Chapter 76, the contradiction between Britain and France
After the outbreak of the Ruhr crisis, local residents took to the streets to protest against the occupying forces, which were brutally suppressed, arresting the leader of the demonstration and shooting 18 protesters on the spot.
On 15 April, at the funeral of the victims, half a million Germans appeared, causing panic among the occupying forces and forcibly dispersed the crowd.
In addition, strict population movement laws were enacted, no more than 30 people were allowed at any gathering, and German people had to open the roads by the occupation forces when they traveled, otherwise it would be illegal.
The atrocities of the occupying forces provoked discontent among the Germans, and the German population soon launched a "passive resistance movement".
That is, not cooperating with all the actions of the British and French occupation forces, such as workers' strikes, merchants' strikes, and the collective closure of hospitals, schools, and government departments.
In order to win the support of the electorate, the German government supported the passive resistance movement and ordered all government officials not to cooperate with all the activities of the occupying forces.
Soon the Passive Resistance Movement broke out in Germany. At this point, the German government interrupted all reparation payments, and in the later stage, the Germans took the initiative to blow up the local railways, canals, and factories......
However, these passive resistance movements did not frighten the occupying forces, and the British, French and Belgian forces blocked all German communication arteries, banned all material flows, and forced the local population to compromise.
On July 12, the German central government had to announce the cessation of the passive resistance movement due to the shortage of supplies, and many factories in the Ruhr area had actually resumed work long before that.
No matter how much they insisted, people always had to eat, and in the face of hunger, the Germans had to choose to compromise.
The local German people did not fail to launch an armed uprising, but unfortunately it was quickly suppressed by the occupying forces, and the people who participated in the uprising were also brutally slaughtered.
Seeing the determination of Britain and France, the German government had to make concessions and admit the fact of the Anglo-French occupation of the Ruhr area.
However, there was a positive side to the resistance, as in order to appease the workers, the capitalists had to raise their salaries, improve their food standards, living and working conditions, and reduce their labor intensity.
The bad impact of this incident is far from being eliminated, and the German government, which was weak in this incident, has been abandoned by the German people.
The deteriorating economic situation has also caused chaos in the political situation in Germany, and against this background, the right-wing forces in Germany have grown rapidly.
Faced with this situation, the British immediately took action and began to actively respond to the crisis.
On August 2, 1925, the Allies again convened an international conference in Paris, this time in a very rare way for German delegates to attend.
Except for France, which has peeked into Germany's territory, the rest of the countries are in order to allow Germany to repay its debts smoothly, and a chaotic Germany is not in everyone's interest.
"On behalf of the British Empire, I regret the Ruhr incident, which is a very disappointing performance of the German government in this crisis!
Taking into account the actual situation, we propose to establish concessions such as the Ruhr area, Cuxhaven, and Williamshaven, and the League of Nations will form a coalition to maintain local law and order!
The British, French, and Belgian occupation forces will gradually withdraw from the current occupied areas and hand over power to the German government.
As for the debt owed by the German government, I propose to suspend the implementation and reduce the current one-third of the workers' wages to one-fifth, so that the German economy can be restored! British Foreign Secretary Grey said cautiously
True, the British are now supporting Germany, but unfortunately they also want profits, and the profits of hundreds of millions of pounds a year make the British capitalists want to stop.
In this case, how could Gray ignore it? You know, although the United States has taken out the merits of the United States and saved Lloyd-George from a political crisis, the opposition is still strong.
If it is not possible to win over the support of domestic conglomerates, then it will be a matter of time before the cabinet is overthrown, and in this context, the interests of the Germans will naturally be sacrificed.
"No, what kind of place is the concession? This is a violation of the sovereignty of an independent state, and the German Republic will absolutely not tolerate it! The German representative immediately retorted
"Since the German government refuses, I think it is better to establish a concession area, so let's maintain the status quo first, and when the German government has paid off all its debts, we will withdraw our troops from the current occupied area!
If the German government cannot afford the war reparations, then I propose that the German government use the territory to offset the war reparations, and directly taste the debt at one time, so as to save everyone from worrying about it all the time! French Foreign Minister Alexander proposed
"Mr. Alexander is right when he says that if the German government cannot afford to pay the war reparations, then it is a good option to pay for it with land!
If you are worried about the price, you can hold an auction with all the countries of Europe participating and you will definitely be able to sell for a good price! The Belgian representative fell into the ground
President Gounod has been mad, who is worried about the price, Lao Tzu has never promised to sell land!
With the huge debts owed, it is estimated that if the entire German territory is not sold, it will not be able to pay off. Isn't this the French inviting the nations to carve up Germany together?
If there was an auction, it is estimated that the German Republic would not exist, and there are not many countries in the world that are interested in Germany itself, but there are many of them.
It is estimated that any neighboring country, as long as there is a chance, everyone will not mind tearing off a piece of meat from Germany, plus France, an old enemy, will Germany still have a future?
"No! Unless I die, you must not want to take any land from the German Republic! President Gounod roared angrily
Seeing the performance of France and Belgium, the British knew that they had reached an agreement, and the French should have won the support of Belgium with great benefits.
After all, Germany is not small, and if Germany is really carved, Belgium's mainland can at least be doubled, and such a big benefit is enough to make them tempted.
Even the representatives of Austria-Hungary and the Russian Empire were ready to move, and if possible, they did not mind coming to a piece of meat.
