Section 396 Russia collapsed first

The nineteen-year war ended with the Chinese army advancing on all fronts and not being able to achieve a decisive victory.

The Indian battlefield was deadlocked, the two sides fought over the Indus Valley, and there were some rebellions in British India again, but the British, who had the experience of the previous time, suppressed them as quickly as possible, and had little impact on the war; Much of India's northwestern part of India, close to China, was recovered by the Chinese army, but the difficult geographical conditions made it difficult for the Chinese mainland to mobilize large armies southward.

The North American theater began to cool down as the Spanish colonial civil war began, and the U.S. government began to cool down with a secret truce with China, only the Kazakh theater was still fierce, but it had to cool down quickly after a hot summer.

In October, the fighting in Siberia basically stopped, and the Chinese army captured Tobolsk, but failed to move south to occupy Omsk, nor to the west to capture Tyumen and other places, but everyone can see that this is only a matter of time; The fighting in the Kazakh direction was also basically over at the end of November, and the Chinese army continued to retreat to the Kazakh hilly defense line, and the Anglo-Russian forces finally seized the opportunity and retreated to the Turkige Plateau in great strides. The retreat of the Anglo-Russian forces seemed to herald the end of their strategic offensive period, and next year there would be a full-scale counteroffensive by the Chinese army.

The ties between Britain and Russia became even closer, with a constant exchange of views and the formation of a joint command, with the Tsar himself acting as commander-in-chief. But with the virtue of the British, it is impossible for the British army to accept the direct command of the Tsar, between the Tsar and the British army, there is also a British Army Commander, in order to balance the status gap brought about by the Tsar's personal appearance, the British Army Commander-in-Chief, the European first-class general Wellington was ordered to go to Russia as the commander-in-chief of the British Army. The Tsar's orders to the British had to go through Wellington.

The Anglo-Russian coalition forces no longer have the stamina to strengthen the front-line forces, and China does not have the ability to support more than 3 million troops fighting in this area.

The strategic situation has become unusually simple, and it is clear to everyone that whether or not the Chinese army can resist the counteroffensive next year will be the difference between victory and defeat in this war.

All the variables are clear, including China's victory in the law and order war against the occupied territories, and the rule of Siberia is not as difficult as imagined.

At the beginning, there were indeed a large number of Russians harassing them, and this was the established strategy of Russia, through the Cossacks and other armed forces that migrated to the Siberian region, and through abnormal fighting methods, slowing down the advance of the Chinese army.

At first, the Chinese army was really not used to it, but after only one winter, they found the right way. At first, the large Chinese occupation forces adopted a strategy of purging and suppression, but after a winter, they realized that there was no need to destroy the resistance where it was needed. For those Cossacks, who were mainly agrarian, they only had to be driven out of their camps before winter came, and the cold would kill them. For those serf owners, just let them leave their warm fireplaces in the winter, and within a few days they will be a frozen corpse. Not to mention the city dwellers, the Chinese army occupied the city, and it is not too simple to directly arrest the disobedient.

In the first winter, the Chinese army figured out the right method, and the second winter was adopted on a large scale, and after the winter, there was no longer a resistance in Siberia. The army even believes that a military operation in the Siberian region with 2 million men is too many.

Of course, with two consecutive years of purging and the flight of Russian residents, the Russian population in Siberia has dropped significantly, from the previous 4 million to less than 2 million, and the number of Russians is not even comparable to that of the occupying army, and they are unable to resist.

But the top brass rejected the Siberian Army's proposal to rotate in Central Asia, and China armed its 9 million troops, only 5 million of whom could take part in the battle, and the rest remained on standby in the rear, training and maintaining law and order to guard against possible domestic unrest. But in fact, the country is very stable, there is food and drink, and knowing that the country is at war, the common people can understand the temporary hardship.

Even on the front line, there are only 3 million soldiers who can really participate in the battle, and only 1 million people have experienced fierce battles.

Although the intensity of the fighting on the Siberian side is very low, compared with the millions of soldiers who cannot go to the battlefield, they have been trained enough, so Zhou Lang tends to let more soldiers who cannot participate in the war go to the war zone as supplementary soldiers to rotate, and the wounded soldiers will be directly retired, and by extending the vacation of the soldiers on leave, more rear soldiers will enter the war zone, and through these measures, one million rural soldiers in the rear will enter the front line, and no more, and any more may affect the combat effectiveness of the front-line army. After all, the next attack is very important, and if the proportion of recruits is raised, it is difficult to ensure the efficiency of the attack.

The kings were keen on war, keen on expanding their territory, and keen on establishing immortal achievements, and the small life of the common people would be affected.

After the start of the war, China was inevitably affected, and its exports shrank sharply, whether it was the Americas, India or Africa, even if there was a sailor escort, exports were also shrinking. On the one hand, the raw materials are cut off, half of China's cotton sources are imported from India and the United States, but both of these places are mired in war, although there are Brazil, Central Asia cotton substitution, but still in short supply, cotton prices have nearly doubled, the export market has naturally doubled, production has shrunk even more, because domestic consumers are more sensitive to prices, they can not accept soaring prices.

