Chapter 268: Agriculture
Guo Bin led 700 pieces to the manor. Before he arrived at the government office in the center of the village, he saw a young man with a long body, a handsome face, elegant but extremely capable walking up to meet him, but it turned out to be Xun Yu. He was followed by a black man like an iron tower, with thick hands and feet, and a tiger's back and a bear's waist, who was the Yellow Turban General He Man.
Seeing Guo Bin, Xun Yu immediately retreated to the side of the road, put his hands in his sleeves, gave a deep salute, and said, "Xun Yu greets the lord!" ”
When He Man saw Guo Bin, Zhang Fei and others, he was also excited, and knelt down on the side of the road, but he couldn't speak.
It turned out that Guo Bin was received at the city gate, and someone went straight to the government office to report the news, and the two of them got the news and hurriedly greeted them.
Seeing this, Guo Bin hurriedly jumped off the war horse, threw the reins to Guo Er, walked forward quickly, and helped the two of them up one by one. After the two got up, Guo Bin said: "The two of you have worked hard. He glanced at Xun Yu deeply and said, "Wen Ruo, work is important, but you also have to take care of your body!" I still want to work with you to make contributions and revitalize China! ”
In a word, the little sense of alienation caused by not seeing each other for a long time is thrown away.
Xun Yu listened, and the thin and bony hands under the wide sleeves of the robe shook immediately, suppressed the agitation in his heart, and responded lightly: "Hidden Dragon Tengyuan, Milk Tiger Roaring Valley, how dare Yu be lazy?" ”
With that, the two looked at each other and laughed.
Xun Yu and He Man met with Xi Zhicai, Guo Jia, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others in turn, and Fang led everyone back to the government office.
In the council hall of the government office, Guo Bin sat in the main seat, waiting for everyone to sit down in turn, and then said to Xun Yu: "Wen Ruo, I have been away from Yingchuan for nearly a year, how is it in Yingchuan now?" ”
When Guo Bin returned from his trip, he would have this problem, Xun Yu was prepared, and hurriedly got up and said: "Xu Yuanzhi was originally talented, and later he was taught by Brother Zhicai, and now he is in Yangzhai County, which is well organized, and the county government is clear. The most rare thing is that it follows the rules and regulations, and the policy of the lord and the brother Zhicai has been implemented very thoroughly, and Yangzhai County can have today's development, and Xu Yuanzhi has made great contributions. ”
Guo Bin nodded and did not speak.
Xun Yu continued: "Although the lord is now named the Marquis of Yangzhai County because of his merits, Yingchuan is too guarded, but there are more than a dozen large and small cities in Yingchuan County, and only half of them can be in our hands, and if it is really completely controlled by us, I am afraid that only Yangzhai and Changshe are two cities." ”
Guo Bin nodded while listening, he had just been promoted to the commander of Yingchuan County, and the time for his rise in Yingchuan County was too short, and his control over the county was not enough, which was also a very common thing. Moreover, many people who have served as governors of a place for a long time, if they want to control the place, they must make friends with the wealthy clan, and promote politics through the wealthy clan, which is the usual means of officials at this time. Because the Hao clan is a huge force that has been entrenched in the local area for decades, or even hundreds of years, its influence is all over the territory. If a local official wants to do it for a long time, if he wants to pass the government decree, he can only make friends with the wealthy family, and through the local wealthy family to push the administrative decree, collect taxes, and even count the registered population through the hands of the wealthy family.
Take Yangzhai County as an example, with Guo Bin's influence in Yangzhai, it is naturally very easy for Zhao Yun to serve as the commander of Yangzhai County, and it is naturally very easy to control the county. And if a county order is appointed by the imperial court, if there is no support from Guo Bin and he wants to control the county, it will be even more difficult.
The so-called strong dragon does not suppress the head snake, and compared with the wealthy clans entrenched in the locality, the status of the officials appointed by the imperial court is at a disadvantage. Moreover, the fact that buying and selling official positions in the DPRK and China is now so rampant has objectively promoted the mobility of officials. As a result, officials have intentions, but few of them have been able to form a strong force to compete with the intertwined interpersonal relationships of local tycoons in a very short term of office.
Now that Guo Bin has not yet taken office, it is not easy to have such influence in the county.
Guo Bin said: "I have seen it in the long society, if Wen is a great talent, he will run this trade city vigorously, which is very much in line with me, so what is the situation in Yangzhai County now?" "Don't blame Guo Bin for asking, Xun Yu is not in Yangzhai, he can be regarded as a bystander, but he can see through. Moreover, he is an upright person and has a very keen vision, and he can often see things to the point and hit the nail on the head. Listening to Xun Yu's opinions, there are often unexpected gains.
Xun Yu said: "Zilong is upright, fair, loves the people like a son, and is conscientious, so it is appropriate for him to control the overall situation in the county." Xu Yuanzhi is cautious and wise, and he is talented in the world, which is not something that can be restrained by a state or a county, but it is easy to use it in a county in Yangzhai. Sima Decao is obsessed with education, and his research laboratory is full of talents, and the various technologies studied by Ma Jun and his ilk are not Confucian avenues, but they are always beneficial to the country and the people. ”
Guo Bin nodded again and again when he heard this, and Guo Bin was very comforted by Xun Yu's evaluation. It's not that he doesn't believe in the loyalty and talent of Zhao Yun, Xu Shu and others, since he handed over his roots to these two people, he naturally trusts them wholeheartedly. What Guo Bin felt very anxious about was Xun Yu's evaluation of the research conducted by Sima Decao's research laboratory and Ma Jun.
