More than ten days after the Yellow Turban Army in Yangzhai County was broken, Guo Bin received an edict from the imperial court, accompanied by Yuan Shao's personal letter.

The first part of the edict was to reprimand Guo Bin, to the effect that since the imperial court let you command the Yue cavalry camp, you kid should lead the troops to fight for me, don't meddle with the party's affairs. After some reprimand, he turned to praise Guo Bin's excellent performance in the extermination of the Yellow Turban Army in Yangzhai County, earning face for the Son of Heaven and living up to the importance of the Son of Heaven. In the end, the title remained unchanged, the official position did not change, and he was still the Marquis of Fulong Pavilion, leading the Yue cavalry battalion with the cavalry captain, and the main task became to assist the main force of the official army on the southern road to exterminate the Yellow Turban Army entrenched in Yingchuan.

When I opened Yuan Shao's private message, it was a new newspaper issued by the imperial court. Soon, Guo Bin saw the news of amnesty on it. In fact, in the year of the great drought, coupled with the uprisings of the Yellow Turban Army in various places, the Son of Heaven granted amnesty to the world and win the hearts of the people, which is also a common method, but what is exciting in the edict is that there is something else.

In the form of amnesty in the edict, the relatives and the party were exempted from the imprisonment of those who are not in small merit, although it did not rehabilitate Dou Ying and Chen Fan and others~ but it was a signal that the ban on the party was loosened, and it was good news worth celebrating. What Guo Bin, who didn't know was that in April of the first year of Zhongping in history, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty was afraid that the party and the Yellow Turban would make a rebellion together, so he granted amnesty to the world on Ding Youri in April of Xia. One of his opportunistic tricks really advanced the party~ ban on relaxation by a month.

Ordinary people don't know the Tao in this edict, but the people in the officialdom know it: Dou Ying and Chen Fan have been in ancient times for many years, and whether they are rehabilitated or not is a trivial matter, and being able to lift the imprisonment of relatives and party members other than small merits is actually lifting the party's shackles.

What does the so-called "kinship and party membership outside of small merit" refer to?

Xiaogong is the name of the old mourning clothes, the fourth of the five clothes. The five costumes are the five different costumes in the funeral system, and the costumes and mourning period will also change according to the distance between relatives and relatives.

Xiaogong's clothing is made of cooked linen, depending on the great gong as fine, and the hemp is thicker. Expiration date: May. Whoever is a great-grandparent, uncle, cousin, unmarried grandmother, married cousin, brother's wife, cousin and unmarried cousin; Maternal relatives are maternal grandparents, maternal uncles, maternal aunts, etc., all of whom are served.

To put it simply, the family includes your great-grandparents, grandparents, grandfather's brothers and cousins, grandfather's unmarried sisters and cousins, married cousins, brothers' daughters-in-law, grandfather's brother's grandsons (i.e., men of the same generation with the same great-grandfather but different grandfathers, who are cousins), and granddaughters of unmarried grandfather's brothers (women of the same generation with the same great-grandfather but different grandfathers, as cousins).

Among the maternal relatives, they are maternal grandparents (i.e., grandparents), uncles, and aunts.

Above the small gong, there is great gong, qi decay (yin cui), chopping decay (yin cui), and the kinship increases in turn, and under the small gong, there is 缌 (sound si) hemp. In ancient times, these five types of kinship corresponded to five different periods of mourning and the thickness of mourning clothes. From the heaviest cuts, the coarsest raw linen cloth was worn, and the broken parts were exposed, to the lightest linen, which was made of finer cooked linen, and the clothing system was gradually reduced. The period of mourning decreases from three years to three months.

Liu Hong's edict lifted the ban on people whose relatives were outside of Xiaogong, and in fact lifted the ban on people who were implicated outside the party's own family. And this part of the people is the group of people who have been most widely implicated in the disaster of the party.

In the fifth year of Xiping (176), in the leap month, Yongchang Taishou Cao Luan wrote a letter to avenge the grievances of the "party members" and asked for the release of the imprisonment, but Emperor Ling not only did not listen, but arrested and executed Cao Luan. Then, Emperor Ling issued an edict that all party protégés, former officials, fathers and sons, and brothers who were appointed officials would be dismissed, imprisoned for life, and implicated in the five clans.

