Volume 5 The General Trend of the World Chapter 46 Boiled Frogs in Warm Water
In front of the gate of Weiyang Palace, Pang Tong stepped out of the carriage and just saw Zhuge Liang's carriage coming next to him. []
"Kong Ming!" Pang Tong hurried up to meet him.
"Well, Shiyuan, you're here too." As soon as Zhuge Liang got out of the car, he saw Pang Tong.
"Hehehe, Kong Ming, Your Majesty summoned you and me here, presumably for the sake of Sun Quan Juntian. I heard that the one who proposed Juntian to Sun Quan was your nephew Zhuge Ke! Pang said with a smile on his face.
"Hey......" Hearing Pang Tong mention Zhuge Ke, Zhuge Liang's face showed a look of helplessness.
"My nephew Yuan Xun has been very smart since he was a child, but he has not been honed, and his career is too smooth, which is not a good thing. It must be known that the arrogant soldiers will be defeated, and if they rejoice in their achievements, they will suffer from them. Okay, let's not talk about that, let's go and meet Your Majesty first! ”
"Hehe, Kong Ming, if Your Majesty asks me about Juntian, can you think of a countermeasure?"
"The so-called not in his position is not in his position, Your Majesty. I'm still young, and there are some things that I think about too simply! ”
……
Adou saw that everyone had arrived, so he opened. Kou said: "Ladies and gentlemen, Jiangdong Sun Quan reclaimed the barren land in the name of Juntian, everyone must know, I think that this Yongzhou can also follow suit, I don't know what you think?" ”
In terms of internal affairs, Zhuge Liang has the most right to speak, so Zhuge Liang stood up and said: "Your Majesty, what does this Juntian way think?" ”
"Well, the cultivator has his land, and the way to enrich the country and strengthen the people is feasible!" Adou said.
"Your Majesty, you are right, the cultivator has his field, that is to say, this is the same field, first. If you want to have land, please forgive me for saying bluntly, now I am in Yongzhou, there are not many idle fields! Zhuge Liang replied.
"How is this possible?" Adou asked with a surprised expression.
"Your Majesty, you let the minister be responsible for the internal relocation of the Di people, only last year, the Di people moved into Yong. There are more than 10,000 households in the state, and the Di people who moved into Yongzhou need land, and the Di people who came later also need land. Now Yongzhou seems to have a lot of empty fertile land, but a few years later, hundreds of thousands of Di people have all migrated to Yongzhou, plus the newly born Di people, there is not much spare fertile land in Yongzhou at that time. ”
Zhuge Liang paused, and then said: "Your Majesty, that Shanyue originally. It is a barbaric land, so Sun Quan can reclaim fertile land with the system of uniform fields, and the land of Yongzhou has been reclaimed as early as the pre-Qin period, so this uniform land cannot be used in Yongzhou. ”
At the beginning, Shang Yang changed the law. At that time, the great prosperity of agriculture, and the subsequent generations of Qin kings, also worked hard to implement the measures of the Shang Dynasty to change the law, so in the Qin period, the fertile land in Yongzhou has basically been reclaimed.
Zhuge Liang took a small breath, and then said: "Your Majesty, in fact, according to the minister's opinion, this method of Juntian is difficult to last. ”
"Please give me advice." Adou said immediately.
"Looking at the Juntian of Eastern Wu, there are several major omissions. First, the man is given 20 acres of land, the woman is given 10 acres, and the cultivated land is given to the reclaimer, and the old age or death is returned, but there is no prohibition on trading. ”
Adou nodded, this is indeed a loophole for Zhuge Ke to raise Juntian.
"Your Majesty, if it is forbidden to trade in cultivated fields, it will not be feasible! At that time, Wang Mang usurped the government and ordered the world to cultivate the fields, all of which were 'Wang Tian' and were not allowed to trade, but the result was still that the people were miserable. So this Juntian can only be used in the Borderlands! Pang Tong added from the side.
