Chapter 12, Section 19

December 30, Jinyang, Longshan.

Early in the morning, hundreds of people, including the eldest princess, the civil and military ministers of Jinyang and their wives, and the great Confucian scholars of Jinyang, rushed to Longshan to worship the temple.

This dynasty sacrifices to the temple, spring to the first month, summer to April, autumn to July, winter to October and wax, one year old five rituals.

The eldest princess combed her horse hair, wore a sacrificial dress, shook her headband, hung hairpins in her ears, wore red ribbons, was graceful and luxurious, and her demeanor was in all directions, ranking at the front of the sacrificial procession.

Prime Minister Li Wei followed closely, wearing a nine-chapter pattern sacrificial dress, wearing a nine-fold crown, and wearing three green ribbons, and his air was magnificent.

Buqi Hou Fuwan, the general Li Hong, the Taiwei Zhang Yan, and the right guard general Lu Bu stood behind Li Wei, they also wore nine crowns and nine chapter pattern sacrificial clothes, but they wore two purple ribbons around their waists. Li Hong's face was a little ugly, his body was very weak, and he couldn't support it after staying in the cold temple for a long time. Zhang Yan and Lu Bu stood beside him, carefully supporting him. Seeing this scene, he was very emotional, the once invincible general finally fell after more than 20 years of conquest, and this powerful leopard finally could not escape the ruthless destruction of the years. Looking at Li Hong's emaciated body, towering cheekbones, deep-set eye sockets, and strands of white silk in his long hair, he couldn't help but sigh when he felt sour in his heart.

Liu Ming of Dahonglu, Zhang Baiqi, Zhang Baiqi, General Xu Huang, General of Duliao, Yan Wuxing, Auxiliary General and other ministers of Jiuqing, and ministers such as 2,000 Shi and 2,000 Shi in the rank of the two thousand stones, wearing seven chapter pattern sacrificial clothes, wearing three green ribbons at the waist, ranked in the back. Dahonglu Liu Ming only arrived in Jinyang last night, and he brought dozens of carts of items for court ceremonies, as well as dozens of carts of congratulatory gifts given to the general and the eldest princess by the ministers of the imperial court and Chang'an.

Foreign kings such as Xiongnu Dadan Yu Liu Bao and Eastern Xianbei King Kebi Xiong also stood quietly in the procession like Hanchen, wearing crowns and sacrificial clothes. Liu Bao has participated in various ceremonies over the years, is familiar with the etiquette of the Han Dynasty, and is accustomed to it, but Kirby Bear is the first time to participate, which is both fresh and curious.

Other officials of all ranks, such as the princes and princes, the wives of bureaucrats of the rank of 2,000 stone and 2,000 stone, and the officials of all levels below the rank of 1,000 stones, wear crowns and robes, and stand in the order of dignity and inferiority.

The ceremonial officer Huang Yue and Jiubin Si stood in front of the hall. The Yellow Gate Propaganda, Music Workers, and Green Dancers are placed on both sides of the main hall.

The day leaks at the moment of the water. (That's the equivalent of 9:15 now.) ）

The bell rings.

Huang Yue, the magistrate, shouted: "Etiquette...... ...... Beginning"

"Knock knock knock ......" The drums thundered.

Confessors are courteous and attract visitors. The eldest princess, Prime Minister Li Wei and Minister Yu Guan entered the palace and took their places.

Drum beating tee is the end.

The chief priest of the eldest princess ascended.

Huang Yue, the magistrate, faced the west and shouted, "Sacrifice...... Welcome ......"

Nine drums, nine rings of gold, and then the Taile musicians played the song of "Cloud Gate" in unison, and Taile Maiko danced "Cloud Gate". For a while, the clock and the rock rang in unison, and the gold and stone shook the sky. The dancers marched forward when they heard the drums, and retreated with the cymbals, in unison. The music and dance are harmonious and the atmosphere is solemn.

The eldest princess Yingying knelt down and bowed three times and bowed nine times. The prime minister and the minister bowed down. Outside the hall, the ministers and their wives bowed.

The eldest princess prayed silently: Gaozu, Shizu, father, ancestors, bless Your Majesty, bless the world, bless the Han Dynasty......