In other words, the second disaster of the party not only banned all the family members of the party, but even the protégés and former officials of the party. And the main beneficiaries of this lifting of the lockdown are the protégés and former officials of these party members.

And what kind of person does the so-called "protégé and former official" refer to? The so-called "protégé" refers to students and disciples, and the Eastern Han Dynasty of China called the Confucian master who personally taught the profession as a disciple, and the person who taught it in turn was a protégé. And "old officials" refer to the old subordinates of the bureaucrats and those who were promoted by them to officials.

Why ban his protégés and former officials together?

Because the Eastern Han Dynasty was mainly recruited through inspection and requisition, and bureaucratic recommendation was required, a large number of people who pursued fame and fortune sought refuge under the bureaucrats who started with Confucianism as protégés. As a protégé, he not only has to give out money and goods, but also to serve his master, and even to do illegal things for his master. The protégé should be the master of the courtesy of the monarch and the father and son, and the master should serve the funeral for 3 years after the death of the master, and continue to serve his descendants, forming a hereditary vassal relationship.

In addition, since the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the tendency of electors to "discuss the family surname and read the valve" has been strengthened, and the way to be an official has gradually been monopolized by the wealthy surnames. Generally, people who are "rich in the world" often have to take refuge in wealthy families in order to have the opportunity to be recommended by their subordinates or to be recommended by them to be officials. In the Han system, the three dukes had to be self-employed, the history of the assassin had to be engaged, and the two thousand stones were too guarded to make the history of Cao Peng. These people who have been promoted successively are always called the former officials of the prefect or the recommender in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Therefore, once the official is set up, he is the same retainer, calling the chief the lord of the house, promoting the lord, serving him, giving gifts, and even life and death depend on each other, sharing weal and woe. After the death of the lord of the house, the official shall serve three years of mourning, and continue to serve his descendants or broker his family wealth.

Therefore, the so-called "protégé and former official" has become the peripheral force of the gate valve family. Liu Hong wants to implicate the protégés and former officials of the party, which means that the interest groups involved in the party members are collectively blocked, and all this political force is to be strangled, which is actually a contest between the imperial power and the gate lord clan.

Because behind the party members, there are often gate valve clans.

Take the four representative figures of the disaster of the party: Dou Wu, Chen Fan, Li Ying, and Du Mi as examples: Dou Wu is the great-grandson of Dasikong Dou Rong and the son of Dingxiang Taishou Dou Feng. Because the eldest daughter Dou Miao was made the queen, she moved to Langzhong to ride the captain and was named the Marquis of Huaili. The following year, he was the captain of the city gate. When Dou Wu was in office, he called for celebrities, and the rewards of the two palaces were also donated to the Tai students, and they were supported by the scholars. Emperor Ling succeeded to the throne and worshiped the general.

Chen Fan, who had great ambitions when he was a teenager, studied under Hu Guang, and was promoted to lieutenant in the eighth year of Yanxi (165).

Li Ying, the grandson of Taiwei Li Xiu and the son of Li Yi, the prime minister of Zhao. At the beginning, he was promoted as filial piety, and was conquered by Situ Hu Guang, and successively served as the Taishou of Yuyang and Shu County. He also transferred to the captain of Wuhuan, and Emperor Huan used Li Ying as the general of Duliao, and later entered the dynasty as Henan Yin, and was promoted to the captain of Sili.

Du Mi was recruited by Situ Huguang and soon transferred to the post of acting county taishou. After being promoted three times, he was transferred to Taishan Taishou and Beihai Minister. Later, Emperor Liu Zhi of the Han Dynasty recruited Du Mi and appointed him as Shang Shuling, and then transferred to Henan Yin, and later transferred to the imperial servant.

Looking at the backgrounds and resumes of these people, all of them are high-ranking officials, and behind Dou Wu and Li Ying, they are the gate lords of the ministers. And they have been officials for many years, and the protégés and former officials behind them can be said to be all over the government and the opposition, and they are an extremely powerful force. Presumably, the second emperor Huan Ling was also very determined to launch the disaster of the party.