The market shrank, workers lost their jobs, and a serious crisis broke out in the cotton textile industry. A large number of women workers have lost their livelihood and have been reduced to a miserable situation.

At the same time as the shrinkage of the cotton textile industry, some industries are expanding at a high speed, and industries related to the military industry, such as iron smelting and machinery, are expanding rapidly, but the labor force that these industries can accommodate is limited, and they are far from being able to absorb the unemployed population in the shrinking cotton textile industry. What's more, there are great technical barriers in the two industries, female workers in the cotton textile industry are easy to lose their jobs, and even if the machinery industry wants to expand, it is difficult to do it in the short term, more by extending the working hours of workers and increasing the utilization rate of machinery, rather than absorbing more workers, those workers who work overtime, they are told that they are sacrificing for the country, but in fact, their extra labor time has become the profits in the pockets of the capitalists.

All people are still alive, but they don't live with dignity.

These phenomena have been concerned by many officials, criticized by many newspapers, the government can only do a large number of military orders to the domestic textile industry, but the needs of millions of soldiers, can not be compared with the needs of hundreds of millions of people, the most critical is the shortage of raw materials caused by the cost rise, not the lack of demand, this is difficult to solve in a short time.

In the early days, the urban population was almost all differentiated from the fringes of society, and only those who could not gain a foothold in the countryside would be forced to choose the dirty city, in a cultural background that emphasized that women did not leave the house, those families who were forced to let their daughters and wives work out to make money were even more marginal in the margins, they had no rich relatives and friends to take refuge in, no powerful clans to rely on, they could only live in a few square meters of huts, men went to the station, docks to do heavy coolies, women went to the factory to work as workers.

Such families, their ability to resist risks, is even inferior to that of ordinary tenant farmers. Tenant farmers suffered a catastrophe, and there was a social relationship that had been formed for a long time to rely on, and in the local culture of repayment of debts from father to son, mortgage the ability of their descendants to pay their debts, and borrow emergency life-saving money.

As for these city dwellers, most of whom are outsiders, who have been deceived or lured to the city to beg for a living, who have broken away from their original social relations and taken root in the city, who have married wives who are as poor as they are, and who continue to languish in a hopeless life, who either have no place in their hometown, or who cannot even afford a ticket to return home.

The unemployed in the cities, which had always been a source of danger, had improved dramatically over the years, and through a three-decade period of repressive policies, which had led to the exile of the violent elements of the early years of industrial development, to Africa, the workers may have been on patrol, but anger was building.

Now more and more people are beginning to wander helplessly in the city, and from time to time you can see homeless people who are freezing and starving to death on the streets. In a country where 100 million people live in cities, at least a third of whom have severed first-generation ties with the countryside, this situation is dangerous.

The government's capacity was limited, and its finances were used for war, and there was an extreme shortage of funds for poverty relief. The urban capitalists, who have not yet formed a moral culture of charity, and who relied on their own hard work and exhausted all kinds of legal and illegal means to kill their own paths, did not sympathize with the poor, believing that they were poor because of laziness.

The government used its connections to threaten and induce companies that were more dependent on the government, such as the large ones that had made their fortunes in the war, to demand that the railroad companies hire more workers, that the canal companies hire more portionmen, and that the factories that undertake military production not reduce the number of workers.

But a drop in the bucket and to no avail.

Correspondingly, the countryside has a relative shortage of labor because of the transfer of 8 million laborers. In the cities, the government organizes unemployed groups to go to the countryside to work for day trips, and allocates funds to encourage immigrants. He even began to consider whether to urgently recruit unemployed urban laborers into the army, not so that they could go into battle to kill the enemy, but only to alleviate the danger brought by the displaced people.

In a country like China, where people-oriented politics is serious and has the most experience in dealing with displaced people, social contradictions are like volcanoes, not to mention countries with fragile social structures and even more backward economies.

After 2.5 million laborers were transferred to join the army, Russia was not only faced with the problem of shortage of labor in the countryside, but also faced the pressure of rising unemployment.

Even if Britain shared more than half of the military expenditure, under the influence of the war, Russia's production shrank significantly, but in order to cope with the war, Russia also needed to collect more taxes, and the per capita tax was greatly increased, which made the already poor livelihood even worse.

In the countryside, seeds cannot be planted, grain cannot be harvested, and there is a lack of labor to maintain the land, and in the face of the rising cost of living, those who used to eat wheat bread began to eat black bread, and those who used to eat black bread could only eat wheat bran.

After two years of war, hundreds of serf revolts broke out in the countryside, and there were thousands of criminal cases in the cities for snatching bread.

Petersburg and Moscow successively broke out in the citizens' revolts because of the lack of supplies in the countryside due to winter, and a large number of small and medium-sized nobles participated. Large numbers of bakeries were smashed and hungry crowds confronted the police, who surrounded the train station in hopes of snatching the first bag of flour sent to the city.

In this tense moment, the tsar was forced to leave the palace and take refuge in the imperial estate of the Romanovs. European countries have begun to use the outbreak of the Russian Revolution to report on the Russian question.