In terms of machine guns, the light machine guns equipped by various Chinese armies during the War of Resistance were mainly 7.9 mm Czech guns (common to German-style guns), which were superior in quality to the Japanese Taisho Eleventh Year light machine guns (called "crooked handles" by the Chinese). Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 infoIn 1939, the Japanese army developed the Type 99 light machine gun, which was also not mass-produced. The Japanese heavy machine gun is Type 92, which relies on a bullet plate to feed ammunition, which is inconvenient to operate and easy to jam. Most of the heavy structures used by the Chinese military are of the Makqin type, which is much more reliable except for the trouble of water cooling. In the later stage of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang army was also equipped with a large number of American-made Thomson and British Stern submachine guns, and the Japanese army invading China has never been equipped with such weapons.

The Japanese army's main armament is the southern 14-year type (called "Wang Ba Box" by the Chinese), which is often called "the worst pistol in World War II" by the military industry because of the poor quality of spring steel. The imported pistols used in China at that time were a mess, but most of them were German-style Mauser automatic pistols (i.e., "twenty shots"), which were the best automatic pistols in the world at that time.

Judging from the quality of the firearms that China was mainly equipped with at that time, it was slightly better than that of the Japanese army invading China. Before the Anti-Japanese War, the Chinese army was chaotic, but since the end of the Qing Dynasty, most of the military circles have favored German-style 7.9 mm guns, and the earliest rifle equipped in large quantities is an improved version of the Mauser gun - "made in Hanyang". In 1935, according to the advice of German advisers, the Nanjing government unified the whole army with the German-style Kar98 Mauser rifle as the standard. This gun was also the main equipment of the German army in World War II, and its performance was superior to that of the Japanese army's Meiji 38 (1905) rifle. Most of the old people who participated in the Anti-Japanese War know that the wound of the seventy-nine guns is small when it goes in, and it can bring out a piece of flesh when it comes out; The 6.5 mm "38 big cover" is not only small in caliber, but also due to ballistic design defects, "how big an eye is when you go in, how big an eye is when you come out". At that time, people jokingly said: "I hit the devil with 38 shots, and the devil came back in a few days"; "38 shots hit the anti-Japanese fighters, recuperate for a few days and continue to resist the Japanese." In 1939, the Japanese army developed a 7.7 mm caliber Type 99 rifle, which had the same performance as the German Type 98, but only a small amount of equipment was limited due to production capacity.

In the early stage of the all-out war of resistance, the Japanese army had a certain advantage in heavy firearms. Judging from the comparison of ground artillery, the number of light and heavy artillery pieces in China is slightly less than that of the Japanese army, and although the quality of Japanese products is inferior to some German-style equipment imported from China, it has the advantage of being fully equipped and having a strong ammunition replenishment capacity. In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang army imported hundreds of German-made mountain guns and howitzers of good quality, with 75 mm caliber guns as the main force, but because the shells needed to be imported and the means of transportation were backward, the continuity of firepower could not be guaranteed. For example, at the beginning of the "August 13" Anti-Japanese War in Shanghai, China's artillery could still partially suppress the Japanese army, but after a long time, it was overwhelmed in firepower.

The Chinese and Japanese armies have always been highly mobile in combat, and there are few battles to tackle tough battles, and there are not many occasions to use heavy artillery. In the field, both sides mainly used light rifled guns and mortars, and their equipment appeared to be different. The Chinese side has a large caliber of mortars, generally 82 mm, but the number of equipment is small, for example, a regiment of the Central Army only has a mortar company (equipped with 4-6 guns). The Japanese army is equipped with not many imitation French 81 mm mortars, but a squadron (company) has 6 50 mm mortars (grenadiers), which are small in power but convenient and universal in use.

In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, the Eighth Route Army picked up the 12 75mm mountain guns discarded by the Jin army in Yan Xishan when they fled, and formed the only artillery regiment, but due to the lack of artillery sources, it could only go into battle in several important battles. During the Anti-Japanese War, the Eighth Route Army's arsenal made some of its own grenadiers and the ammunition they used, and the New Fourth Army also produced hundreds of 51 mm light mortars by secretly transporting machines and steel pipes from Shanghai, but due to the limited ammunition, they could only be used in key battles. On the battlefield behind enemy lines at that time, the Communist-led army persisted in the war of resistance in the most difficult environment in the face of the conditions with the widest disparity in firepower.

From the autumn of 1937 to the end of 1941, the number of front-line combat aircraft of the Japanese army invading China remained at about 500, and it could be quickly replenished by the country's annual production of several thousand. The planes of the Chinese Air Force all relied on external purchases, and began to mainly use American-made **** III fighters and the subsequent Soviet-aided I-15 and I-16, whose performance was comparable to the Japanese army's Nakajima 97 and Mitsubishi 96 fighters, but because the pilots and fighters lacked supplementary capabilities, they fought less and less, and the air combat mainly relied on the Soviet Volunteer Air Force. After the appearance of the Japanese Zero fighter in 1940, air supremacy completely fell into the hands of the enemy. According to Li Zongren's recollections, the biggest concern during the early days of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was the bombing by Japanese planes, and the command posts of front-line generals such as Tang Enbo were in constant flux all day long.

