Chapter 191: Educational Reform (Page 1/1)

After the establishment of the Normal School in the second year of the Apocalypse, the early stage was to graduate in one year, and Zhu Youxiao wanted to wait until the teachers were basically satisfied before implementing a two-year school system. But until the eighth year of the Apocalypse, it was still a one-year school system, because there was no time for teachers to be satisfied.

In the fourth year of the Apocalypse, the Nanjing Normal School was opened in Nanzhili and the Chengdu Normal School was opened in Sichuan. In the fifth year of the Apocalypse, the Xi'an Normal School was opened in Shaanxi, and the Changsha Normal School was opened in Huguang. In the sixth year of the Apocalypse, the Guangzhou Normal School was opened in Guangdong, the Quanzhou Normal School was opened in Fujian, and the Linqing Normal School was opened in Shandong. In the seventh year of the Apocalypse, Taiyuan Normal School was opened in Shanxi, and Luoyang Normal School was opened in Henan.

The class of students who graduated in the third year of the Apocalypse, after being assigned to various schools, many were recalled by the imperial court in the fourth year of the Apocalypse, and then sent to the normal schools in various places to serve as teachers. In teacher education, the education of national identity is the first, and the second is the study of official language. All normal students must speak fluent Mandarin, of course, in Beijing Mandarin and not Fengyang Mandarin. In addition, it is required that students must be taught in the official language when teaching, so that students must be able to understand at least the official language.

In September of the seventh year of the Apocalypse, the imperial court pulled out the education from the Ministry of Rites and formally established the Ministry of Education, and the minister was Yang He, the vice principal of the former Normal School of Beijing Normal University. This man is not very good at fighting, but he is really good at education. He was basically responsible for the construction and staffing of normal schools in various places, and afterwards, both the factory guards and the Independent Commission Against Corruption praised him for "making the accounts clear and clear, and there was no mistake." Appointments are based on merit and morality, and there is no case of favoritism. ”

Zhu Youxiao has ordered the Hanlin Academy to formulate the "Education Law" after listening to the opinions of all parties, and the "Education Law" stipulates that the annual education funds shall be allocated by the Ministry of Household Affairs in proportion to the total tax revenue for one year. The eight to twenty years of the Apocalypse are 10% of the total tax revenue each year, and then it is decided whether to increase or decrease according to the situation.

This amount of funding is already very, very high, because there are not many primary schools in the country, and there are only about a dozen secondary schools, so a lot of money is used to build schools. Zhu Youxiao's request to Yang He was that within five years, each political department should have at least one normal school, and two in Beijing and Nanjing. Each township must ensure that there is a primary school, and every county must ensure that there is a secondary school.

The Education Act stipulates that all Ming men and girls between the ages of six and fifteen can study in the State Primary School for two years free of charge, and if they have excellent grades, they can continue to study in the State Secondary School for two years free of charge. Among them, those with excellent grades can be recommended to study in Beijing Normal University or provincial normal schools.

This excellent result can only be based on the test score. All students who commit fraud will be permanently exempted from the opportunity to enter the Daming Academy, and ten times the tuition fees of the previous free study stage will be recovered, while the teachers involved in the fraud will be permanently expelled from teaching and imprisoned for ten years.

The Education Act is also very strict for teachers and students, and there are many rules for teachers' ethics, such as not accepting gifts from students and parents, not hitting or injuring students on their buttocks or palms, and not charging students any fees or taking advantage of their position as teachers...... Teachers who violate the norms of teacher ethics will be permanently disqualified from teaching, and will decide whether to pursue criminal responsibility according to the circumstances.

Each school invites the enlightened gentry and prestigious people of the local area to form a board of directors of the school, who are not paid, but have great power, and are responsible for supervising the conduct of the school, and can make their own suggestions and opinions to the higher educational institutions. Having such an institution to supervise the school should make the teaching environment more pure, and teachers should not dare to behave too much out of line.

Any student who disobeys the teacher's discipline, whether in word or deed, will be permanently expelled from the student and recorded in the record, and will not be allowed to participate in the entrance examination and the imperial examination of the university. Bullying classmates will also be directly expelled, and if they reach the age of 12, they will be sent to a Liaodong farm for a year of labor reform.

When Zhu Youxiao saw the draft of the "Education Law", he felt that the requirements for students were too strict. felt that the students should be given a chance to correct their mistakes, but they were unanimously opposed by the ministers. Ye Xianggao believes that a school where teachers love students and students love teachers can cultivate talents who are truly useful to Daming. If a student is disobedient to his teachers and oppressive to his classmates, then that student is not worthy of reading the books of the sages at all.

Zhu Youxiao muttered, "Shouldn't we let students study happily? Wouldn't such a school suppress their nature? ”

Ye Xianggao smiled and said: "Your Majesty, learning is originally a process of mastering skills, maybe some people are happy in learning, but there should be only a very small number of them, and I don't think there are many in this hall." Bai Shou is poor and knows the secret meaning, this thing of reading is originally a hard thing, how can he be happy. ”

Zhu Youxiao said unrelentingly: "In the future, we will establish enough schools all over the country, and all students will enter the primary school hall and the middle school hall to study. There are always some people who don't want to learn, so what should we do then? ”

Ye Xianggao said: "To this day, I don't know how many years it will take, and the old minister will not be able to see it." It's just that Lao Chen thinks that the primary school hall is to master the basic writing and arithmetic methods, which of course must be understood by everyone in the end. But middle schools are for universities, so why should everyone go to middle schools to study? Some people don't like to read by nature, so we let them understand the national righteousness, know that they should love Huaxia, love Daming, love Your Majesty, can write their own names, can read books and newspapers, simply count and keep accounts, and will not be bullied by businessmen, why do they need to learn so deeply? What's in it for them? ”

Zhu Youxiao said: "But at that time, even if you are farming, you still need certain skills in everything you do, and the middle school is the time to learn its principles, how can you gain a foothold in this world if you don't learn?" ”

Xu Guangqi stepped forward and said, "Your Majesty, to master a certain skill, you don't necessarily need to know the principle. Like our steel mills, the workers only need to know what they should do and how to do it, but the principle of steelmaking is to know what to do. After studying in primary school, you can practice in the steel mill for a period of time, and then you will understand the process and naturally become a qualified steel mill worker. ”

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