"In Anatolia, crows are known as sacred birds for their ability to predict good fortune and predict the future. The white-billed duck was very envious of it and wanted to do the same. When it saw someone passing by on the road, it flew to an olive tree by the side of the road and cried out loudly. The people on the ground were amazed at the sound of the white-billed duck, and turned their heads to look, and one of them said, 'Friends, let's go quickly.' It's a white-billed duck, and its call doesn't work at all. ’”

The ancient fable came out of the mouth of Aristotle IV, and after an unscrupulous translation, it finally became a simple saying, and Zhao Zheng, the king of Qin, who was not sitting in the center of the banquet, laughed after hearing it. He is a very smart person, Lord Yidi told this story to satirize Li Si, and Li Si was stirring up disputes along the way, and then was refuted by Lord Yidi.

"Adults are witty." Zhao Zheng smiled and bowed to Aristotle IV and asked. "However, the primary enemy of my Great Qin is the Jing people. The widow dares to ask the adults, if they can, can they defeat the Jing people? ”

During the Warring States Period, the kings of all countries were corporal Du Lixian. Zou Yan went to Wei, and Prince Wei Hui went to the suburbs to greet him; When he arrived in Zhao State, Pingyuan Jun accompanied him sideways and personally wiped his seat; When he arrived in the Yan Kingdom, King Yan Zhao walked in front with a broom to help him clear the road, sat on the student's seat and asked him for advice, and built a stone palace for him to live.

Zhao Zheng's respect for Aristotle IV was just a legacy of the courtesy and respect of the Warring States kings. He made Aristotle IV sit as chairman and consulted him as a disciple, and the historians, servants, and even many of the clan doctors not only did not object, but considered it a virtue. Only Lis, a courtier-turned-minister, was very uncomfortable and dismissed Aristotle IV's remarks as barbarism.

"Chuni, I've been there before." Aristotle IV spoke of the state of Chu under the expectations of Zhao Zheng. "It was a ......, a chaotic and promising country, with the best iron in the world, the best merchant ships in the world, and the volcanic mud of the Romans, and it could build walls so high that it was almost impossible to defeat Chuni. …… However, "

When Aristotle IV spoke, everyone fell silent. Every time he spoke, he either let everyone know the world west of Kunlun Mountain, or he could say things that no one had heard of.

He said that Chu had the best iron and the best sea boats in the world, and everyone was very disappointed about this. They thought that there were better iron and sea boats in the 'known world', but they didn't expect that the Chu people were the best. However, the saying of volcanic mud is refreshing, if the Romans had volcanic mud, does that mean that Qin can also have volcanic mud?

Everyone hoped so much, but Zhao Zheng wanted to know what was behind his 'but', and Aristotle IV finished saying 'but' as if he was finished, lowering his head and carefully cutting the meat with a knife on the figurine -

When he returned to Sogdiana and sorted out the half of his travelogue, he realized that he had been so stupid. The barbarians of East Asia did not know how great the Greek civilization was, let alone the prestige of Alexander the Great, and thought they did. He is not as good as the Sogdiana, who coaxed the Chuni people around with just one pomegranate, and exchanged a few cups of marijuana juice for countless Chuni iron.

This time, he brought with him a liquor that was more potent than marijuana juice, a special crown, a bankrupt but cunning Sogdiana merchant and a bunch of paupers who had lost their jobs in Bhaktra. At the same time, he began to talk and indulge.

"Dare to ask the lord...... After waiting for a long time, Aristotle IV had already finished cutting the meat, drinking the wine brought from thousands of miles, and seemed to have forgotten that his words were not finished, and Zhao Zheng, who couldn't wait, could only speak.

"Please give me advice." Zhao Zheng shook his head, he was anxious to know what was behind the 'but'.

"Please give me advice." Following him, in addition to Lis, the courtiers present also turned to Aristotle IV. Seeing that the barbarian king was so respectful, he began to smile, and the 'insults' he had received in the Chu State before were once again slightly comforted.

"Not necessarily." When Zhao Zheng saw him laughing, he was about to wave his ministers away, but Aristotle IV didn't want him to do this. "It's almost impossible to destroy Chuni, but it's not easy to defeat her, but it's not impossible.

In some countries, a military offensive is not as good as political instigation, because the internal power of such a country is very strong, and the chaos caused will make her power dispersed and eventually weakened; In some countries, political provocation is not as good as military offensive, because such a country is already weak and powerless internally, and no matter how much political instigation is, it is impossible to turn into chaos or change, but precisely because there is no internal force to support, as long as it is defeated on the battlefield, the country will quickly perish. ”

Aristotle IV was already one of the most knowledgeable scholars in the world, and his political science perspective was something that Zhao Zhengwen had never heard of. At this time, Aristotle IV was staring into Zhao Zheng's eyes and said, "Chuni, it's the former; Qin Ni is the latter. ”

When he translated this sentence, Zhao Zheng shivered for no reason. Fortunately, by this time Aristotle IV had already looked away and began the following discussion:

"Chuni has monarchs and aristocrats. Her power was shared between the monarch and the nobility, a rare hybrid form of government. The same was true of the Romans, who had no monarch, only nobility, but in addition to the nobility there were citizens. Her rights were shared between the nobility and the citizens, and it was a rare hybrid form of government.

