Zhu Jinglun can see it more thoroughly than Bai Gui, Bai Gui is very disappointed in the county officials under him, and feels that if he was the county magistrate back then, he would never make the situation like it is now, in fact, if it were replaced by him, it would be the same. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 ｉｎｆｏ

This is not a question of personal ability at all, but a question of the amount of resources, if the county commanders of Dongguan and Xiangshan counties still had a chance to calm down the township and gather the crowd bravely at the beginning, the county magistrates of Xinhui and Heshan counties have no chance to stop the fighting.

The Tuke Arms Fight in Guangdong broke out in the fourth year of Xianfeng, during the Taiping Rebellion, and the governor at the time, Ye Mingchen, focused his attention on how to prevent the Taiping army from infiltrating Tianjin and Guangzhou, as well as suppressing the Tiandihui that took the opportunity to revolt.

Since Ye Mingchen did not have the troops to take care of Heshan, and the local Hongbing uprising broke out in Heshan, it happened that the first to resist was the Hakka gentry.

In the fourth year of Xianfeng, Feng Luan, the leader of a Hongbing army, led his troops to break through Cangcheng in Heshan, stationed in the ancient Confucian capital near Heshan in the north of Kaiping, and made a single order to the nearby Yunxiang, which is surrounded by high mountains and dense forests, and is also a Hakka inhabited area. Feng Luan immediately united with the nearby Hong soldiers to cooperate in the attack on Yunxiang, and was defeated by the Hakka Tuanyong. Hong Bing sent people to infiltrate Yunxiang and killed his youngest son in the third year of high school. The third year of high school vowed to take revenge, and went bankrupt to organize Hakka armed forces to confront the natives.

This is the reason why the Hakka people began to organize the village bravery.

It can be said that at the beginning, it was just a personal grudge between the Hongbing armed forces and the Hakka landlords, but soon after, Heshan County ordered a Hakka martial artist named Ma Conglong to take advantage of the chaos.

Ma Conglong first asked Ye Mingchen, the governor of Liangguang, to allow him to organize Hakka training to help suppress, Ye Mingchen was short of troops at that time, and the combat effectiveness of the green battalion was always about to collapse in front of the Hong soldiers, Ye Mingchen agreed to Ma Conglong's suggestion.

Ma Conglong took the edict of the governor of Liangguang and connected the Hakka gentry alliance in six counties, including Heshan, Gaoming, Xinxing, Enping, Kaiping, and Yangchun, and formulated a covenant for the Hakka people in the six counties to work together to suppress bandits, and actively organized Hakka armed forces with Yunxiang and Datian as the base camps.

This is not a bad thing, at least for the government and the people who want to be safe.

However, after Ma Conglong organized the brave Hakka mountain people, he soon captured several native villages near Yunxiang, but his behavior was outrageous, and he set fire to the house and killed people excessively, which directly led to a change in the nature of Hakka practice bravery.

The Cantonese people and the Hakka people have some grievances, such as because of the problem of land and the problem of school places, they have fought for hundreds of years, but most of them are concentrated through normal relationships, such as cultivating their children to study and become officials, so as to use political theories to suppress each other, which can be regarded as a relatively healthy competition, because this kind of competition can improve the cultural level of both sides.

But where there is competition, there is dissatisfaction, especially the Cantonese people have always had an advantage and discriminate against the Hakka people.

The Cantonese people called the language of the guests Nanban stammering, and directly denied the identity of the Hakka people as Han Chinese. Some Hakka customs are also not easy for Cantonese people to accept, such as the Hakka people's 'bone washing and burial', first to bury the dead, and after the muscles are decomposed, the bones are dug out and washed with water, and then placed in an urn or wooden box for burial, this funeral method is incompatible with the traditional concept of entering the earth for peace, so it is also considered to be barbarian habits. Even in the county annals of a county with a predominance of natives, such as Xinhui, the word "Hak" is added to the word "dog" to refer to the Hakka people, just as the Han people once gave names such as cynicism and ghost fang to other ethnic groups.

Because of the difference in language and customs, the Cantonese people have always insisted that the Hakka people are not Han and are barbarians. However, the Hakka people insisted more firmly on their Han identity and found a variety of evidence to refute it. For example, their language is different from that of the locals, they say that their words are the Central Plains Zhengyin, and their language is more rhyming when reading ancient poems, but the language of the Cantonese people is rude, insisting that they are rooted in Heluo, love the Central Plains, and are authentic Central Plains Han people, and even purer than the northerners in blood.

For this kind of cultural dispute, Zhu Jinglun knows that it is pure nonsense, who is pure or impure ghosts know, there must be no doubt that they are all Han people, they can't be distinguished from their appearance, and they are a little surprised in their clothing, but they all attach importance to education, they all run schools, and they all read Chinese classics, these are the most important signs, as for the severity of the accent and the different funeral customs, they are all trivial.

Later generations of Hakka people all over the world, after the opening up, overseas Hakka people returned to their hometowns to invest, for a time the voice of the Hakka people became louder, the self-confidence of the ethnic group also swelled up, dare to put themselves in the purest Han banner, the founding fathers of New China have many Hakka people, but also greatly improved the status of the Hakka people in the mainland, so that no one discriminates against the Hakka people.

But in this era, the Hakka people are indeed a highly discriminated group, but Zhu Jinglun insists that they must be Han Chinese.

As for the conflict with the Cantonese people, the root cause is not in any culture, but in the economy, in the living space, everyone lives on a barren land, your son eats more, my son may starve to death, there will inevitably be conflicts, this conflict is all-round, mainly focusing on land and school places.

