When Tomar's parliament elected Philip II of Spain as King of Portugal in 1581, the Spanish king made a series of promises. He pledged that the Portuguese Parliament should be convened only within Portuguese territory and that the inherent legal rights, freedoms and laws of all former places were inviolable. All governors, governors, and other important high-ranking officials, except those proposed by the Crown, should be Portuguese, as should senior officials in the Church.

The Spanish and Portuguese colonies remained the same, ruled by their respective officials. The currencies of the two countries do not have to be unified either. Even all legal cases concerning the subjects and interests of Portugal did not have to be transferred outside the country for trial. Philip II also pledged to form a Senate of six Portuguese to help him with Portuguese affairs.

All in all, it was Philip II himself who got the crown of Portugal, not the Kingdom of Spain that got the Kingdom of Portugal. Philip II's statement certainly reduced the resistance of the Portuguese to him wearing the Portuguese crown, but it also left a hidden danger in the relationship between the two countries.

Philip II's promise to the members of Tomar's parliament was eventually overturned by himself, his son, and his grandson. For the descendants of Philip II, they did not recognize Portugal as an independent kingdom, and they did not even believe that the Portuguese had the same status and power as the Spaniards within the empire. Naturally, this was a disappointment to the Portuguese, and the roots of the movement for Portuguese independence were laid.

The Portuguese independence movement began with Antonio, the abbot of the Cloistor Monastery and the grandfather of Isabella, the concubine of the current Ming Emperor, who did not believe that the King of Spain had the right to inherit the Portuguese throne and that the throne should belong to him.

In order to reclaim the throne of Portugal, which he considered to be his own, the benevolent brother traveled back and forth between England and France, trying to obtain foreign funding. Queen Elizabeth of England rejected him, but Henry III's mother, Catherine de Medici, recognized him as King of Portugal.

Abbot Antonio, however, may have spent so long in the convent that he had forgotten how to make political deals with European royalty. Just because of the negligible support of Catelyn de Medici, the abbot went so far as to give the whole of Brazil to France. Antonio's irrational behavior immediately caused him to lose the support of the Portuguese, and for the Portuguese nobles, they preferred to keep Brazil recognizing the King of Spain as their own rather than exchange Brazil for a Grape king.

When the abbot disappeared from France, and none of the Portuguese nobles claimed the right to the throne, the attention of the Portuguese public turned in another direction, and they invented the unrealizable belief that Sebastião would return to the throne and become independent of the Kingdom of Portugal from the Spaniards.

Sebastião was the last king of Portugal before it was annexed by the Spaniards, and in the eyes of the Portuguese, their misfortune and humiliation began with the king's death in the battle of Alcassel-Kebir. But whether the king was really dead or not, the Portuguese, who did not see Sebastion's body, chose not to believe it after experiencing the humiliation inflicted by the Spaniards.

This sense of independence of the Portuguese led to the emergence of adventurers who posed as Sebastião, and these impostors were all executed by the Spaniards. However, the Spaniards could execute these adventurers who pretended to be Sebastion, but they could not erase the growing desire of the Portuguese for independence.

Especially after Spain became deeply involved in the wars with the European powers, the Spaniards tried to crush the rebellion of the United Provinces and were on the verge of war with the British, while at the same time actively intervening in the religious question of France. As a consequence of the Spaniards' erection of enemies, the Portuguese merchant ships, which had no quarrel with the three countries, were attacked by French, English, and Dutch pirates.

The Portuguese soon discovered that the resentment provoked by the Spaniards would eventually be counted on their heads. For example, in 1588, when the Spaniards tried to attack England, the Portuguese fleet that followed the Spanish Armada was not only destroyed with the whole army, but Lisbon was retaliated by the English navy the following year.

In 1594 King Philip tried to put pressure on the Dutch by confiscating fifty Dutch ships on the Tagus and forbidding the Portuguese to continue to trade with the Dutch. This resulted in the Portuguese losing their most valuable trading patron and channel of sales to all of Europe.

By 1597, the Dutch bypassed the Portuguese and went directly to the East to buy spices, resulting in the loss of their monopoly on the Oriental spice trade. When King Philip II died in 1598, the Portuguese found that they had emptied the treasury for His Majesty's sake, and had lost most of their naval and merchant fleets.

As for the next King of Spain, Philip III, he did not care about the Kingdom of Portugal and only visited Lisbon once in his life. His empty promises to the Portuguese were no less than those of his father, but they were never fulfilled and he repeatedly violated the Habsburgs' agreements with the Kingdom of Portugal.

By the time of the death of Philip III in 1621, relations between the Kingdom of Portugal and Spain had deteriorated dramatically, and the sense of independence had expanded from a small number of nobles to all Portuguese.

During the reign of Philip III, the overseas colonies of the Kingdom of Portugal continued to shrink, the Dutch were greedy for Brazil, and the Portuguese colonies in West Africa were under attack from European countries.

In 1608 the fleet of the Dutch East India Company attacked Mo Sanbi on the east coast of Africa, and although Estvand Atede eventually held on to Mo Sanbi, the city was left in ruins.

