city, killing, disemboweling, hanging, sacging, tribulus, chiseling, ribbing, mouth cooking, killing, death, etc., which is really terrifying. I would like to ask Your Majesty to abolish most of the death penalty. ”
Fusu thought for a while and said, "That's it, the general capital crime is only punished by beheading." If the crime is so heinous and the circumstances are particularly heinous, the punishment of beheading is not sufficient to punish the minority, and the punishment is to be imposed. Princes and nobles who commit ordinary capital crimes shall be punished with poison. If the people have rebelled or disrespected, if they are not severely punished, it will not be enough to warn the world, and the main culprit will be punished, and his wife and children will also be beheaded, and the rest will not be prosecuted. If a state official or military officer commits rebellion or great disrespect, the principal offender shall be punished by beheading, but the three clans shall be razed. If it is a rebel of the royal relatives and nobles, the main offender will be punished with a car split, raze the three clans, and clear the clan or noble family! The rest of the death sentences are abolished!"
"Your Majesty, if most of the torture is abolished, the people will surely praise our emperor's benevolence, and even the damned will be moved by Your Majesty's benevolence!" Zhang Liang didn't mind slapping a few sycophants.
"Okay, okay, your little bit of fancy intestines is still not clear, the most proud is you, you can fall into the reputation of a loyal minister!" Fusu said with a smile.
Zhang Liang's face turned red, and he continued: "There are also many kinds of corporal punishment: 黥, 劓, 刖, palace, etc. These are also unreasonable, some people have committed crimes, but it is just an accidental mistake, or it is a last resort, but once they are subjected to corporal punishment, whether they cut their noses, cut off their hands and feet, or are tattooed #, castrated, the injuries are for a lifetime, and it is impossible to recover, and they will be discriminated against by others for the rest of their lives, that is, he has the heart to change, I am afraid that there is no chance, that kind of humility and pain ordinary people are simply unimaginable. So I wonder if Your Majesty can abolish corporal punishment?"
Fu Su pondered for a moment and said: "Corporal punishment is indeed too brutal, depriving the prisoner of the opportunity to rehabilitate, but it must not be abolished, otherwise I am afraid that some other painless light punishments will make many people, especially the rich, forget the pain after their scars." In this way, abolish all the present corporal punishments and replace them with boarding. Don't understand what it means? It is that the male prisoner takes off his pants and spanks, although the buttocks are soft, but the beating will still be very painful, and after the torture, once he recovers, others will not see anything abnormal, which is much better than corporal punishment. As for the female prisoner, it's not easy to play the board, so let's change it to whip back, that kind of pain is not tolerable to ordinary people, and you can leave a scar on guard, but you can't see anything from the outside! What does the advisor think?"
"Wonderful!" Zhang Liang glanced at the little star who admired it: "The minister also thinks that it is not a good idea to cut the corporal punishment with one size, but he can't think of a good alternative, so he suggests that His Majesty abolish it all!" I didn't think that His Majesty would come up with two as soon as he thought about it today, and they are both good ways to punish Xiaoxiao and give him a chance to reform himself. Your Majesty!"
Fusu secretly rejoiced in his heart: "What's so difficult about this, isn't it all spanking in the future life!" The idea of abolishing corporal punishment and replacing it with a slapper seems to have been conceived by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, hehe. Sorry, borrowed!" But he said: "Okay, okay, don't pat yourself, is there anything else?"
Zhang Liang hurriedly said: "The principle of the application of the criminal law thinks that there is no need to change it, it is very appropriate, and there are no other suggestions!"
Fusu thought for a while and said, "In this way, there are a few more decrees to be added here, and you can record them." First, the crime of maliciously destroying mountains and forests. From today on, all our Qin countries need to open up wasteland. If it involves the destruction of woodland, grasslands, or lakes, you must apply to the local government. Those who open up wasteland without authorization shall be severely punished for 30 boards, and the wasteland will be returned to official ownership, and it shall be ordered to restore its original state. Anyone who destroys mountains, forests, or lakes without authorization for reasons other than the need for reclamation shall be ordered to pay compensation according to the price and shall be sentenced to a penalty of 50 boards, and in serious cases, an additional sentence of three months to three years' imprisonment.
The government is also not allowed to be too lenient in approving land reclamation, and must follow the principle of not causing serious damage to the local environment, and unless there is a special order from the court. A tax equivalent to 100 catties of corn land is levied on each mu of newly opened wasteland. In addition, the number of acres of cultivated land in the county shall not exceed 30% of the total number of acres in the county! Did you write it down?"
