This is an era of capital expansion. Capital brought about a great revolution. The power of this revolution was far beyond anyone's imagination. He doesn't seem to be controlled by anyone's will. At the same time, it is controlled by anyone's will. That's capital.

Behind the rapid development of South Korea's economy is the power of capital expansion.

Reform of Shangwen in the Qin State. In particular, the major reform of financial capital has greatly brought out the power of this capital expansion.

The first thing that Qin changed was the change in the object of tax collection. This. It was very important for the capital liberation of Qin. Before the Qin state, taxes were levied in kind. or labor, except for military service. Even in the Tang Dynasty, when the feudal dynasty was at its peak. It is still mainly in kind, but it divides military service. This was still the case in subsequent feudal dynasties.

But by the time of the Ming Dynasty. Zhang Juzheng's tax reform with a whip law initially changed this situation. That is to say. By the time of the Ming Dynasty. It is the role of money in taxation. Before any dynasty. None of them are settled in currency. This is why, in Chinese history, the development of capitalism began only in the Ming Dynasty. If money does not play a fundamental role in the taxation of the state, and if the state taxes cannot be settled in money, then the role of money cannot be established.

The first of Shangwen's reforms was to highlight the role of money. All of a sudden, the object of the state's taxation became money. Taxes are levied in monetary terms.

First of all, after the appearance of money. The state will no longer treat the currency as an auxiliary tool. The most expiring. The state should attach importance to the role of currency. Unlike the Han Dynasty, the state's coinage rights were initially in private hands. It's hard to imagine. After the state attaches importance to the currency. Money is tied to the credit of the national government. In this way, the country's currency has a stable foundation. This foundation will have a direct impact on all aspects of a country's life. So, the advent of money has linked everything together. In this way, it promotes the degree of close interconnectedness of a country's economy. The state of Qin did this first. This is also the main reason for the rapid expansion of Qin half two banknotes in various countries. Qin Banliang represents the Qin State. The representative of Qin's strength is Qin Banliang. It's like the gold coins of Rome.

Secondly. After the country has laid the foundations of the currency. All taxes will be paid in currency. In this way, the objects of state taxation will expand to many areas at once. For example, business. Moreover, in order to be able to pay more taxes, the state naturally began to tilt some taxes in business. These are obvious.

Business activities are where the most taxes are generated. Especially on the basis that the tax rate cannot be increased. Only by making efforts to expand the source of tax revenue can we increase the total amount of tax revenue. After Qin Guo figured out this problem. began to slowly change the original basic national policy. The government is slowly starting to deliberately support some commercial projects. As long as you can make money. The government will encourage it. Or even proactively guide people on how to get involved. This is also the secret of Qin's commercial development. If put in the past. The state of Qin was unable to change such a national policy, which had been in place for more than 130 years.

At the beginning, Shang Wen wanted to challenge this national policy. The difficulty of changing such a national policy has exceeded Shang Wen's imagination. However, a change in Shangwen's taxation turned out to be an inadvertent change. This is something Shang Wen could not imagine.

The effect of the tax reform with money as the unit of settlement was that the Qin state encouraged the expansion of commercial activities. And began to use capital activities to serve the state. This further brought a lot of development space for the expansion of capital, and the expansion of this space further promoted the further strengthening of the Qin State.

At last. The impact of the monetary revolution was widespread. The point of money is that it connects everything. Money began to represent wealth in the true sense of the word. The concrete meaning of wealth becomes concrete. And in the previous state of Qin. The meaning of wealth is very vague. Real gold, beauty. Power, beautiful building. These are all symbols of wealth. However, there is no uniform standard for the specific criteria used for measurement. That's what money means when it comes in. Unify these wealthes. There is a stable ruler. His significance is that people no longer blur the various social resources. For example, beauty, gold, and various building resources, etc. These have a yardstick to measure up. That criterion is money. Arguably. The significance of money is unusually significant.

And throughout the era of feudal dynasties. Because of the ambiguity of social wealth, people's ability to use resources is not very high. Because the symbolic meaning of wealth is very vague, this reform of Shangwen is to concretize wealth. Moreover, money links the various resources of society as a whole. This has brought great convenience to the allocation of resources for socialized large-scale production.