Father, my daughter is getting married. In the past seventeen years, my daughter has followed your instructions, and has not overthrown the Han or broken off the Han Zuo, and my daughter has done her best. The daughter lived up to your expectations. Do you know who your daughter is going to marry? The daughter is going to marry the big brother leopard, marry the biggest hero of the big man, and marry the person you trust and favorite the most. Brother Leopard has lived up to your trust, he led hundreds of thousands of soldiers in northern Xinjiang to conquer the world and turn the tide. He and his brothers used their blood and lives to prop up the Han who was about to collapse, and rebuilt the Han on the devastated ruins. But he was scarred and exhausted, and he could no longer ride a horse, nor can he gallop on the battlefield with an iron horse. But your grandson has grown up, he is smart and strong, he has taken over the sword of Big Brother Leopard, inherited the bravery of Big Brother Leopard, and he will definitely be like Emperor Xiaowu in the future, casting an unprecedentedly strong man. Father, you can rest assured that you can close your eyes and rest in peace, the Great Han will not fall, the Han Zuo will not be extinct, and never will.

The eldest princess remembered the ups and downs of the past 17 years, the hardships and hardships of the past 17 years, the heroic souls who died in the past 17 years to protect the Han Dynasty, and the innocent creatures who died in the war in the past 17 years.

"Dedication ......"

Huang Yue's shout woke up the eldest princess, who was immersed in grief, and she slowly stood up and offered grains to her ancestors.

Outside the hall, the musicians played the song "Salt Pond", and the maiko danced "Salt Pond".

The ritual continued in the howling wind and snow.

The eldest princess "sub-offered" three animals, and "finally offered" fresh fruits.

Taile musicians played the songs of "Da Shao" and "Da Xia", and the maiko danced "Da Shao" and "Da Xia".

After the "final offering" is completed, the sacrifice is enjoyed and the wine is drunk, and the sacrifice is read.

Prime Minister Li Wei recited the "Sacrifice Text" aloud, sprinkled with joy, long speeches, subdued and frustrated, and impassioned.

Li Hong knelt and sat for a long time, dizzy, his legs and feet were paralyzed, and he had to support the ground with his hands and try his best to stabilize his body. He didn't listen to a word of Li Wei's sacrificial text, and kept thinking about the integration of Confucianism and Taoism in his mind.

He talked with Li Wei for a long time last night, although Li Wei was full of confidence and truth, but he, like Zhang Yan, was completely unsure of the implementation of the policy of integrating Taoism and Confucianism. Because during the new dynasty of Wang Mang, in order to alleviate the contradictions between the government and the opposition and alleviate the social crisis, he launched a huge restructuring with "retro" as the main content, including the reform of Confucianism. However, Wang Mang's reform failed, the new dynasty collapsed, and the reform of Confucianism also failed.

This is a lesson, a bloody lesson, a matter of predecessors, a teacher of future generations. Li Hong and Zhang Yan are therefore very worried about repeating the mistakes of the past.

Since Emperor Xiaowu monopolized Confucianism, Confucian scriptures dominated the world, but at that time, the selection of virtuous and virtuous people was mainly based on "setting up science and shooting strategies", and Confucian students had to stick to "teacher law and family law". As a result, Confucianism inevitably became ossified, forming a cumbersome style of learning that was "just for chapters and sentences". Confucianism was further deified from rigidity, and it could neither educate the people with morality, nor help the imperial court stabilize the society, and the chaos in the world gradually appeared. At this time, a group of Confucian scholars tried to find a solution to the crisis. The first thing they thought of was to improve Confucianism, and the representative figures were Yang Xiong, Liu Xiang, Liu Xin and his son.

Yang Xiong believed that to improve Confucianism, we should first learn from other scholars other than pre-Qin Confucianism, especially absorb the advantages of Taoist doctrine, and strongly demanded the restoration of Confucian orthodoxy. This method is tantamount to negating Dong Zhongshu's neo-Confucianism and modern literature and classics, so no one pays attention to it. Liu Xiang and Liu Xin father and son then changed their methods, devoted themselves to the revival of the pre-Qin Zhuzi Studies, re-studied and sorted out the works and doctrines of the Hundred Schools of Zhuzi, absorbed the strengths of the Zhuzi Doctrine and improved the modern literature and classics, and then launched an ancient literature and classics that tried to overthrow the modern literature and classics.

