Section 128 Establishment of a cotton textile industry

Changlin is guilty of a crime, and his house was almost raided, but fortunately, his family bribed He Shen, and Qianlong has always valued Changlin, and important cases such as copying his home will let Changlin handle it, which saved his life.

In the end, he was convicted of leniencing the Woo Lan Na Party, which means that Chang Lin was too protective of the Wu Lan Party.

In fact, the most serious problem for Changlin was that the army was defeated by Taiwan.

As Chen Zhouquan grew bigger and bigger, he not only drove the Qing army out of Taiwan twice, but now he has even fled to the hinterland of Zhejiang.

And Chen Zhouquan can become bigger, Changlin must be responsible, if he can exterminate Chen Zhouquan, there will be no today.

So the more bad news in Zhejiang, the more worried Changlin is, he doesn't think about his career anymore, he thinks about whether he can keep his current wealth. Although he was deprived of his title and official position, he still had a considerable family property, and if Chen Zhouquan became more and more rampant, he might be implicated again.

When He Shen sent someone to tell him that he was going to reinstate him as acting governor of Liangguang, Changlin really couldn't believe it.

But as soon as I inquired, I found out that Guangdong is not a good place now, and my gratitude to He Shen has disappeared, and I originally planned to give gifts to He Shen, but I will not give it away.

However, after calming down, Changlin's gift was sent to Heshen's mansion again. Changlin found that maybe he could really do it in Guangdong for a longer time, because it was Zhou Lang who was attacking Guangzhou now, not Chen Zhouquan. Although he has always thought that Zhou Lang is a big problem, he has always recognized the advantages of Zhou Lang's easy communication.

Since Zhou Lang can defeat the entire Fujian, he must also have the ability to defeat Guangdong. As for why Zhou Lang did not conquer Guangdong, Changlin was also puzzled, and perhaps Zhu Qi's defense in Guangdong was effective.

Zhu Jue defended the city of Guangzhou, but was dismissed, which made Changlin feel incredible, but there were still few incredible things in these years.

Changlin felt that it would be good if he went to Guangzhou and could maintain his current state, so if he wanted to be an official for a long time, there had to be someone on top, so he finally sent someone to give He Shen a heavy gift.

It was urgent to take up the post, and Qianlong's edict made him have to go to Guangzhou to replace Zhu Jue within a month, without delay.

In July, the trading fleet sent by Zhou Lang to India returned and achieved considerable gains, although the sales of those test sales were not optimistic, very few were sold, most of them were entrusted to the East India Company to sell, but the main 100,000 quintals of tea were swept away, and according to the accounts, the profit was as high as 1.2 million taels of silver. However, not all of them were realized, and most of them purchased Indian goods, and the main supplier was the East India Company, and in the end only 500,000 taels of silver were brought back, and the rest were goods.

These goods consisted mainly of cotton, iron ingots, saltpeter and lead, and were worth 700,000 taels of silver. The East India Company has always tried to sell their goods to Chinese merchants, because it is really inconvenient to buy goods from China in cash, they have already controlled India through politics, they have bought Indian goods by collecting taxes from Indians, and there is no need to buy goods in cash in India, but there is still nothing they can do about China.

With the opening of trade in Guangzhou, the East India Company began to show its monopoly power, although it was slow but gradually perfected. They used this monopoly power in Canton to vigorously promote British goods, and used their monopoly position to forcibly promote quota trade, demanding that their cooperative merchants must buy a certain percentage of wool. British woolen tweed is indeed of excellent quality, but the problem is that Guangzhou is located in the subtropics, and it is too hot to wear no clothes, and wearing woolen tweed is equivalent to suicide.

At this time, the monopoly position of the Thirteen Lines had been greatly reduced compared to the early days, because officials such as Sheng Zhu always tried to increase the number of merchants so that they could receive more filial piety, and the Thirteen Lines had as many as thirty or forty merchants at the most. There were dozens of merchants in the Thirteen Lines, but the British East India Company had only one, and he monopolized more than half of the tea purchases, so the contrast between the two sides was reversed.

Even a general merchant like Pan Zhencheng had to import large quantities of British wool and send it to Beijing as a gift to the magnates.

After the East India Company entered into a commercial alliance with Zhou Lang, he also tried to sell their wool to Zhou Lang, but Zhou Lang refused.

However, Zhou Lang is also very supportive of the expansion of import trade, he does not think that blindly Shunchao is a good thing, and the trade is more balanced for a longer time. If trade with India can be opened, the volume of trade between the two countries will increase dramatically, and the tax revenue from imports and exports will be more meaningful to Zhou Lang.

But just as there is no market for Chinese goods in India, it is difficult for Indian goods to find a market in China, and the handicraft categories on both sides are too complete. The cost of long transportation distances makes ordinary goods to the other party's market have no advantage at all.

