Jia Sheng

---- a successful person who achieves nothing

Jia Sheng, or Jia Yi, is a very peculiar phenomenon, and it is also a unique phenomenon in Chinese history, and there is almost no such thing in the historical documents or legends of other countries.

His prestige is very high, very high, in the historical records have his own biography, and Qu Yuan together called "Qu Yuan Jia Sheng Biography Twenty-fourth", in the entire historical records of one hundred and thirty articles, this is the eighty-fourth article, in Le Yilian is quite Lin like Tian Dan Lu Zhonglian after the others, before Lü Buwei Li Si Meng Tian Zhang Er Chen Yu others.

If you think about it, what kind of arrangement is this?

What is Historical Records? The swan song of the historian, the rhyme of the separation! Who is Tai Shi Gong? The first historian of the ages, the name of the text, the history of its observation!

Le Yi, the famous general of Yan, the king of Yan attracted with the technique of thousands of miles of horse bones, worshiped the generals, more than 70 cities, several unique Qi, even when Wolong lurked, he compared himself with Guan Le, and its prestige status in the pre-Qin and Han Dynasty can be seen. (By the way, Guan refers to Guan Zhong, used for Qi, very well versed in governance, and there are many stories related to him before and after, such as the seizure of the throne by the brothers of Qi Henggong, such as the death of Yiya and other people are not credible, such as "Guan Bao's friends", and the most famous praise for him is what Confucius said: "Wei Zhong, my left side?") If it weren't for Guan Zhong, I, Kong Qiu, would still be a savage who doesn't know what cultural etiquette is, right? can make King Kong Su, who was not pleasing to almost all the princes and ministers at that time, praise him like this, and this person's political skills can be imagined. ）

Needless to say, Lian Po Lin Xiangru said that the story of Xianghe was known to those who went to elementary school, and they, together with Zhao Hao and Li Mu, were the main guarantee for Zhao to not fall for many years under the eyes of Qiang Qin. (Therefore, when Lian Po was old later, Qin was afraid of his reuse, and deliberately made him king, which is the origin of the famous story of "Shang Neng Rice".) ）

Tian Dan is also a famous general, Le Yi cut Qi, under more than 70 cities, Duju, Jimo does not fall, the one who guards Jimo is Tian Dan, and later used the anti-Le Yi to remove Le Yi, used rumors to lure Yan to persuade Qi people's popularity, and used the fire bull array to break the Yan Army and other famous schemes, all from it, if it were not for him, I am afraid that there would have been no Seven Kingdoms to compete for power, and the story of the two emperors standing side by side is the general of survival and death, and the contribution is incomparable.

Lu Zhonglian, one of the characters I am most obsessed with, has always had the heart to write a separate story about him, Taibai's so-called "Qi is suave, Lu Liante is wonderful." "That's him. The first generation of the Taiping Ji in the sea, whose name is Zhonglian, is actually a character created by his deeds. At that time, he was a very famous speaker, who had prevented the unilateral collapse of several battles with the efforts of one person, and had almost forced the King of Qi to engage in several head-on confrontations with Qin with his incomparable charm and momentum, and his final ending was also very tragic, refusing to submit to Qin, and dying in the sea.

The above figures, none of them are ordinary people, each of them has a strong influence on the history of the time, everyone has their own deep imprint in that era, and it can even be said that if they are erased from history, many historical events will be rewritten, and the fate of many people and even countries will change.

The people behind him are not simple, Lü Buwei is the first big businessman in China to really invest in "the world", his "Lü's Spring and Autumn Period" still has its value, for a long time to control the military and political power of the Qin State, and in fact prepared for the first emperor to mix all over the world; Li Si, the most trusted minister under Qin Shi, was once the "second power" in the real sense, and in his hands produced a small seal, and it was he who refined the concepts of "books with the same text, cars with the same rules" and so on into reality and implemented the world; Meng Tian, the general of Qin, chased the Xiongnu in the north, built the Great Wall, and later died of slander, and even many people thought that if he was still alive and he commanded the Qin army, he would not have a chance to fight the Battle of Julu; Zhang Er and Chen Yu, they were the most famous and dazzling force among the many rebels in Qin Wei, and once there was a virtual image of "can kill Qin", and later they were not destroyed by Qin, but were defeated by the two of them.