Let's take a look at Hu Guang, who has been mentioned many times in the resumes of Chen Fan, Li Ying, and Du Mi.

Hu Guang, a native of Huarong, Nanjun. Filial piety at the beginning, and the first in the middle of the test. He successively served as Shang Shulang, Shang Shu Servant, Runan Taishou, Dasi Nong, Situ, Taiwei and other positions, and was awarded the title of Anle Township Marquis for his meritorious service in supporting Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty. After Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty succeeded to the throne, he worshiped Situ and recorded Shangshu. After Chen Fan was killed, he took over as Taifu. In the first year of Xiping (172), Hu Guang died at the age of eighty-two, and was nicknamed "Wengong". Its posthumous gifts and funeral specifications are the most popular since the rise of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

The so-called: "Ignore everything and ask Bo Shi (Hu Guangzi), there is Hu Gong in the middle of the world", which means that Hu Guang is familiar with the rules, has experience in doing things, is soft and humble, does not contradict anyone, and is a typical official ~ bureaucracy.

Among the four representatives of the party, three are Hu Guang's protégés, and even Cai Yong has also studied under Hu Guang.

People say that the fourth and third dukes of the Yuan family in Runan, and the protégés are all over the world. can be compared with Hu Guangyi, even the people he once recruited also achieved the "Three Princes", and Hu Guangcai at that time was really a protégé and a former official all over the world. If you want to say that Chen Fan, Li Ying, and Du Mi have nothing to do with Hu Guang, if you are the Son of Heaven, you can't believe it. In the power struggle, even if you don't have that heart, as long as you have the ability, you have to die, and Hu Guang can not only get a good death, but also be extremely sad after death, doesn't it make people feel strange?

If you look at this matter from conspiracy theories, it is clear that Liu Hong, the Son of Heaven, wants to move him, but he can't move him because he is too involved, so he can only use his protégés "Chen Fan, Li Ying, Du Mi" and others to make a move. High-level politics, who is not cautious and walking on thin ice? Therefore, after the position reaches a certain height, many things that seem to be very coincidental in the eyes of ordinary people are often not coincidences. At the extreme, there are no coincidences in the game of high-level politics.

Therefore, the so-called Chen Fan, Li Ying, and Du Mi happen to be Hu Guang's protégés, which is a relatively naïve idea.

It can also be seen that during the period of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the very distinctive "Gate Valve Scholar Family" and "Valve Reading Family" had been formed in the Han Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the contradiction between the "Valve Reading Family" and the Son of Heaven broke out once in the form of "the disaster of the party".

In the short term, the result was that the party members were imprisoned and banned, and in the long run, after 22 years of banning, the Son of Heaven bowed to the "Valve-reading Family".

In the end, after 400 years of Dahan foundation, it still perished in the hands of the "Valve Reading Family".

This time, the edict of Liu Hong, the son of heaven, is to bow to the "valve reading family". Because of the protégé of the Xie ~ Forbidden Party, to a large extent, they are wealthy families who sell good places.

Because, since the expansion of the scope of the party in the fifth year of Xiping (176), affecting the protégés and former officials of the party, to the first year of Zhongping (184), the family relationship and the party were exempted from the imprisonment of those who are not small merits, and a full eight years have passed.

In the officialdom where people go to tea and cool, eight years is enough time to replace the officials in the court with several stubbles. Some of the protégés and former officials of the party have even died, and the so-called lifting of the ban, in addition to restoring their reputation, is probably to make their past "sins" so that they will not poison their descendants.

Liu Hong sold the wealthy families in this way, and his purpose was just to entrap them, let them work hard for the imperial court, and jointly exterminate the Yellow Turban Army.

Despite this, Guo Bin's name really spread in the Han Dynasty. Because Guo Bin's memora can't be hidden, those who benefit from this amnesty will naturally know the cause and effect of this incident. For Guo Bin, who made a righteous move, he is also talked about by people all over the world.

In the first year of Zhongping, Taizu wrote a book, please go to the party ~ forbidden, the Son of Heaven allowed it.

--"Taizu Benji"