Each form of government has its own advantages and its own disadvantages. Political agitation is the agitation of a group of people according to the form of government, and the internal forces are pitted against each other, and those who are willing to do so are often politically frustrated......"

When Aristotle IV said this, most people didn't understand it, but Zhao Zheng listened to it half understanding and half understanding, after all, this was not the original thing of Huaxia, more precisely, it was not the original thing of the Zhou people.

The Zhou people did not consciously distinguish between man and nature, but believed that 'heaven and man are one' and 'heaven and man are virtuous', so the sages wanted 'law of heaven', 'law of earth', and 'law of four times'. Since there is no distinction between man and nature, there is no man who is independent of all things.

The home is the prototype of the country, and the country is the expansion of the family. The society is a whole, and the interests of the king, the subjects, and the people must be the same, otherwise 'the upper and lower levels will be in danger and the country will be in danger', 'the struggle will be chaotic, and the chaos will lead to poverty', especially the failure to 'one person, one righteousness', which will not only cause chaos in the country, but also cause chaos in the world.

Since there is no person independent of all things, there will naturally be no interest groups composed of individuals, and to put it more bluntly, the characteristic of China's rights is that they can only be connected in series, and absolutely cannot be connected in parallel.

"After the merger, the two governments, the two governments, the coupling of the country, the foundation of chaos", "many virtuous people cannot have many kings, no virtuous people can not have no king", "there are no two days in the sky, there are no two kings in the people", "the monarch, the glory of the country." …… Long one rules, two and chaos', 'the king holds one, and all things are right.' The kingdom must have a king, so there is one; The Son of Heaven will hold on to one, so he will persevere. One is ruled, and two are chaotic. ’……

Most of the princes believe that rights must be 'one', and only downward vertical delegation is allowed, and vertical decentralization is never allowed.

Aristotle IV did not have this deep-rooted concept of 'one', and even though the Chu state was integrated inside and out, he still saw many vertical interest groups that could compete with the royal power and aristocratic forces. In later parlance, that is class.

Chuni already had many nobles, and after Xiong Jing ascended the throne, he added honorable scholars. Commoners can become honorable scholars, but in fact, most of the people who become honorable scholars are the children of nobles or the children of declining nobles. Strangely, the Chuni monarch also announced that children could be enrolled in school as long as they reached the age of eight, regardless of gender.

Education was fundamental to the superiority of the aristocracy over the commoners. It's a good thing that the Chuni people attach importance to education, but if the children who come out of the school can't become nobles or honorable scholars, are they really willing to go home and farm?

Although the commoners were given a stage in the Chuni political system, they were not given power - they could only stand in front of the royal court and veto those things that involved them and would directly harm their interests, but they were members of the state, the majority, and every decision of the monarch and nobility had a profound impact on them. They have the right to participate in decision-making, and even more so to influence decision-making.

In Athenian politics, the contradiction between the aristocracy and the commoners is the eternal theme of all political contradictions, Aristotle IV can casually say more than a dozen ways to provoke the plebeian rebellion, and the entire political history of ancient Greece is a history of the struggle of the nobles and commoners.

It took a long time for Zhao Zheng to understand what Lord Barbarian was going to do. From the perspective of Chinese politics, this is the story of the riots of the Chinese people and the king of Zhou Li in the Western Zhou Dynasty. A similar thing happened in the Chu State, that is, the 'Zhuang Ji Tyranny' that the Chu people never wanted to mention.

"Strange tricks!" As soon as he thought of Zhuang Ji's violent Ying, Zhao Zheng's brain thundered and he was excited. The deep-seated reason why Bai Qi was able to win so neatly in the battle of Yan Ying was that after Zhuang Ji's violent uprising, the Chu State was divided up and down, and the politics were chaotic. The so-called '(Chu) soldiers were killed in the sand, Tang was contemptuous of death, Zhuang was raised, and Chu was divided into three or four. 'Bai Qi is only fighting a Chu State that is divided into three or four pieces, how can it not be defeated?

"Not even the king!" Whatever the barbarians support, Li Si will oppose. As soon as Aristotle IV finished speaking, Lees said no.

"Why not?" Zhao Zheng's tone was full of blame.

"With what he said, instigate the Jing people to be violent, but what about my Great Qin?" There are indeed reasons for Lees's objection. The class struggle is a beast of prey, and once introduced, it will inevitably cause a chain reaction and destroy the Confucian system of family and state. "Today, the king of Jingren is tyrannical, and he is the first to storm Xianyang, and the king is happy?"

"How can a eunuch do what only a man can do?" After listening to the translation, Aristotle IV laughed. "In Qinni, the monarch can lie, and no one dares to accuse; But in Chuni, the monarch did not dare to lie, and once he did, everyone would blame. ”