Like the people in front of them, these are not the kind of dispensable people, their existence or not, their choices and decisions at many junctures, will affect the life and death of thousands of people, will affect the success or failure of even the fortune of the whole country, they are all people who have held power and used power according to their own will or principles, good or evil, success or failure, but, their actions, after all, have changed the world around them, and wherever they have walked, there are footprints that are so profound that it is impossible to ignore.

And, compared with these people, Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng are two very dazzling existences.

They also have a strong will, but they have never been able to implement it in the outside world, and they have a complete vision and even a plan to change the world, but they have never had the opportunity to put it into practice.

In a sense, they are losers, and throughout their lives, they are finally unable to dedicate their most valued abilities to the existence they most desire to dedicate, and throughout their lives, they are finally unable to externalize their will to the people of even a city or even a village.

(You can take a look at the history books of Westerners, who are never taken seriously, they are a group of pragmatic people who are almost cruel, who only pay attention to who first applied for a patent, and have no interest in the design without leaving a footprint.) ）

However, they are listed in the historical records, and the 90 percent of the emperors and generals can only have a little description in it, or even only one name in the chronology, the historical records that have been carefully studied and thought about by countless people for thousands of years, in which, they have a world that only belongs to them.

You can even say that Dr. Sanlu also has his footprints, he has a divorce, there is a heavenly question, he is the founder of one of China's two major literary traditions, he is Li Bai's eternal spiritual home, as long as there is still someone interested in the history of Chinese literature one day, this lonely person who has been chanting beauty vanilla all his life will not be forgotten.

That's why I'm going to tell Jia Yi's story, because he doesn't even have it.

In the historical records, it was said at the beginning: For more than 100 years since Qu Yuan Shen Miluo, there was Jia Sheng in the Han Dynasty, who was the prince of Changsha, crossed the Xiangshui River and submitted a letter to hang Qu Yuan.

One more word, the word Jia Sheng, thus becoming, is also one of the characteristic symbols in Chinese culture, unless it is in a specific context, otherwise, as long as we see these two words, we know that we must be talking about Jia Yi.

Jia Yi became famous at a very young age, he is a native of Luoyang (Luoyang, which is today's Luoyang, was changed later in the later period of the Three Kingdoms, and the reason for the name change is related to the rise and fall of the Five Elements, so I won't say much here. He was able to read poetry and tell books at the age of eighteen, and he was very famous in the local area. (In parentheses, there was no later imperial examination system at that time, and officials were all "recruited", that is, they were jointly selected and recommended by local officials and influential gentry in the local area.) Later, a new emperor came up, Emperor Wen of Han Xiao, who was the "Wen" of "Wenjingzhizhi", and he heard that the local government was very good, and he had been a classmate of Li Si when he was young (note!). It's the Li Si above, it's him! ), he was promoted to the position of court lieutenant, this is not a petty official, it was a very important official position in the court at that time, placed today, roughly equal to the president of the Supreme Court, with the final sentencing power and the final interpretation of the legal classics, although this power is of course still in the hands of the emperor, but as long as it makes sense, the emperor generally just smiles, and will not insist on non-punishment. (There are also several well-known stories related to this, such as Zhang Shizhi.) ）

By the way, this person's surname is Wu, and the historical records only say that his surname is Wu, not what his name is, and looking through a historical record, I can't find a second record about him, in other words, Tai Shi Gong is not interested in figuring out what his name is, although this person's official road is much more than Jia Yishun's, but in Tai Shi Gong's heart, his value is only the fact that Jia Yi was recommended to the imperial court, and the reason why we can still know this person today and have no bad impression of him is only because he recommended Jia Yi.

Since this person admires Jia Yi, of course he will still say good things about him when he has the opportunity, and this time Emperor Wen of Han also knew Jia Yi, and after inspecting him, he appointed him as a doctor.

