Section 655 Occupation of Nagasaki
Wen Kite with the restored Ming army, once again to Nagasaki to advance, he very patiently took a month to arch to Nagasaki, along the way he used only 30,000 troops, the first advance, 10,000 forwards, 10,000 Chinese troops, 10,000 after the break, always maintain the three army supplies sufficient, never leave the coast. Pen % fun % Pavilion www.biquge.info
This approach is very similar to Zeng Guofan's strategy of advancing to Tianjing, which shows that Wen Yuan still knows how to work step by step and understands the importance of logistics and supply, as a veteran officer with a military career of 20 years and studied in the West for five years, it is impossible for him not to know these military common sense, and the last rash advance is just a mistake that everyone will make.
In particular, he has a very high reputation, the more it is easy to look down on himself and look down on his opponents, Japan's three prefectures have the title of the father of the imperial army, and single-handedly built the Japanese Army, during the First Sino-Japanese War, his record of leading troops is not as good as the record of Oyama Yan and others, and it also seems to be rash and light on the enemy, and finally let the Japanese base camp recruit back.
Once Wen Kite fought steadily, the Japanese army at this time really couldn't find any opportunities, and occasionally ambushed by land, intending to block the Ming army with terrain advantages, but was also repelled under the equipment advantage of the Ming army, and until the Nagasaki port area, it did not encounter a decent challenge.
At this time, the decisive battle had just begun, and the Japanese army had already concentrated 30,000 people here, and Wen Kite's approach made the country very worried, and he did not follow the previous strategy, transferring the main force from Ryukyu to Nagasaki, but used the 30,000 troops in his hand to start a decisive battle with the Japanese army.
Before the war, even Zhu Jinglun sent him a telegram to tell him to be cautious, but he still insisted that 30,000 against 30,000, the Ming army would win.
Zhu Jinglun finally supported Wen Kite, because he knew that once he vetoed it, the blow to the morale of the army would be huge, and if the army lost this invincible momentum, then there was no need to worry about underestimating the enemy's rash advance, but the army that lost its fighting spirit was like a man without the blood of a man, and he could not raise his head for the rest of his life.
Wen Kite planned to use 30,000 men to attack the 30,000 Japanese-guarded fortresses, which was related to whether he could be ashamed, in fact, he was more cautious than anyone else, from the action strategy, the advance plan, to the night sentry, he had to ask one by one, and he was not in a hurry to attack, but after being surrounded by the surrounding for a month, he climbed the nearby hill to observe every grass and tree in Nagasaki Port before ordering an attack.
This battle is two months, both sides have no way out, Wen Kite not only let officers at all levels write a blood book, he himself took the lead in saying that once the battle is lost, he will never survive in the world, from officers to soldiers, the concept of losing a kind of death war, every war Wen Kite is on the front line, although it is impossible to charge into battle, but he insists on mastering the first-hand battle situation.
The Japanese built a defensive system consisting of a large number of fortresses, ramparts and trenches on the periphery of the port area, while Wen Yuan chose the method of intensive heavy artillery bombardment and infantry advance, and only at the cost of thousands of sacrifices did he occupy a defensive position more than 500 meters wide.
The Japanese launched a counteroffensive to fight, and white-knuckle battles broke out between the two sides many times.
Every day there are dead people, and rivers of blood are flowing.
The navy fulfilled its promise, and during the battle, it succeeded in blockading the port of Nagasaki with enemy batteries several times, without allowing a single Japanese soldier to reinforce it.
Finally, on the fifteenth day, after repelling many Japanese attacks, Wen Yuan's forward troops advanced to the Japanese battery, blew up the battery with explosives, and the barrier blocking the navy completely disappeared. The army invaded the city of Nagasaki, and fierce fighting broke out in all corners of the port area, except for the foreigners' settlements.
Two months later, the Ming army successfully occupied Nagasaki, with 10,000 casualties and almost all Japanese annihilation. The port area of Nagasaki was turned into a scorched earth, eighty percent of the buildings were destroyed, and the port, which was vigorously built by Japan, was destroyed in one fell swoop, and the material damage was immeasurable.
The Ming army finally opened a gateway into Japan, and a large number of reinforcements were continuously sent to the port of Nagasaki, using the urgently repaired port facilities to continuously increase the strength and material supply to prepare for a larger-scale war.
The Japanese realized that all the wars they had fought before were no longer enough, and that the new modern wars would be more tragic and destructive than all previous wars. At this time, the Japanese monarchs and ministers suddenly felt that they were not ready for a modern war at all, not to mention that they did not have an advantage in terms of troops, and their weapons and equipment could not keep up with the consumption, and the small arsenals built in China could not even maintain the supply of 100,000 people, so how could they continue the war with the Ming Dynasty?
Britain has been more active in mediation, and has reached an agreement with the United States and France to jointly mediate the war between the two countries tomorrow.
The United States did not want to see Russia expand its influence in Japan, France needed Britain to protect them from German aggression, and the diplomatic efforts to unite Russia could not make progress under the difference in consciousness between the republic and the monarchy, but Germany took advantage of the Anglo-Russian contradictions in the Russo-Turkish war to greatly strengthen relations with the Tsar, gave Russia the funds and technology to build railways in the Far East, and turned the direction of Russian expansion to the East. Therefore, it is necessary for France to return Russia to Europe and continue to face Germany head-on.