In fact, the Hakka people moved to Heshan and other places for more than 200 years, and there has been no big conflict with the natives, even if there is conceptual surprise, it is impossible to break out into a civil war scale of fighting, why did it break out during this period.

The only reason is the contradiction between man and land, after two hundred years of multiplication, the population of Cantonese and Hakka people has swelled, so the original land is not enough to cultivate, Cantonese people came early, so they occupy the flat land, the Hakka people have opened up the land that can be opened in the mountains, and they have no choice but to rent the land of the natives, and even some of the Hakka people open the mountains, and the mountains are all locals.

The Chinese have been heavy on agriculture and suppressing business for thousands of years, and the economy is mainly concentrated on the land, so the land economy has been played out, and a field is divided into field bones and field skins, and the field bones are ownership, based on the land deeds issued by the government with red seals, called red deeds, and the field skins are private lease agreements of the people, without seals, and become white deeds. Ownership and use rights were thus separated, forming a perpetual lease system unique to China.

Therefore, in many cases, the Turen hold the red deed and the Hakka hold the white deed, but what if the Turen's own fields and their own children are not enough to plant, there are always people who want to use the power of the government to drive out the tenant Hakka people from their own land; Or they covet the barren mountains opened by the Hakka people, think that the barren mountains are their own, and feel that the contract signed at the beginning is not cost-effective to rent out the rent of the barren mountains, and ask to change the contract, or drive away the Hakka people.

This is the biggest reason for the land dispute, in addition to the land adjacent, after hundreds of years, the land boundary is blurred, and the two sides are in dispute.

There is also competition for water, and in dry seasons, villages upstream of the river always want to occupy water rights, but this phenomenon is common and not unique to Tuke.

Another major contradiction is the competition for the number of students, the so-called number of places is the share of the examination of fame, mainly in the basic stage of fame, because the number of places in each county is limited, the local people occupy more, and the Hakka people occupy more, which can cause dissatisfaction on both sides, and then put pressure on the government.

The competition for the number of students mainly reflects the competition between the two ethnic groups for the right to speak in the government, because whoever has more children in the government and has more power in the government, can naturally suppress the other ethnic group.

These contradictions are still formed, and the fighting is endless, but most of the time it is just an example, such as the armed fighting for water and land, which is often confined to neighboring villages, which also broke out between the Turen and the Turen, and the Hakka people, so there is nothing special, but this time the armed fight directly caused the conflict between the two ethnic groups, and the scale is so large that it is larger than the war between Western countries, and there is another reason.

The root cause must be the struggle for living space between different ethnic groups.

The direct reason is that Ma Conglong, a heroic figure, was born.

Because Ma Conglong contacted the Hakka people in the six counties, formed a regimental training, and began to exterminate the Hong soldiers. In fact, there are locals and Hakka people among the Hong soldiers, which are not the armed forces of the Cantonese people, but the number of Cantonese people is originally large, so the number of Cantonese people in the Hong soldiers is more, and the Hong soldiers did have a conflict with the Hakka people at the beginning.

Ma Conglong took advantage of this conflict, depicting this conflict as the killing of the Hakka people by the Cantonese people, and Ma Conglong himself led his troops to help the government exterminate the Hong soldiers at the same time, destroyed too many Cantonese villages, and almost took the method of extermination, which really caused the overall panic of the Cantonese people.

At this time, there were also some Cantonese people like Ma Conglong who began to instigate, saying that "the guests should be anti-guest-oriented" and "eradicate the natives", so it was originally the Hakka people who helped the government suppress the Hong soldiers, but it turned into an infighting between the Tu and the Hakka people, and the government and the Hong soldiers, who were originally busy suppressing the Hong soldiers, became insignificant supporting roles.

"Goods like Ma Conglong shouldn't be used! It's really not enough to succeed and more to lose. ”

On the way to Xinhui by boat, Zhu Jinglun couldn't help but sigh after listening to the results of Fang Shan's last visit to Xinhui to investigate.

Fang Shan looked at Zhu Jinglun's back with a strange expression, the last time he saw Zhu Jinglun's scars after taking off his clothes, he had a strange feeling in his heart, he felt that those scars were not scars, just like dragon scales.

Hearing Zhu Jinglun's question, he hurriedly replied: "The bandits are raging, if it weren't for a character like Ma Conglong, I'm afraid that Guangdong would also be rampant like Cantonese bandits, and the people would be miserable." ”

The Cantonese bandits specifically refer to Hong Xiuquan's Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

Zhu Jinglun snorted: "Hong Xiuquan and his ilk, like that Ma Conglong, are all Hakka!" ”

Fang Shan was stunned: "Could it be that you want to go to the Hakka group practice?" ”

Zhu Jinglun shook his head: "It's up to them who doesn't fight." ”

Fang Shan was puzzled: "My lord, what do you mean, who to fight has not yet been decided?" ”

Zhu Jinglun said: "What's the good thing about fighting, we are going to mediate, and it's best not to fight." ”

Fang Shan sighed: "How can you not fight, the government mediated for a while last year, and the appointment was established, isn't this fighting again?" ”

Zhu Jinglun said: "That is the injustice of the statute, the local people still have not recovered their fields, and sooner or later they will have to fight." ”

Fang Shan was puzzled: "Are you obviously looking towards the natives?" also said that he would not play guest status. ”

Zhu Jinglun said: "It's wrong, if you want to eradicate the fighting, then you have to make a new covenant, the covenant I made, as long as it is made, you must abide by it, whoever doesn't want to be unconvinced and dares to break the covenant, I will beat whoever I want." ”