There are many reasons for the failure of Wang Mang's reform, but the most fundamental point is that it harmed the interests of the princes and nobles, bureaucrats and wealthy families at that time. Today's literature and scripture is not only the foundation of national policy, but also the "golden job" on which these people live. If you smash the "golden rice bowl" of these people and overthrow the foundation of the national policy that is conducive to their survival, of course they will not hesitate to cut off your head. Therefore, a large part of the reason for the failure of Wang Mang's reform is due to the reform of Confucianism at that time.

Li Hong was scared. The current situation is very similar to that year, the imperial power has fallen, and there are many contradictions within the imperial court. The ministers of the Northern Xinjiang Reform Department headed by Li Wei and the "retro" reform ministers headed by Wang Mang, Liu Xin and others in those years have striking similarities in ideology and in the formulation and implementation of many restructuring strategies, except that one is to rebuild the society on the ruins and try to revive the Han Dynasty, and the other is to tinker with the crumbling "edifice" and try to revive the society. The two have the same purpose, but the basis is different, so so so far Li Wei's reformers can still control the situation.

In order to divert the contradictions in the court, Wang Mang planned to use the strategy of conquest to eradicate the opponent, so he was stubborn and did not listen to the advice, and sent troops to attack the Western Regions, but the result was a big defeat, and then detonated the contradictions. Today's Li Wei also encountered the same problem, he also sent troops to quell the rebellion when the conflict in the court was most intense, and the result was also a big defeat, fortunately, because of his illness, the situation suddenly became tense, so as to curb this imminent contradiction in time, and did not let the situation in the court deteriorate further.

But Li Wei did not give up. He is the prime minister of the Han Dynasty, and his goal is to rejuvenate the Han Dynasty, and he wants to solve the urgent problems he is facing, so he immediately thought of a solution to the contradictions in the court once and for all through the Confucianism and Taoism integration strategy proposed by Zhang Yan, that is, the reform of Confucianism, which once led to the collapse of Wang Mang's new dynasty and the destruction of the society.

Liu Xin's reform strategy of Confucianism is an improvement in Confucian classics, which belongs to the internal reform of Confucianism, while Li Wei's reform strategy of Confucianism is similar to the concept of great Confucianism and promoting heroism, which is an improvement between two completely different schools of thought. At that time, Liu Xin paid his life for the improvement of Confucianism, and finally paid for his life, which shows the great resistance to the improvement of Confucianism, and it can be predicted that Li Wei's Confucianism reform strategy will encounter such a strong counterattack.

Li Wei said that he would do it, he had Li Hong and the eldest princess to support him, he was not afraid, but Li Hong was afraid, Li Hong did not dare to do it. This serious illness caused him to lose his vitality, and Hua Tuo and Zhang Ji both said that they should not ride horses in this life, and it was best not to go to war again. Of course, if you want to die early and don't care about your life, then you can do whatever you want. Li Hong didn't want to die, he also wanted to see the day when the Han Dynasty rose and the day when the people of the Han Dynasty lived and worked in peace and contentment, so he decided to accept the opinions of Hua Tuo and Zhang Ji and stay in Jinyang honestly. But this is a premise, that is, Dahan is moving towards revitalization step by step, and he doesn't need to gallop on the field, otherwise he will still have to charge into battle.

If Li Wei's Confucian reform strategy fails, if the world is in chaos again, if Xiao Tianzi can't control the situation, he will have to go to the battlefield again. Going to the battlefield is a trivial matter, and dying early is also a trivial matter, but the loss of life is a major matter, and the overthrow of the community is a major matter. I can't afford this responsibility, I can't afford it at all.

"Received ......"

The music and dance suddenly changed, the musicians played the song of "Otsuki", and the maiko danced "Otsuki". The sound of the silk bamboo bell resounded through the mountains.

Li Hong's thoughts were interrupted, and with the support of Zhang Yan and Lu Bu, he staggered to his feet. The eldest princess looked back at him with concern, and Li Hong tried to smile at her, motioning for her to continue presiding over the ceremony.

The eldest princess bowed down. (Receive gizzard.) ）

"Withdrawal ......"

After Huang Yue shouted, the eldest princess and the ministers stood up and let out a long breath, the festival was finally over.

The eldest princess took a short break and walked to Li Hong's side, "Can you still support it?" ”

Li Hong almost half leaned on Lu Bu's body and nodded tiredly. When the eldest princess saw the bloodshot in Li Hong's eyes, she immediately turned her head to glare at Li Wei, and asked angrily, "What is important to you?" Why didn't you say it to me, but drag the general all night? ”

Li Wei recited the long sacrificial text aloud just now, his mouth was dry, his throat was smoking, and he was stunned for a long time without speaking.