In the later stages of the Anti-Japanese War, there was a major change in the balance of heavy firearms on the battlefield in China. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the unit was expanded into the 14th Air Force of the United States, which was successively equipped with a large number of new fighters and bombers, such as the P-51 "Mustang" as the world's best fighter at that time. In addition to the external transfer of the main force of the Japanese air force, after 1943, the air supremacy of the Chinese theater was already in the hands of the Sino-US joint air force. According to the US 14th Air Force, its air attack killed and wounded a total of 120,000 Japanese troops, which is naturally exaggerated, but the Japanese offensive in 1944 did mainly rely on night marching, and after opening up the Pinghan and Guangdong-Hanzhou railways, these "mainland communication lines" could not be repaired and opened to traffic due to the fierce air raids. According to the records of the Japanese army's war history, during the siege of Hengyang, its forward troops "had to drill in holes like ground mice" during the day, and because of the lack of supply, they had to let the soldiers eat rice with steel helmets, almost repeating the mistake of cutting off the supply of Imphal in World War I.

。 rifle

Some people say that the comprehensive performance of the Chinese Mauser Mauser rifle is better than that of the Japanese army's Type 38.

Yes, the comprehensive performance is that the Mauser is a head higher, the problem is that the Japanese army's 38 big cover has its own special advantages, and the Japanese army has made good use of this advantage.

That is, the firing range is long (the gauge range reaches 2400 meters), and the shooting is very accurate.

The Japanese military has always advocated accurate rifle shooting, believing that it can embody the spirit of bushido.

The Japanese soldiers were all trained in shooting, and most of them were excellent marksmen, and they were a perfect match for the 38 style.

During the Anti-Japanese War, the quality of the soldiers of the Chinese army was low, and even the Eighth Route Army, which had a strong will to fight, could not compare with the Japanese army in long-distance firepower and accuracy due to the poor quality of the soldiers and the short training time. Charging at close range is also a last resort. You must know that the Japanese army is good at fighting bayonets, and it is not weak in close combat.

Moreover, most of the **** are on the defensive for strategic and tactical reasons.

The Japanese artillery fire was absolutely superior, and the Chinese army could not charge and return fire when the Japanese shelled it, so it could only dodge.

After the shelling was over, the Japanese could accurately kill and injure Chinese soldiers outside the range of the Chinese army's rifle fire.

This is also an important reason for the heavy losses of Chinese soldiers in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War.

2。 Light machine gun

The only advantage of the Chinese side is the light machine gun.

The Czechs had a great advantage over the crooked handles, but the number of light machine guns in the Chinese army was far inferior to that of the Japanese army.

In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, the Gui Army and other armies hastily received machine guns before they went to the battlefield, and a company was often only equipped with three.

That's it, because the soldier had not been trained in machine gun shooting before, and it was impossible to find a machine gunner who could use these three machine guns.

The combat effect can be imagined.

Although the crooked handle has many faults and complex reloading, the accuracy is very good, and it uses a funnel type to feed ammunition, which is not limited by the number of bullets in the magazine, and the continuous firepower is not bad.

Both the Eighth Route Army and the Central Army had a certain number of crooked handles, which also proved this.

3。 Heavy machine guns

The amount of equipment on the Chinese side is simply not comparable to that of the Japanese army

The Japanese army was equipped with a large number of heavy machine guns, which was far beyond the reach of the Chinese army.

Moreover, the cunning Japanese army, in the face of a small number of heavy machine guns, often used infantry artillery to knock them out.

The Chinese army, which did not have infantry artillery, simply had no way to return fire.

Although the Japanese machine gun was slightly heavier than Maxim and air-cooled, it still maintained a good sustained fire ability and accuracy.

Until the Pacific Islands battle, Japanese heavy machine guns still played a large role, eliminating a large number of American soldiers.

4。 Grenadier canisters

The Japanese grenadier was a very good weapon, surpassing the German advanced light mortar and other similar weapons in the world.

At 800 meters, it has a good shooting accuracy and is quite good.

According to the memories of veterans of the Eighth Route Army, the Japanese grenadiers often hit the crowd accurately, often causing a large number of casualties to the Eighth Route Army, which was good at charging in close combat groups.

And it is extremely light, only 4.7 kilograms, and the manufacturing cost is even about the same as that of a rifle.

The grassroots units of the Japanese army were heavily equipped, and each squad was equipped with one.

The weapon was so practical that the U.S. military suffered from it in Saipan and Iwo Jima.

After seeing the power of the grenadier with the Eighth Route Army, they were all imitated. However, due to the limitations of the military industry, the effect is not good.

5。 hand grenade

The Japanese melon grenade was not as far as the German grenade, but it was powerful and the fragments were evenly distributed.

If it explodes in the air, it will make it almost impossible for soldiers to survive a few meters around.

Compared with the **** inferior imitation German grenade, the Japanese grenade also has considerable advantages.

6。 bayonet

The Japanese bayonet is a little longer than the bayonet of the Zhongzheng rifle, don't underestimate these ones. In hand-to-hand combat, many Chinese soldiers almost stabbed the devil and died with hatred.

7。 pistol

As for the small number of casualties caused by pistols in World War II, it is almost negligible, and it is difficult to use pistols in regular army combat.