At this time, Zhuge Liang spoke again and said: "Your Majesty, think about it again, now Sun Quan implements equal land, the man gives 20 acres of land, and the woman gives 10 acres of land, which adds up to 30 acres, and if the couple has a son, the son starts a family, it will occupy another 30 acres, and if there are two sons, it will be 60 acres; If the son has a son, it will be another thirty acres, so it will not take three generations, and the fertile land in Jiangdong will be divided up, and the descendants will not have no land to plant? ”
"For example, if a family has five sons, and all five sons are married, the family will occupy 180 acres of land. However, if the couple has only one son, they can only occupy 60 acres of land. In the long run, those who are prosperous will be more prosperous, and those who are weak will be weaker. If this is the case in the whole world, it is a sign of the destruction of the country! ”
Adou finally understood what Zhuge Liang meant, and Zhuge Liang's words conveyed a fundamental theme, that is, land annexation.
First, this system can only be practiced on ownerless land, and if the land belongs to someone else, it is equivalent to confiscating someone else's land. This is just like what Wang Mang did back then, which finally made the people's resentment boil. In today's Yongzhou, although there are a lot of vacant land, all of them have been planned by Zhuge Liang, and the rash implementation of Juntian is tantamount to disrupting Zhuge Liang's arrangement.
Second, even if the land is equalized on terra nullius, it is not necessarily fair. Because this is calculated according to the number of people, not according to the household registration, if the population of a large household is large, it will definitely take advantage. Although this is tantamount to encouraging everyone to have more children in disguise, because the more children there are, the more fields they have, but this also exacerbates land annexation. The number of fields is limited, and when all the land is equalized, and there is no new land to be distributed to others, the family that occupies more land will become more advantageous, and will gradually become new landlords, which will intensify the land annexation.
One of the reasons why the Eastern Han Dynasty was hit by the Yellow Turban Uprising was that the land annexation was serious, and a large amount of land was concentrated in the hands of those big families, and the people had no land to cultivate, so they would naturally rebel with Zhang Jiao.
Adou looked back and thought about it, it seems that those dynasties that implemented the Juntian system really didn't have a long history, even if it was the Tang Dynasty, when Wu Zetian was in power, the land annexation was already very serious, and by the time of Tang Xuanzong, the Juntian system was simply abolished. As Zhuge Liang expressed, although the equal-land system can increase tax revenue and population in the short term, in the long run, as the population continues to increase, the equal-land system will appear land annexation, which will come faster than other ways.
Thinking of this, Adou looked at Zhuge Liang with admiration, Zhuge Liang is worthy of Zhuge Liang, in terms of internal affairs, I am afraid that in the world, no one can compare to Zhuge Liang.
"I'm in a hurry!" Adou sighed slightly. At this time, Adou suddenly appeared, although he had countless advanced experience in later generations, but it was not something that would succeed in later generations, and he would definitely succeed if he put it in the Three Kingdoms.
"Your Majesty, the most important thing in this way of governing the country is the word 'stability', the situation is stable, and the people can live and work in peace and contentment, and only then can they be able to govern and harmonize. Therefore, Your Majesty must not be in a hurry to govern the country. Zhuge Liang said with a smile.
"Thank you Prime Minister for your advice." Adou said humbly.
Although Adou is a human being in two lives, he is still only a novice in the way of governing the country, and he is still far behind Zhuge Liang.
……
Zhuge Liang and the others left, but Pang Tong stayed with a smile.
"Teacher, do you have anything else?" Now there are only two people left, Adou and Pang Tong, and Adou directly called Pang Tong as a teacher.
"Your Majesty, the ministers stayed here, naturally for the sake of Your Majesty's worries." Pang Tong showed a strange smile on his face, and then said: "What Your Majesty is worried about is nothing more than that the population, taxes, and money and grain of my Guanzhong are not as good as Cao Wei, and the minister is here for this matter. ”
"Teacher, do you have a good method?"
"Abolish the Ding tax and merge it into the field endowment! In this way, there will be more tax money! Pang Tong said softly. The voice was very small, so small that only Adou and Pang Tong could hear it.
"Abolish the Ding tax and incorporate the Ding tax into the field endowment? Teacher, you mean, spread out into acres? Adou asked incredulously.
"Spread out into the acre! That's a fitting statement. Pang Tong replied with a smile.
"Spread into the acre, this is too ......" Adou's mind was still full of incredulity. You must know that the paving into mu was only proposed and applied in the Qing Dynasty, but I didn't expect it to be proposed by Pang Tong.