Zhang Liang was a little puzzled and said, "Your Majesty, isn't this crime a blow to the enthusiasm of the people to reclaim the wasteland and farm?" Fusu shook his head and said, "Definitely." Definitely. At present, the mountains and rivers in the north of our country are beautiful, and the land is fertile. It can be cultivated and grazing, but if such large-scale land reclamation is carried out without restrictions, sooner or later the environment will be destroyed. At that time, there will be no land for grazing horses in our country. Once our country no longer produces high-quality war horses, how to compete with goblin riders from the northern desert grasslands!? Have you seen it, Guanzhong was originally a land of fish and rice, not only lush mountains and forests, but also abundant water and grass. It is also a famous granary in the world, but in recent years, buildings such as Koma Mountain, Afang Palace, and Jimiao have been built, and the nearby mountains and forests have almost been cut down. If it is not stopped by severe punishment and allowed to spread, within a hundred years, Guanzhong will no longer produce good horses; In less than 500 years, Guanzhong will become a wild place with serious soil erosion and the people will not be able to eat the hinterland! In the ovary, we can't just look at the immediate interests, nor can we focus on the people, sometimes we have to look farther, and we must also take into account the needs of national defense! Otherwise, in 500 years, not only Guanzhong will be completely destroyed, but even the Central Plains will not be prosperous, and future generations will scold us!"
Zhang Liang was silent when he heard this, nodded for a long time and said, "Your Majesty has seen it for a long time, but Zhang Liang can't do it!" Listening to what His Majesty said, do you plan to vigorously promote horse politics in Guanzhong and the Central Plains?" yes!" Fusu nodded: "A country can't be biased towards literature or martial arts, only by grasping it with both hands and being tough with both hands." It is certain that within a thousand years, our main enemy will come from the steppes of the north, and to compete with the steppe cavalry, we must require our country to build strong cavalry. Therefore, protecting the environment and implementing horse politics will become an unshakable national policy of our Great Qin in the future!"
Zhang Liang nodded, but said with some hesitation: "It's just, Your Majesty, the court strictly controls the pioneering, so what should the people do if they don't have enough arable land?" Fusu shook his head and said: "At least fifty years will not be insufficient arable land, now after the war, the country's population will definitely not exceed 20 million people, and the existing arable land in a huge country can fully support these people." However, in the future, when the days are stable and the population is increasing, it is inevitable that there will be a shortage of arable land. But that doesn't matter, in the future, the federation will establish a new law to severely crack down on powerful landlords, prohibit malicious land annexation, and will legislate that every person in our country has two acres of private property, and if this private property is not illegal, it shall not be seized for any reason, and individuals shall not be sold for any reason, otherwise it will be severely punished. In this way, the problem of the shortage of cultivated land can be alleviated to a certain extent, and at least the people will have a bite to eat!"
Zhang Liang's eyes lit up, and he said happily: "Your Majesty's plan is very good, why didn't you implement it earlier?" Fusu smiled: "No! This land is the lifeblood of those powerful landlords, and now they are fighting the country, do they still need the support of those powerful landlords, and they will be offended early, which is not conducive to the country. It's better to go slowly, so as not to change drastically!"
Fusu thought for a while and said: "Also, the second decree is: abolish the untouchability system and allow intermarriage between good and low. Our Great Qin stipulates that all prisoners of war, fugitives, criminals, family members of criminals, concubines of private families, concubines of ministers of the state and land, prisoners, people who are in exile, sons-in-law, stepfathers, and those who are poor at the end of their careers are all 'untouchables'. However, from now on, there is no distinction between civilians and untouchables in the territory of our Great Qin, and all living beings are equal: those who are guilty of their own crimes in the original 'untouchables' are called 'criminals', and they will be restored to civilian status upon completion of their sentences; The rest of the former 'untouchables' have been reinstated as civilians. In the future, there will be those who dare to call people untouchables, whether they are royal relatives and nobles, or officials and ordinary people, they will be fined a load of corn. Ten strokes of the palm mouth; In addition, all classes in the country can intermarry, and the marriage of men and women cannot be hindered on the grounds that it is good or low. In addition, private concubines, stepfathers, merchants, and former daughters who were innocent of crime all enjoyed the same rights as civilians, and if there were malicious insults or beaters, they would be severely punished for the crime of theft and injury."