Zhang Yan gently patted Li Hong's back and comforted him in a low voice: "We can't be in a hurry, we must not be in a hurry." If this thing doesn't work for two years, it will take three years, and if it doesn't work for three years, it will take five or ten years. ”

Li Hong nodded thoughtfully.

"Knock knock knock ......" drum tee.

"Kneel ......" Huang Yue's cry sounded again, and the eldest princess and the ministers knelt down.

The music and dance are abrupt, majestic and impassioned, and magnificent. The musicians played the song of "Dawu", and the maiko danced the dance of "Dawu". The kabuki sang: "King Yu Huangwu! No competition. King Yunwen Wen, after Kekai. The heir is accepted by the martial arts, and the victory is to curb Liu, and the elders are ......"

"Send ......"

The eldest princess knelt three times and bowed nine times, guided by the confessor, and retreated to the east chamber. The prime minister, the captain, the general and other princes, Hou San knelt and bowed, and also entered the east chamber. After the rest of the ministers and ministers and their wives entered the hall and knelt down and bowed nine times, they were guided by Binsi and came out from both sides of the hall.

On the Jongmyo Square, music and dance gradually entered.

The dance of "Dawu" is a "martial dance", with a very grand structure, expressing the merits of King Wu of Zhou. The big dance is divided into six sections, which perfectly shows the complete process of the battle of King Wu, including the formation of soldiers like mountains and peaks before the expedition, as well as the fierce battle scene of destroying Shang, as well as the leading dance of Zhou and Zhao Ergong in person, in addition to the fierce fight of the soldiers with swords and spears, axes and shields, and finally the ceremony of the triumphant victory of the army and the princes to respect the king of Wu. This music and dance scene is magnificent and magnificent, with an epic spirit, and has been inherited for thousands of years.

Suddenly, the trumpets and drums sounded in unison, and the three hundred and sixty Yellow Gate advocates simultaneously played the last piece of the sacrificial ceremony, "Song of the Great Wind".

"The wind is blowing and the clouds are flying, Weijia is returning to his hometown, and the warriors are guarding the Quartet."

Male and female kabuki sang in unison, and although it was only three short sentences, under the repeated chanting and the accompaniment of majestic trumpets and drums, its majestic momentum soared into the sky.

Thirty-six "Bayu Dance" dancers in full armor held spears and bows and crossbows in the square, singing and dancing, dancing majestic, bold, chic and swift.

Lu Bu couldn't help but howl and sang in a chorus, "The wind is blowing and the clouds are flying, Weijia is returning to his hometown, and the warriors are guarding the Quartet." ”

Li Wei, Zhang Yan, Liu Ming, Yan Wuxing, Wei Jun and other civil and military ministers were enthusiastic, and they all stood up and sang happily.

Li Hong's tears rolled down quietly, he hoarsely voiced, and roared out with all the strength of his body: "The wind is blowing and the clouds are flying, Weijia is returning to his hometown, and the warriors are guarding the Quartet." ”

The following is not counted: In the concept of the ancients, the meaning of music was relatively broad, including not only music, but also songs (words) and dances. Elegant music and folk music have different contents at different times. During the Warring States period, people regarded ancient music as elegant music, and these ancient music refers to the orthodox music used in ancient times to worship heaven and earth, ancestors, court meetings, and feasts. The most famous is the dance of the six dynasties, they are "Cloud Gate", "Xianchi", "Dashao", "Da Xia", "Da Hui", "Dawu" six music and dance, according to legend, they were created in the Yellow Emperor, Yao, Shun, Yu, Shang, and Six eras. The Six Generations Dance, also known as the Great Dance, is the music of the suburban temple sacrifices.

Liu Bang's team comes from Chu, and most of the songs they sing are "Chu Sheng", among which Liu Bang personally created the "Song of the Great Wind" is a masterpiece of Chu Song, and its lyrics are: "The wind is blowing and the clouds are flying, Weijia is returning to his hometown in the sea, and the warriors are guarding the Quartet." Although this song is only three lines, it is majestic and gloomy and high-pitched. Liu Bang taught 120 children to sing, personally built the accompaniment, and after singing, Liu Bang danced, generously sad, and cried a few lines. Later, the song was used for suburban temple sacrifices.