Gray knew very well that the British Empire was not afraid of the French annexing Germany, their strength was limited, and they would have indigestion if they swallowed it.
But if the French co-opted Belgium, Switzerland, Denmark, Austria-Hungary, the Russian Empire, Sweden, and the Netherlands to carve up Germany, then it would be a big problem.
With so many countries, each person gets a piece of meat, then it's a big trouble. Once the French succeeded, the continent would be honored with the French, and the British Empire's worst fears would happen!
"Ladies and gentlemen, we are all civilized countries, how can we do such a thing that violates the sovereignty of other countries? The British Empire could not tolerate such a thing, happening on the European continent!
The German government's debt problem can be resolved through negotiation, and there is no need to go so far. We have to believe in the ability of the Germans to repay, as long as they are given time and the German economy returns to normal, there is no problem at all in paying our debts!
Let's not forget that Germany was the second largest economy in the world before the war, and they were able to generate £2.46 billion a year, so given a little time, they would have no problem paying our debts! Gray objected
Telling nonsense with his eyes open is a necessary skill for diplomats, and Gray has undoubtedly practiced to the peak, just telling nonsense in a serious way!
If the British Empire did not infringe on the sovereignty of other countries, where did they come from with so many colonies?
I know what I know, but I don't expose it. On this issue, everyone's old bottom is not so clean, so it's better not to delve into it.
Gray's attitude finally relieved President Gounod, if the French were allowed to dominate the conference, then the German Empire would be a thing of the past.
In the face of interests, the discipline of all countries is very low. Fortunately, the major countries bordering Germany are not in much shape now, otherwise even the British would not be able to stop their determination to carve up Germany.
Thinking of this, Gounod was worried, the strength of the French was about to recover, Austria-Hungary was now recovering a little, and Nicholas II of the Russian Empire seemed to be about to dominate the country.
If Germany does not recover, will there be a place for these neighbors to stand when they are strong?
This meeting had little to do with Bulgaria, and Metyev didn't bother to come over, and directly asked Bulgaria to be the representative of major events in France.
Now the Bulgarian delegate is watching the countries tear up with relish, without the slightest intention of interfering, and everyone understands Bulgaria's attitude, which is paddling.
"What about this deadline? We can't wait any longer, the attitude of the German government is very bad, and if they don't want to pay their debts, what does Mr. Gray think? French President and Foreign Minister Alexandre asked rhetorically
There are many members of the Entente, but when they saw the two bigwigs of Britain and France tearing up, everyone decisively chose neutrality, neither of them is easy to mess with, and if you support one, you will offend the other.
And this offense is still very dead, and almost as soon as you stand in line, you can't get off.
If the idea of supporting the British and letting the French carve up Germany go bankrupt, the French will not have to hold a grudge for the rest of their lives?
And vice versa, if you support France, let the French carve up Germany, and destroy the plans of the British Empire, will the British dream of you?
This kind of national policy related to their core strategy, there is no strength, it is better not to interfere, don't you see that Belgium except for the initial speech, after seeing the strong opposition of the British, obediently shut up?
The Russians were interested in carving up Germany, but unfortunately they were busy with the civil war, and Nicholas II was not stupid, how could he disperse his forces at this time!
"Mr. Alexander, why be in a hurry? The German government is not in arrears, even if it drags on for a long time, they will have to pay interest!
Don't you even have such patience?
In my opinion, let the German government suspend the payment of war reparations for 1924~1926, and by 1927, they would have almost recovered and had the ability to bear the debt! Gray said with a sneer
"So, your country is going to vouch for the Germans?
As long as your country is willing to guarantee Germany's debt, we trust the Germans' ability to pay, and the extension will be extended! Alexander countered the first military road
"Mr. Alexander, the British Empire is a responsible power, and for the sake of peace and problems throughout the world, we can provide a limited guarantee of the ability of the Germans to repay!
Under normal circumstances, we can guarantee the German government's ability to pay in three years' time, but is there any problem? Gray said with a sneer
"Of course, I don't know what kind of limit Mr. Gray's limited guarantee is? What kind of situation does this normal situation refer to?
If you don't intercede, everyone is still not at ease? As for the credibility of your country, everyone knows it well! French President Alexandre sarcastically said that he did not buy it
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After a month-long quarrel, under pressure from the British, the French government was forced to make concessions. But this concession also cast a shadow over Anglo-French relations.
Similarly, the British were very dissatisfied with the behavior of the French, and the London government was forced to guarantee the Germans' ability to pay under the run of the French.
Theoretically, if the Germans were again unable to fulfill the treaty after three years, the British would be held responsible, and the pressure on the London government would increase.
History has once again returned to its original track, and the contradictions between Britain and France have once again intensified because of the German problem.
Ferdinand's goal of triggering a conflict between the two countries had been achieved, and in the short term the attention of the British was drawn to the German question, and Bulgaria was bought a period of peaceful development.
In the same way, the contradictions between Germany and Britain and France also became incapable of intensifying with the establishment of the concession, and in the short term under the bayonets of Britain and France, the Germans were forced to choose a compromise, but one day in the future, this contradiction will inevitably break out!
Ferdinand, who was far away in Sofia, breathed a deep sigh of relief after receiving this information.
With the sudden outbreak of the German question, the Anglo-French conflict became fierce again, and the London government had to put away once again the "Plan for the Containment of Bulgaria", which had been prepared for a long time.
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