But there are some commodities that must have a market, and that is necessities and strategic goods.

So Zhou Lang placed a large number of saltpeter orders with the East India Company to purchase raw materials for his gunpowder factory. In Zhoulang's control area, there is no shortage of charcoal or sulfur, but only saltpeter. Therefore, they had to buy large quantities from the East India Company, which not only owned saltpeter mines in India, but even supplied Chilean saltpeter to the British.

Another commodity that the East India Company tried to sell but was rejected by Zhou Lang was the opium of all evils. Zhou Lang sternly refused, and clearly ordered that opium chips should be prohibited from entering the Fujian port, and the crime of smuggling opium chips was serious, and he was punished for the crime of poisoning. Zhou Lang's control over Fujian's waters was much stronger than the Manchu Qing's control over Guangzhou, so the phenomenon of smuggling opium smuggling in Guangdong did not appear in Fujian.

In addition to saltpeter, Zhou Lang is most optimistic about Indian commodities is cotton, firstly, the long staples of Indian cotton are easier to weave and more resilient than China's local cotton, and secondly, Zhou Lang believes that the future prospects of China's cotton production will not be good.

The British could force cotton cultivation in India, but Zhou Lang could never promote such a policy in China, because the British could not care if there was a famine in India, but Zhou Lang had to think about food security.

Therefore, Zhou Lang agreed to order 200,000 taels of silver of Indian cotton from the East India Company, and promised to continue to expand, provided that the East India Company helped Zhou Lang import a complete set of the most advanced spinning and textile machines from Britain, and hired a group of British consultants, Zhou Lang's purpose was obvious, that is, to introduce the British modern textile industry to China, and he also told the East India Company bluntly that only Fujian could produce cotton cloth on a large scale, there would be a lasting demand for Indian cotton, so it was beneficial to the East India Company to provide Zhou Lang with textile technology.

The only obstacle was the British ban on the export of machinery, especially for the textile industry, and I believe that if the East India Company tried, others would not be able to break the ban, but they could, they could get the British to abolish the high tea tax, and there was no reason why they could not make a gap for them to export machinery to China.

However, there is no confirmed news from the East India Company here, but Zhou Lang got the machinery and equipment he needs from other channels.

The introduction of modern textile industry, Zhou Lang is implemented as a strategy, because the industrialization process of most countries is from the cotton textile industry, Britain needless to say, the industrial revolution is almost the textile industry revolution, and later France, the United States, Japan is like this, even in the inland mountains of Europe, Switzerland, is actually the textile industry to start the industrial revolution.

Why is this industry so important, because it is the first and easiest industry to become a standardized large-scale industrial production, because textiles are the second most important necessity in addition to food, everyone needs it, and the market is huge, which can better support large-scale industrial production.

Such an important industry, of course, Zhou Lang will not completely put his hope on the East India Company, after all, Britain has a ban on the export of machinery, although this ban is now meaningless, because many countries have stolen textile technology through smuggling or stealing, for example, Slater, the father of industry in the United States, is a textile technician who immigrated from England, and by copying British spinning textile technology, he not only made a fortune, but also became a hero of the United States, before the French Revolution, There are more than 900 British machines in the textile industry alone.

In this era, the machinery industry cannot become a big industry like the textile industry, even Britain, but also stay in the era of handicrafts, so France, the United States and these countries can easily copy British machines, as long as the British machine to China, Zhou Lang believes that Chinese craftsmen can also copy it.

Because France and the United States have appeared large textile industries, so these two countries also have the ability to produce textile machinery, the revolution broke out in France, the development of their own industries has been interrupted, it has been difficult for French merchant ships to come to Guangzhou, even if through the British Navy's blockade of the lucky arrival of merchant ships, but it may not be able to send the whole set of machines, in contrast, the United States is much safer.

Therefore, Zhou Lang chose to file a set of the same machine from the Americans, hire the Americans to provide technical support, and open a textile factory in Zhangzhou.

As a result, the demands made to the American merchants last winter, and this summer they completed the deal, which was much more efficient than the British, and the East India Company was simply too bureaucratic compared to the American merchants.

Of course, the reason why the Americans are so fast is not because of the personal ability of American businessmen, but because they persuaded the US government to help.

The reason why the U.S. government was willing to help was because Zhou Lang promised the American businessmen that once the factory was built, all the cotton would be supplied by him.

Of course, the merchant wanted to develop his own business, after all, he did not come to China to buy tea, and he had to bring in boxes of silver dollars, which was not only dangerous, but also purely for the purchase of tea alone. But if he can open the export of cotton from the United States to China, he can sell American cotton to China in exchange for Chinese tea, so that his one-way trade will become a two-way trade, selling cotton to the Chinese can be profitable, pulling tea back to the Americans can also be profitable, and once and again, maybe the profit will double.