Zhang Liang smiled: "Your Majesty thinks about the people everywhere. Grace is everywhere, and he will become a generation of saints in the future!" Fusu smiled: "I accept your good words!" Ofan, it seems that my Qin State has a crime of inaction, you read the specific content to Lian. "Wow!"
Zhang Liang flipped through the mountains of codes around him, hurriedly found out the clause on the crime of inaction, coughed and said: "The civic duties and official duties required by the law, and all actions that should be done and not acted are called "annulment orders!" The law punishes them. If public or private property is found on the road, it must be handed over or reported within the specified time limit, otherwise it will be "quasi-theft". It is a crime of theft minus one degree. Another example is when a neighbor is caught on fire or stolen, and the neighbors know about it and do not report it or save it. All are subject to punishment; Li Dian and Wu Lao are duty, even if they don't know it. He will also be punished. Again, if an official pursues a fugitive and does not assist, he shall be punished; "There are thieves who kill and injure people, and they don't help. In a hundred steps, it is better than the wild, and it is the second class. "When a thief kills or injures someone on the street and does not save him, a hundred paces of the mainlander will be punished, and the price of two collars of armor will be punished as if he injured someone in the wild. Wait!"
Fusu nodded and said, "Ovary, this decree is very good." My Huaxia is known as the country of China and the state of etiquette, if you don't save you when you see death, and you don't fight when you see thieves, won't the world be declining, and the country will not be a country. Ofan, this decree should be implemented in the future, so as to encourage everyone in our Great Qin to have the obligation to punish Xiaoxiao, so as to return my Huaxia Lang Lang Qian. However, this law is not perfect, only the punishment of those who do not act, and there is no reward for those who act bravely, which is not conducive to motivating the people. In this way, the ovary, will be brave enough to see the righteous and brave for the third class of reward: the first class: public reward, that is, the government for the righteous and brave for the announcement of the reward, public reward ten times, the court reward the first level; The second class, money reward, means that the official gives a certain amount of money and property to those who are righteous and brave, and those who get money five times will be rewarded with a knight; The third class: knightly reward, that is, to those who have made great contributions to those who have done righteous and courageous deeds, and directly reward the first to second class of knighthood. As for the specific standard, the ovary, I will leave it to the Tingwei Yamen for careful consideration, and then report it to me!" Yes, Your Majesty! This benevolent way is also, the minister must be dedicated!" Zhang Liang hurriedly recorded.
Speaking of now, Fusu was also a little irritable, so he said to Zhang Liang: "Okay, ovary, let's stop here today!" These decrees will be promulgated first, and there are still shortcomings, and they will be slowly implemented in the future!" Yes, Your Majesty, the minister has retired!"
Zhang Liang retreated, Fu Su looked at the big twist in front of him, and said with a wry smile: "Everyone wants to be the emperor, but if you really do, it is not necessarily a good thing." Of course, it's still cool to be a dizzy gentleman, but it's a pity that I can't do it!" When Fusu was sighing with emotion, he rushed to him unintentionally and shouted: "Your Majesty, Your Majesty, great joy, great joy!" Fusu was taken aback and said, "Wuxin, you are so flustered, how can you be happy!?"
Wuxin smiled and said: "Your Majesty, the Queen Mother, the Empress, the Concubines, the Prince, and Lord Xiao have all rushed back from Shuzhong, and they are almost at the palace gate!" Yes! Really!" Fusu had mixed feelings for a while: after seven or eight years, he hadn't been able to see his family, and now he could finally be reunited. Hurriedly got up and said, "Quick, go out with the couplet!"
When Fusu rushed to the palace gate, he happened to meet a piece of his family's royal car. "Your Majesty!" The guards at the gate of the palace fell down.
The car that was 'busy' stopped suddenly, and where the curtain was opened, the Queen Mother Zheng, the Queen Mother, the Empress Wang, the Imperial Concubine Qi Hong, and the Laughing Spring Breeze all poked out their faces mixed with joy and sorrow, and the corners of the tent also poked out two little heads of love: it was a son and a daughter in Fusudi: Win Ze, Win Xiang.
"Emperor, husband, brother......" In the call of relatives, there are two timid calls: "Father!"
"Well, Lian is good, Lian is good, I miss you guys!" Fusuton burst into tears, cried with joy, and no longer cared about the emperor's face, he became intimate with his relatives......
Soon, the new reform decree of Fusu was promulgated all over the world, and for a time the Qin realm was shaken, and the people were all happy to call Fusu benevolent and righteous.