Under the joint mediation of the three countries, the representatives of the Ming Dynasty sat down at the negotiating table again, this time they were more aggressive, and the basis of the negotiations became higher, that is, Japan unconditionally released the Ryukyu king, and they sat at the negotiating table, which means that the Ryukyu king, who has been released by Japan, returned to the country, and returned to the palace.
Now the negotiation is only about apology and compensation, before the Ming only asked for a total of 50 million compensation, but this time due to the longer delay, the Ming mobilization scope is wider, Japan must pay a greater price, the Ming proposed compensation plan is 200 million taels of silver, with the new currency of the Ming Dynasty as the unit of calculation.
After the reform of weights and measures, one tael is not about 37 grams in the past, because one catty is no longer sixteen taels, but turned to the decimal system, one catty is ten taels, and the new one catty is 500 grams, and one tael weighs 50 grams, which is much higher than the silver two units in the past.
The current 200 million taels of indemnity is equivalent to 270 million taels of the old customs, and the Ming Dynasty requires payment in gold, because now the Ming Dynasty has implemented the gold and silver standard, and under the banner of joining the Latin Monetary League, new gold and silver coins have been minted, and gold and silver are the legal tender of the Ming Dynasty.
A tael of silver is a 50-gram oversized silver coin, while a gold coin is one-sixteenth of a 3.125 gram of gold, and at the current rate, the exchange rate of the Ming banknote to the franc is one to ten.
Originally, the Ming Dynasty planned to use silver taels as the unit of denomination, so that the adjustment and the fluctuation of gold coins to stabilize the financial system, but now if there is a Japanese gold indemnity, you can try to directly use gold coins to speg to paper money, so that the silver coin price floats, that is, let the gold and silver standard focus on the side of the gold standard, which is also the way of France and the United States.
But Japan really can't come up with this money, so what if it can't come up with it even if it kills him.
On the one hand, the peasants bear the heaviest taxes, and on the other hand, they indiscriminately issue paper money to let the whole people bear inflation, and the domestic inflation is serious, and the yen has fallen five times compared with the past, and five yen can be exchanged for a silver dollar.
The financial order was already on the verge of collapse, and it was simply impossible for them to come up with this money.
But Britain, France, and the United States are all rich, not to mention Britain, France has also plundered for hundreds of years, and the private capital is abundant, and the country that can raise 35 billion francs at one time should not be underestimated, although the United States is heavily indebted, but that is because the scale of investment is too large, until the end of this century, the western United States is the world's largest gold and silver producer.
In order to resist Russia's southward advance, the three countries expressed their willingness to borrow money from Japan.
The Russians had already begun to make contact with Japan, and they had heard that they were interested in Tsushima, and although the Russians had plundered Vladivostok from the Manchus, they were sadly surprised to find that it was a port with an ice age of more than three months, and if they could get Tsushima from Japan, Russian influence would be able to penetrate into the Sea of Japan.
In addition, the Russians were in contact with the North Korean government, and they heard that he was more interested in Busan, and they found that the hydrological conditions of Pusan were excellent, and that a railway could be built south from Vladivostok.
With the opening of the Russian railway in Mongolia, the Russians began to be dissatisfied, and they were also interested in the Bohai Bay due to the situation of the port of Tianjin and Yingkou occupied by the British.
Apparently Russia is trying to find a port for the Kyakhta railway to connect to the sea.
Russia's move made Britain, France and the United States worried, Britain was the biggest beneficiary in the Yangtze River, the Americans opened the market in the northeast, and the United States coarse cloth and other textiles in history had dominated the market in the northeast before the rise of the Japanese textile industry, so the United States has always been very interested in North Korea, and France did not want to see Germany penetrate southward with the help of Russia's power.
Driven by long-term strategic interests, the three countries are willing to give Japan low-interest loans, and the interest rate has even dropped to three percent, which is not at all the treatment that Japan's chaotic financial system can enjoy.
Britain, France, and the United States were very sincere, but the Japanese did not want to borrow money.
During the Meiji Restoration, a puzzling phenomenon was that foreign debts were borrowed very well, and they were all accomplished by internal plunder.
Because the Japanese politicians of this era had a concern that foreigners might colonize Japan through loans, they saw that Egypt and Turkey were subject to foreigners because of excessive foreign loans, so they thought that loans were a way of colonization, so they were very resistant to foreign debt. Their worries were not unreasonable, and the fact that the Qing government was always subject to foreigners because of debt problems was a lesson.
Therefore, during the negotiation process, Japan did not refuse compensation, but only tried to keep the amount of compensation down, and at the same time hoped to repay it in installments.
Daming refused to lower the compensation, believing that everything was calculated according to the actual losses of Daming, and he did not ask for a penny, but did not refuse to pay in installments, on the condition that before the indemnity was repaid, Daming would occupy Nagasaki as collateral, and was willing to let Japan postpone the repayment of the loan for 50 years.