In the hearts of the scholars at this time, industry and commerce have always been the last skills, and they are extremely unremarkable. Jia Yi said in "On Guisu Shu": "The farmers who drive the people back today are all based on this, so that the world eats its own strength, and the people who travel to eat at the end of the year turn to the south of the mu, and the livestock is enough and the people are happy to do it." ”
This is not only the policy demand of the imperial court since ancient times, but also determined by the level of development of the productive forces at that time.
Because in all stages of the development of human society, survival is always in the first place, and human beings' demand for energy is not fundamentally different from that of animals, which is the most fundamental condition for maintaining the survival of life. The second is to keep warm, such as clothing, shelter from the wind and cold, and shelter. As for dignity, honor and disgrace, and even etiquette, these are all products of the satisfaction of basic survival needs. When a person is so poor that he has to rely on food to maintain his basic survival needs, his dignity is extremely insignificant. Therefore, Guo Bin does not believe in the so-called crooked theories such as the disdain of beggars, unless this beggar is really a professional with a monthly income of more than 10,000 yuan.
It is precisely because in this era that productivity is extremely low, the yield per mu of crops is extremely low, and it is extremely difficult to even meet people's basic living needs. In order to avoid famine and thus great upheaval that threatens the survival of the regime, sufficient food becomes a necessary strategic reserve for every regime.
However, due to the extremely low yield per acre of crops, it has become the easiest and most convenient means to mobilize more people to engage in agricultural production in order to obtain the extremely limited surplus value per mu of farmland. Some people will say, since the yield per mu is insufficient, isn't it enough to develop so much farmland? Anyway, so many fields are idle at this time, why not just set fire to the wasteland?
This needs to be calculated, with the way crops are grown today, it is not difficult to burn the waste, but it is necessary to sow seeds, right? Where do the seeds come from? For ordinary people in later generations, a bag of wheat or millet used to make seeds may not be quite despiseful, but for most farmers at this time, the seeds used for farming are not a small amount. Such a bag of grain may be enough for a family to chew grain for a month.
In addition, if you want to sow seeds, you have to dig a pit and bury some soil, right? Nowadays, iron farm tools have been basically popularized, but ordinary people use, mostly wooden rakes, the so-called iron farm tools, but on the tip of the farm tools wrapped in a layer of iron sheet, where is there now all iron farm tools made of iron? This kind of high-quality iron is a luxury to use to make swords, let alone use it for agricultural tools.
The backwardness of tools will lead to a decline in work efficiency. In this era when production and labor rely mostly on manpower, it is necessary not only to catch up with the agricultural time, but also to cultivate as much farmland as possible, and to do what is within one's ability, so as not to cause a shortage of crops due to excessive cultivation, and a person's production capacity will always be greatly limited.
Therefore, while the expansion of agricultural land is indeed an important measure to maintain social stability given by a given population, the transfer of the handicraft and commercial population to agriculture as much as possible has become the most visible and simple measure that the ancient government could take between priorities and urgency.
This kind of social contradiction that has been inherent in human society since the beginning of the formation of human society since the primitive society period has been deeply imprinted in people's minds. This kind of thinking of valuing agriculture and suppressing business will permeate all levels of society, and it will cause the entire people to attach importance to agriculture and neglect handicraft industry and commerce.
Therefore, Guo Bin's attitude of attaching great importance to and striving to support the development of industry and commerce is extremely incredible in this era, and it is not an exaggeration to call it rebellious. It is also very rare for an extremely orthodox literati like Xun Yu to treat industry and commerce with such a fair and fair attitude, as well as research and invention in handicrafts and technology. From this point alone, it can be seen that Xun Yu is indeed a so-called vertical and horizontal family who attaches great importance to practical effects and will not talk about it.
Of course, Xun Yu's attitude is also gradually formed, and there is a reason for its change.
Because the productivity of Yangzhai County is under the jurisdiction of the entire Han Dynasty, it is far beyond its peers. Under Guo Bin's instructions, in addition to the research of pulley sets and sewing machines, Sima Hui's research laboratory focused on the research of new agricultural tools.
Living up to expectations, the first breakthrough was the cocoon car.
In his previous life, Guo Bin grew up in the countryside since he was a child, and helping his parents pull the fields during the busy farming season became an activity that accompanied him throughout his childhood. Guo Bin's house is welded with iron pipes, with two handles at the front and back that control the balance and grasp the direction, a bucket containing seeds on the top, and a loophole that can be adjusted at the back and bottom of the bucket, so that the seeds can leak onto the hollow instep of the cart.
The foot uses an iron sword similar to a triangular ploughshare, which resembles a triangular ploughshare, but is smaller and has a high ridge in the middle, about 10 cm long and 8 cm wide. It is 8 cm deep into the ground, and the seeds are scattered by the feet, so they can be planted deep in the soil and the yield is greatly increased. After cultivating with this kind of cocoon, the plot is soft, as if the ground is turned over with a small plow, and the ploughing (i.e., loosening the soil) is omitted, and the cultivation efficiency is greatly improved.
Of course, this kind of cocoon car is not unique to Yangzhai County, as early as the period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, Zhao Guo invented the three-legged cocoon car, that is, the cocoon car with a total of three cocoon feet. The advantage of this kind of cocoon is that three rows of seeds can be planted at the same time when ploughing, and it can ensure that the row spacing of crops is always uniform, which is extremely convenient and practical; The disadvantage is that it is more cumbersome, and if it is not for animal power, it requires multiple people to work together.
It's just that as time goes by, this bulky and labor-intensive columot is gradually shelved.
With the strengthening of exchanges between Guo Bin and Saiwai, the number of cattle and horses in Yangzhai County has increased rapidly, and under the condition that there is sufficient animal power to provide guarantee for agricultural production, this three-legged cocoon has been developed again. Without relying too much on manpower, the yield per mu can be greatly improved, which is the fundamental reason why Xun Yu gradually changed his attitude towards industry and commerce. ()
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