In addition to following a small number of pre-Qin Yale music, such as "Wenshi Dance" (formerly "Shao Dance Five Elements Dance" (formerly Zhou Dance), most of the music and dance created by the Han Dynasty with "Chu Sheng" were not included in the Yale system at that time, and still belonged to folk music and belonged to Yuefu. When he arrived at the Emperor Ai of the Han Dynasty, he dismissed the Yuefu, and according to the performance of the ministers Kong Guang and He Wu, these suburban temple music made in the Han Dynasty were attributed to the Taile Domain, and upgraded to Yale, which broke the concept that people traditionally only regarded pre-Qin ancient music as Yale.

The Bayu dance is a dance that came from the people of the southwest region in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty. When Liu Bang, the ancestor of the Han Dynasty, pacified the Three Qins, he recruited a group of people to be the forwards. The people are brave and good at fighting, and their customs are good at dancing, Liu Bang ordered the musicians to learn and adapt their dances, because the people live in the area of Yushui in Ba County, so they call this dance Bayu dance. After the Bayu dance was introduced to the court, it became a court dance, which was used to perform the scenes of military battles at the palace banquet and praise the merits of the emperor, and was a famous acrobatic dance in the Han Dynasty.

During the performance, the dancers wear their own armor, hold spears, crossbow arrows, sing the ancient war songs of the people, music and dance alternately, while singing and dancing, there are 3 dancers, it is a group dance. Because this dance is a martial music dance, after Emperor Han Ai dismissed the music house, the three Bayu drummers still thought that it was unstoppable, and handed it over to the Dale Leader and included it in the Yale dance system. Its accompaniment instruments are mainly copper drums, with the striking, fuqin, dance music has "Spear Chongqing Song", "An Bow Chongqing Song", "An Tai Song", "Xing Ci Song" and other 4 pieces. The Bayu dance developed to the Wei and Jin dynasties, and has completely become a temple sacrificial dance.

Bayu dance occupies an important position in the ancient dance art of China.

Ribbons, crowns, and sacrificial clothes: The system of wearing ribbons is a prominent feature of rank and humility in Chinese clothing. The jade ornament on the body is used to hang the silk ribbon of the seal. The texture, color, width and length of the ribbon all correspond to the official rank. Ribbons are used to distinguish between high and low status. In normal times, officials should wear a group ribbon on the outside of their robes and carry the official seal with them.

During the Han Dynasty, the way the ribbon was tied was usually tied into a large loop, and then a seal was tied underneath. Printed in the sac around the waist, tied to one end of the ribbon, hanging on the outside, the other end of the ribbon hanging behind the back, so it is called the ribbon. At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, this system was followed, and it was decorated with a double-seal saber.

The crown was used by the emperor's ministers to participate in major ceremonies in ancient times, and was used as the sacrificial clothing of emperors, princes and doctors in the Han Dynasty.

The most dignified and luxurious tunic in the Han Dynasty was the crown dress worn by emperors and ministers. The shape of the crown is like that of the crown, and there is a difference between dignity and inferiority, and the color and pattern (crest) are very different. The emperor's crown was a tunic made of black material and a lower garment made of red yellow material. The pattern used in the emperor's crown is a twelve-chapter pattern (one chapter is a pattern). The six chapters of the top are painted, and the six chapters of the bottom are embroidered. The 12 chapters are the sun, the moon, the stars, the mountain, the dragon, the Chinese insect, the Zongyi, the algae, the fire, the pink rice, the yellow, and the yellow.

The sun, the moon, and the stars are taken from them; Mountain, a symbol of stability; Dragon, symbolizing strain; Chinese insect (i.e., a pheasant), symbolizing Wenli; Zongyi (sacrificial ritual vessel), symbolizing loyalty and filial piety; algae (aquatic weeds), symbolizing cleanliness; Fire, meaning light; powdered rice (white rice), which is nourished; 黼 (axe-shaped), symbolizing decisiveness; 黻 symbolizes discernment. The emperor must wear twelve crests on the most solemn occasions. The princes and the three princes have nine crowns, and their clothes are decorated with nine chapters under the mountain and dragon. Those who have seven crowns below Jiuqing will use the seven chapters below the Chinese worm, and so on. Jump to