Since China entered the feudal society, it began to levy a poll tax, which was collected for more than 2,000 years, until the Qing Dynasty implemented the apportionment of the mu into the mu, and the poll tax was abolished. In ancient times, there were many types of taxes, the most important of which were the land tax and the poll tax. The poll tax is also a major source of revenue for the state treasury.
Poll tax, as the name suggests, is a tax levied on the basis of capitation. As long as there is a record in the household register, the tax must be paid.
It is good news for ordinary people who have less land or no land, but it is very bad news for the families and landlords who own a lot of land. For the imperial court, it was able to get more taxes.
It is like a landlord who has 100 acres of land at home, and the landlord cannot cultivate it, so he has to find some tenants to cultivate it. Both landlords and tenants had to pay their own poll taxes. But once the land is apportioned and the poll tax is included in the gift, the tenant does not have to pay the tax, and the landlord, as the owner of the land, has to pay more taxes.
After the land is apportioned into the mu, the more land they own, the more taxes they have to pay, and some big families who own a lot of land even have to pay thousands of times more land taxes. Therefore, the implementation of apportionment into mu will definitely offend all the big families and landlord classes in the world.
When the Qing Dynasty implemented the apportionment of the land into the mu, the children of the Eight Banners and the Green Forest Army in the hands of the emperor of the Qing Dynasty were still very combative, and the Manchus, as the ruling class, were not good at farming, and the impact of the apportionment into the mu was not great for the Manchus.
And now, a large number of resources in the Three Kingdoms era are still in the hands of the children of the family, and if the implementation of apportionment into the mu is simply the way to destroy the country.
However, the population of the Qing Dynasty increased significantly. Before the Shunzhi period, the Qing Dynasty had a population of only 80 million. In the first 40 or 50 years, the population grew by an average of 123 percent, and at the end of the Qing Dynasty, China's population increased by 5 times by 200 years by 400 million, and there were also great uprisings such as the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
Pang Tong seemed to see Adou's worries, smiled slightly, turned his head to look at a young eunuch with long eyebrows and beautiful eyes who was waiting in the distance, and then beckoned to the little eunuch and said, "You, come here." ”
The little eunuch hurriedly walked a few steps and ran up, and came to Pang Tong's approach. And Pang Tong stretched out his hand, grabbed the little eunuch's head, picked one out of it, and pulled it fiercely. The little eunuch was slightly startled, and now Pang Tongyi was shocked and withdrew one of his heads.
"Does it hurt?" Pang Tong asked.
"It doesn't hurt, slaves don't hurt." The little eunuch didn't know why, so he could only have an embarrassed smile on his face.
I saw Pang Tongyi grab all the heads of the little eunuch, and then pull them violently.
"Oops!" The little eunuch grinned and cried out in pain.
Pang Tong let go of his hand, only to see that most of Pang Tong's head had not been dragged off except for a few broken ones. The little eunuch covered his head and almost didn't cry.
"Your Majesty, have you seen it, this time it is easy to pull a head, and it will not hurt at all. However, if you pull a large handful of heads, you can pull off a few at most, and your head will be very painful. Pang Tong said.
"Taifu, what do you mean?"
"Your Majesty, this stall is in the acre, but it is like this plucking head, if you want to pull it all off at once, not to mention the muscles and bones, it will be difficult to succeed. However, if you pull the roots slowly, although it takes a longer time, it will not be painful, and it will be much easier. Pang Tong still had a smile on his face.
But at this time, Adoujue felt that this guy Pang Tong was too vicious!
looked at the little eunuch who was covering his head and crying with a sad face, Adou smiled helplessly, and said to the little eunuch: "Okay, I've worked hard for you, this month, I'll give you fifty percent of my money!" ”
As soon as the little eunuch heard this, he could get fifty percent of the money by dropping a few heads, and his face immediately smiled.
……
In the third year of the establishment of the Shu Han Dynasty, Adou issued a holy decree. Exempt 10% of the Ding tax, and at the same time add 10% of the field tax.
……
Jiangzhou.
The Yan family's power can be described as one of the best in Jiangzhou.
At the beginning, Yan Yan made great contributions in the battle of Liu Bei's entry into Shu, but now that Yan Yan is old, he can no longer go to the battlefield, but the Yan family has not declined because of this. In the entire Yan family, there are more than 30 people who are officials in the court, from the middle of the court to the county order, all of which have the footprints of the Yan family.