With the reform of money as a unit of taxation. This prompted various social strata of the Qin State to start a variety of commercial activities around money. Slowly, a kind of business specializing in currency business appeared in various business activities, and the emergence of this kind of business gave birth to the early capital market. That's what the bank is. The significance of the bank is to concentrate the use of social money, and then redistribute the money, which is an effective way of distribution, which indirectly promotes the distribution of social resources. The emergence of this kind of distribution has made social resources more rational and scientific.

The emergence of banks has far-reaching significance for the Qin State. So to speak. Without banks, the Qin State would have no capital. There is no multiple use of these capitals. As well as the distribution of capital flows in various industries, then the Qin State will need at least about three hundred years of development time. And these three hundred years will be a great change for the Qin State.

The emergence of banks put the capital of Qin on the stage of history. The bank gathered a large number of currencies from all aspects of the Qin state. These currencies came from all sorts of businesses, the arms business, the grain business, the slave business, the leather business, the meat business, and so on, all of which were based on the exchange of money. At the same time, the emergence of banks has led to a great deal of growth in these businesses.

People are getting used to borrowing the capital they need most from banks. This capital is enough to more than double their business. In fact, it is true that the expansion of Qin's capital comes largely from the expansion of the power of capital.

The reason why the pastures in the north of the Qin State expanded so much at once. It is because the bank provides a large number of loans. Relying only on immigrants who do not have any foundation. It would also take the Qin state fifty years to establish pastures of varying sizes there. These pastures can slowly control the seized grassland resources. But after the advent of capital. Those immigrants of the Qin State relied on capital and bought their own land greatly. At the same time, on these lands, they continued to buy a wide variety of social needs. Slaves, cattle and sheep. and a variety of means of subsistence. These things undoubtedly made the capital of the Qin State expand a lot by exception. At the same time, it accelerated Qin's ability to control the northern steppes. Similarly, these capitals also appeared in the northwest direction of the Qin state, as well as in other directions.

With the rapid development of the bank, various infrastructure projects in the Qin State were also rapidly launched with the help of the bank. The role of banks is to re-aggregate society's limited money. And then redistribute it.

This is also the reason why, at the beginning, the Qin half tael banknote of the Qin State was not issued enough. This is because the Qin state needs a certain amount of money to circulate. With the Qin State put paper money in large quantities. It was only then that the capital became operational.

It is worth mentioning. The role of paper money in this is very significant. The role of paper money was that the Qin State got rid of a hidden relationship between paper money and currency. Issued through banknotes. The Qin government was free to control the wealth and resources of society. The government can accumulate wealth by issuing more banknotes, so that the role of the national government can be better played.

The power of the Qin state was further amplified by the effect of paper money. In fact, it is also true that the Qin state relied on the power of paper money. Won one war after another. And these wars, the Qin State did not suffer much damage from them. On the contrary, the Qin state received much more benefits than before. For the first time, war became a virtuous circle of action.

And before, after the Qin State launched another large-scale continuous war operation. It is necessary to rest for a considerable period of time, because the war is extremely depleting of national strength. Especially in terms of population strength, the history of the Qin State has proved this. King Zhao of Qin successively launched a campaign against Wei, Korea, and Chu. The war of the Zhao State. As a result, the Qin State was silent for a considerable period of time in the subsequent history. This is because the loss of Qin's national strength is very serious. The Qin state could not afford to build on the existing victories to go to war.

The same is true of Qin Shi Huang's unification war, the ten-year unification war has actually almost destroyed the Qin Empire. At this time, because of the new national defense strategy and security needs, the Qin State did not make timely corrections. As a result, the tragedy played out like this.

And Shang Wen's approach, in fact, is to let the Qin State avoid such a situation. War can actually be a virtuous circle.

Moreover, the emergence of banks has also prompted capital to extend to several other things that have deformed capital. Bonds, stocks, and all kinds of futures. These financial products, one might even say, enriched the way in which the capital power of the Qin State was enriched. Let the Qin State have a more offensive nature in terms of capital expansion, and expand outward. This is also the reason why Qin has adopted a diplomatic approach to supporting other countries.