In the decades that followed: in India, the Dutch invaded Ceylon; In the South Seas, the Dutch seized the Spice Islands; In the Americas, the Dutch captured northeastern Brazil... The Portuguese colonial empire, built on the Treaty of Tordesillas, was gradually collapsing under the encroachment of the emerging European powers such as the Netherlands, Great Britain, and France.

When the Ming Dynasty of the East joined the carnival, India and the entire Portuguese colonies in the East were forced to face a choice question. Either perish with the Spaniards, or break away from the Spanish Empire and seek the independence of Portugal.

Before the Tang king visited Goa with his fleet, the Spanish Prime Minister Duke Olivares had pursued a policy of Spanish Hispanicization in Portugal and Catalonia, which had made the Portuguese and Catalonian people unbearable any longer, and a storm of independence was brewing in Portugal, and this storm had spread to Goa and all Portuguese colonies in the East.

Of course, for the Portuguese in Goa, the storm of domestic independence was far less than the seizure of colonial administration of the city of Malacca and Macau by the Macau Restoration Committee with the help of the Ming Dynasty. Add to this the British and United Provinces' raids and occupations of Mozambique, Ceylon and the Spice Islands, and the Portuguese eastern trade routes are already in trouble.

However, even though the Portuguese at home and abroad no longer disputed the independence of the Kingdom of Portugal, there was still some controversy about who would be the king of Portugal, and of course this dispute mainly existed in India and the Portuguese colonies in the East.

For example, the current governor of Goa, Don Pedro da Silva, is more inclined to the opinion of the domestic aristocracy, that Joao, Duke of Braganza, should take over the throne of Portugal, rather than Princess Isabella, who is supported by the Macau Restoration Committee.

However, the merchants and parliamentarians of Goa apparently did not agree with the Viceroy, and after several fruitless attempts, after the New Year of 1639, the Speaker of the Chamber, Antoniles de Meneses, accompanied by Sarmento and other councillors, entered the Governor's residence to prepare for a showdown with Governor Don Pedro da Silva.

The Governor's Residence, which had been converted from the Tu King Palace in Adisah, was exotic, but Speaker Antony and several councillors had no intention of admiring the scenery and hurried into the tiled palace.

Governor Silva, who was taking a nap, was so angry at the arrival of these uninvited guests that he hurried out of his bedroom in a silk nightgown. In the empty meeting room, Governor Silva reprimanded Speaker Anthony and others: "What exactly do you want to do? As I have already said, this matter needs to be taken seriously, and it is not something that can be decided in a short period of time.

With more than 300,000 inhabitants and dozens of ships, can we easily hand over to a woman who calls herself the Queen of Portugal? Just because she says she's Antonio's granddaughter? God, even her grandfather was not the king of Portugal for a day, so why should she claim to be the queen of Portugal? ”

Noreti, the representative of Macau beside Speaker Antony, immediately replied: "Of course, it is the Ming Emperor who stands behind the queen, the Governor-General. If it weren't for the support of the Ming Emperor, how could the Restoration Committee be able to reclaim the interests of Malacca City and the Spice Islands? We represent not only the will of the Portuguese in all the Eastern colonies, but also the will of His Majesty the Emperor.

I would like to remind the Governor that the Ming was a vast empire of 20,000 people, and that the Emperor had enough fleet to build a pontoon bridge from the Ming to Goa. Over the past few years, His Majesty the Emperor has defeated the Dutch in Batavia and the Spaniards in Manila. To the west of the Strait of Malacca, it has become the inland sea of the Ming Dynasty. ”

Governor Silva did not react to Noretti's intimidation, and he stood there and mockingly retorted: "The Restoration Committee assisted the Chinese in seizing the Portuguese city of Malacca, do you think this is the friendship shown by the Chinese to the Kingdom of Portugal?"

So the next step, are we going to hand over Ceylon, Goa, Diu, and Mumbai to the Chinese? What does it mean for the Kingdom of Portugal that we oppose a Spaniard as our king, and then we welcome a Chinese as our king? And he's still a heretic.

No, if I really want to support the independence of the Kingdom of Portugal, I would rather choose João, Duke of Bragança, than the granddaughter of a rebel party who betrayed Brazil to France. ”

While Noretti was speechless, Speaker Antony suddenly said: "Princess Isabella already has a son, I think we can let him inherit the throne of Portugal, Bishop Antonio has baptized him, His Royal Highness the little prince is an orthodox Christian, I think this has eliminated the problem of jurisprudence."

Also, it doesn't really matter whether we support the Duke of Bragança as King of Portugal, does the Governor think that the Duke of Bragança cares who supports him in the colonies? Oh, maybe he'll remember you, Lord Governor, but not us, little people.

Therefore, even if Duke Bragança ascends to the throne, he will not be grateful to us. But Princess Isabella is different, at least she knows who has her back. When Princess Isabella's son inherited the Portuguese throne, we were always more trusted than the nobles at home.

Even if Princess Isabella's son does not inherit the throne of Portugal in the end, our trade activities in the East can be protected by the Ming Dynasty, this kind of thing has only good and no harm, why do you oppose it, Your Governor? ”