Similarly, the Yan family is also one of the top landlords in Jiangzhou. And this time, Adou added a percent of Tian Fu, which still had a great impact on the Yan family.
Yan's meeting hall.
"Your Majesty has added one percent of the field endowment, and we will have to hand over a lot more every year!"
"Yes, in this way, we have a big loss!"
"Why don't you talk to the children of the court and join other ministers to advise?"
A group of people were in a mess and began to discuss.
"Hmph, calm me down!" A soft cry came, and I saw an old man standing in front of the door, the old man's beard and eyebrows were already white, but he still looked quite strong. When everyone saw the old man, they all stood up respectfully.
This old man is Yan Yan.
In the clan, in terms of age, Yan Yan may not be the biggest, and in terms of seniority, Yan Yan is not the highest. But the Yan family was able to rise, and a large part of the wind and water in Shu Han was due to Yan Yan, without Yan Yan, there would be no Yan family today. Therefore, among the people present, even those of Uncle Yan Yan's generation had to stand up respectfully.
"Isn't it just Ichida Fu? Do you need to be noisy like this? Yan Yan said, walked straight to the front, and sat down next to the patriarch.
Today's patriarch of the Yan family is Yan Yan's cousin, but in the face of Yan Yan, the patriarch can only say with a smile on his face: "Fifth brother, you are not a family, you don't know that firewood and rice are expensive, and the expenses in the clan are very large on weekdays." This is a lot of Tianfu! ”
Yan Yan was the fifth oldest in their generation, so this patriarch called Yan Yan "fifth brother".
"Hmph, I've been fighting a war for the past few years, and the treasury is empty, and Your Majesty has no money, so naturally you have to raise taxes!" Yan Yan snorted coldly.
"Hehe, what the fifth brother said is, but this tax is too high, and it always affects the safety of the society!" The patriarch continued to laugh.
"You're embarrassed to say it! If it weren't for His Majesty's reuse of our clan, would our Yan family have such a big family business as it is today? Besides, what is Your Majesty asking for money for, to fight the world! It's not about eating, drinking, and having fun! Yan Yan raised his eyebrows and spoke.
"The war is none of our Yan family's business, so Yongzhou is far away from our Jiangzhou......" I don't know who muttered in a low voice.
Although Yan Yan is not young, he is not deaf and blind, this sentence was heard by Yan Yan, and Yan Yan's anger came up immediately.
Yan Yan is also a bull temper, otherwise he wouldn't have pointed at Zhang Fei's nose and scolded, but now Yan Yan got angry, stood up violently, kicked over the table, and shouted loudly: "Who said it just now, stand up for me!" ”
"Hmmm......" Everyone fell silent, including the patriarch, all of whom lowered their heads, as if they were children who had done something wrong.
Yan Yanniu's temper, everyone knows it, plus Yan Yan's status is there, at this time, everyone chooses to bow their heads obediently and dare not speak.
I saw Yan Yan striding to the middle and said, "It's none of our business to fight?" Who said it's none of our business, Lao Tzu's title is made by fighting! Don't think I don't know, last year we resold Shu brocade to the Western Regions, and then bought spices from the Western Regions and sold them back to Chengdu, which made a lot of money! If it weren't for His Majesty to conquer Yongliang Erzhou, where would we go to earn this money! I have earned so much, and now I want a piece of Tianfu with you, so I am in a hurry! You still have to go to Chang'an to admonish, you can't rebel if you want to! ”
When it was mentioned that they would go to the Western Regions and make money by trade, everyone was silent. Not to mention going to the Western Regions to sell Shu brocade, even if you sell the goods in Shu to Chang'an, you can also make a lot of money. In the past, Yizhou and Yongzhou belonged to Liu Bei and Cao Cao respectively, and trade was very indifferent, and two taxes had to be paid, but now Yongzhou and Yizhou are connected, and it is much more convenient for merchants to trade. And these big families in Shu will naturally not let go of this good opportunity to make money, and many families have organized caravans.
"Hmph......" Seeing that everyone was silent, Yan Yan snorted coldly: "This matter is so decided, and the Tianfu of Yicheng will be handed over to me!" If you dare not to hand it over, hum...... Don't blame me for being ruthless! ”