Chapter 108: On Filial Piety
This article, which seems to be a step back from the ideas first put forward, actually puts forward some different views on the issue of filial piety. Therefore, in the next issue of the weekly report, there will be a letter from the benefactor asking Mr. Xiao Qi, what is the beneficial opinion of his parents? Are there any unhelpful or even harmful opinions? What is the suspicion of unfilial piety, is it unfilial piety? Why should parents understand their children's legitimate demands? What is a legitimate claim? Why can't we not take into account the thoughts of our children? And then we are talking about hair, how women's hair is not within the scope of our discussion, so how can children say? What do the other questions mean? Should children be allowed to make legitimate demands when it comes to marriage?
The play between the two gentlemen and ministers was sung very lively (in fact, it was written by Zhu Youxiao alone), which aroused strong attention and heated discussions among readers. The focus of everyone has changed from whether the words of the saints must be word-for-word to whether the relationship between parents and children must follow the principle of the father as the son. At the same time, the monarch as a minister and the husband as a wife also vaguely began to mention.
A large number of letters poured into the newspaper, and this time there were more people who opposed Mr. Xiao Qi, who believed that the Three Principles and the Five Constants were the foundation of Confucianism, and that Mr. Xiao Qi dared to doubt that the father in the Three Principles was the son program, and his heart was unpredictable. Wang Chengen only saw that his heart was unpredictable, but he was relieved, if he had a heart to be punished, it would not be easy to show it to the emperor.
Zhu Youxiao asked the weekly newspaper to publish all these remarks, and then wrote an article to refute them. He believes that whether the words of the saints should be obeyed word for word, in fact, everyone knows in their hearts, and the sanctity of the saints lies in virtue and in educating the people. But are saints omniscient, omniscient? Needless to say, our current steam locomotives only say that the era of the sage was made of bamboo slips, and there was no paper at that time, so it is impossible for the opinion of paper to appear from the words of the sage. Therefore, we should not seek to blame the words of the saints, but should focus on their great personalities, their historical achievements, their ideas of teaching without class, and their efforts to formulate rituals and rules. This is the reason why we revere the saint, and even if some of the saint's words may not be so correct because of the academic limitations of the time, it does not detract from the greatness of the saint in the slightest.
After a thorough discussion, he goes on to point out that it is important for us to understand what the saints really mean when we study the words of the saints, not necessarily all of them literally. For example, the sage did say that "the monarch and the minister, the father, the son, the son", the meaning of this sentence is understood by everyone, that is, the king must have the appearance of the monarch, the courtier must have the appearance of the courtier, and the same is true of the father, the father and the son. This sentence is very great, and the sage pointed out that everyone has his own duty, you are the king, you have to demand yourself according to the standards of the king, and you should not become the king of the king. You are a courtier, and you must also abide by your duty as a courtier, and do not become a courtier of the likes of Yiya. You are a father, you must love your children, don't be as stupid as Suo, you are a son, you must respect your parents, and don't be unfilial like King Zhao Huiwen.
Mencius further proposed that "father and son have relatives, kings and ministers have righteousness, husbands and wives are different, the elders and young are orderly, and friends have faith". And Dong Zhongshu turned it into a gentleman as a minister, a father as a son, and a husband as a wife, so that the original meaning of the saint was modified and the relationship between master and slave was changed, which is not the original meaning of the saint. And Zhu Xi further believes that the monarch is the minister, the father is the son, and the husband is the wife. In the three outlines, the father-son program is fundamental, it requires children to be filial piety to their parents, and this filial piety refers to absolute obedience, parents are at fault, and children can only speak softly, and cannot anger parents.
Since it is not the original intention of the saint, then of course there is room for discussion. If the parents are at fault, the children can only speak softly, and cannot anger the parents. If the parents are open-minded and loving, of course this is no problem. But what should happen to the children if they encounter a foolish parent like Susso?
As the saint said, the Father must be like the Father, and the Son must be like the Son. If the father is not like the father, and the son does not listen to the counsel, then can he only listen to the wrong decisions of his parents?
Mencius said: "The king regards his ministers as his siblings, and the ministers regard the king as his heart; The monarch regards the minister as a dog and a horse, and the minister regards the monarch as a countryman; The king regards his ministers as mustard, and the ministers regard him as an enemy. "Only by virtue of the monarch can there be loyalty, only by the kindness of the father can the son be filial, and only by the husband and love can the wife be virtuous, these are all relative, and one party cannot be expected to pay for free. There is no such truth in the world, how could a saint say such a thing.
After Zhu Youxiao handed over the manuscript to Wang Chengen, Wang Chengen came to ask for a meeting after a while, and Wei Zhongxian came with him. As soon as he entered the door, Wang Chengen knelt on the ground and said: "Holy Lord, this article can't be published." ”
Zhu Youxiao glared at him and said, "You are my retainer, what I say is what I say, why can't you board." ”
Wei Zhongxian also immediately knelt down and said: "Holy Lord, just now the royal eunuch came to find the slave and maid, and told the slave and maid the meaning of it, and the slave and maid also felt that this article could not be published. The Three Principles and Five Constants are the foundation of the dynasty, and you are the emperor yourself, why would you do something to dig yourself up? ”
Now Zhu Youxiao quit, he said angrily: "What do you mean, do you understand how important this article is?" There are many reasons for China's weakness, and these three outlines and five constants are the general roots. ”
Wei Zhongxian kowtowed again and again: "Holy Lord, the slave and maid really can't understand, and many places are the royal eunuchs who ask." But even a slave who doesn't know much can see that if this article is published in the newspaper, it will lead to great things. The slave asked the saint to discuss it with Mr. Xu first, they are all scholars, so they naturally understand the importance of this. If they think they can publish it, then ask the Holy One to punish the sins of the slaves and maids. If they all think that it can't be published, please make a slight correction to the Holy Lord, and then publish it? ”
Zhu Youxiao said angrily: "I don't listen to you, I want to go up to see what you can do." You don't understand these things when I tell you, Wang Chengen, publish them as they are, and you are not allowed to change a single word. ”
Wei Zhongxian prostrated forward and said, "Holy Lord, you haven't said it yet, why do you say that we don't understand?" We don't understand, Mr. Xu can always understand. If even Mr. Xu and the others don't understand, if the saint understands it, then it can't be published in the newspaper, because everyone doesn't understand it. ”
This was the first time Wei Zhongxian confronted Zhu Youxiao, and Zhu Youxiao was stunned for a while. He looked at Wei Zhongxian in disbelief, is this still the legendary nine-thousand-year-old who has done all kinds of evil?