This doctorate was not today's degree, but an official name, with a rank of six hundred stones, and was usually used to interpret the scriptures for the emperor, draft documents, and provide targeted advice when asked. The people who do this work are all very powerful scholars, like the four guys who were invited by Zhang Liang to help Liu Bang's stupid son (Dongyuan Gong Tang Bing, Xia Huang Gong Cui Guang, Qili Ji Wu Shi, and Jiaoli Mr. Zhou Shu), who are "Dr. Qin", that is, doctors in the Qin Dynasty. Later, the Han Dynasty respected Confucianism and divided into the position of "Doctor of the Five Classics", that is, the personnel who specialized in explaining and teaching the Confucian classics.

Because being a doctor requires a strong professional quality, so ordinary people can't do it, and those nobles won't put their own people here, and the technical meal is not something that can be eaten by saying "Lao Tzu is a person led by X", and because it always takes time to accumulate knowledge, so those who do this are generally middle-aged and upward, and there are many white-haired old doctors.

Among these people, Jia Yi, who was only in his early twenties at the time, was the youngest one, but he was not polite or cowardly at all, and his talent could indeed support his self-confidence.

At that time, the emperor was basically uneducated, starting from the Han Gaozu who slashed the snake uprising, as soon as he opened his mouth, he was foul-mouthed, and there were often some witty words such as "waste Confucianism, erection" and other witty words to jump outward, but of course this kind of words could not fall on the edict, so the so-called "edict" This work is basically a translation process that transforms the emperor's spoken language into a very elegant written language.

But then the question arises, what is translation? Xindaya, which one is not in place, it will not work, vainly show the emperor's will? Look for death! Hiding the emperor's will? Look for death! Defying the emperor's will? It's even more looking for death!

Of course, this kind of speech is a little exaggerated, at least in the examination of the history of the Han books, I have never seen the unlucky guy who died because he did not reach the king's will, but anyway, this is not an easy job after all, so every time there is an edict, all living beings must "discuss in groups", and everyone will discuss together, in fact, to put it bluntly, everyone will sign a name together to be responsible, and if you want to offend, you will be unlucky together, and no one will want to slip away.

Jia Yi doesn't care so much, he is ambitious as a young man, he is talented, he is not afraid of anything, as soon as the edict is over, he will "do it right", and when all the beings look at it, all their thoughts have been expressed very appropriately. That's called admiration, so we all admit that he is the most powerful, and we can't compare.

(Actually, I've always been a little skeptical about this paragraph, learning this thing is a water mill, although Jia Yi is talented, but to say that he can trample so many old doctors to the point that he can't speak, I still think it's unlikely, according to my understanding, many things, these guys may not really be able to do it, but they all experienced the troubled times of Qin Wei and early Han Dynasty (at that time, Han Jian was only more than 20 years, according to age, these guys should at least be Zhang Liang Han Xin's peers or a little younger) What haven't you seen? The bloody and bloody wind of killing heroes in the early Han Dynasty, the dark tactics of secretly rectifying the government when Empress Lu used power, and the ruthlessness of slaughtering Lu with his hot hands, they all came over with their own eyes, fame? No matter how good the fame is, you have to live to enjoy it, one has no connections and the other has no background, and here you talk about the limelight, who knows if you will go out that day and be the companion of the Marquis of Huaiyin? Let's live a peaceful life quietly! Qing Zhang Tingyu said: Ten thousand words, it is better to be silent, I think it may be a psychological portrayal of these guys. ）

In this way, Jia Yi became more famous, and the emperor began to feel that he had a lot of face: Look, how about the person I mentioned? What a long face? So he "over-moved" him, that is, he did not follow the system, promoted him exceptionally, and promoted him to Dr. Taizhong within a year.

Speaking of Doctor Taizhong, this is not a petty official, according to the definition in the "Hundred Officials", Doctor Taizhong "is in charge of discussions, has no members, and ranks more than a thousand stones." "Do you see it, a thousand stones, the people of the Han Dynasty said that they had ambitions, so they said, "I want to ask for two thousand stones." "It is to be a big official (speaking of which, there was such a guy in our hometown, who was an official under Liu Bang for a period of time, and didn't get up, so he was very angry and said: "The big husband is less than an official of 2,000 stones, what kind of face do you have to go back to your hometown?" Then he ran away with a sum of public money, but he did have some ability, and then he came back, and Liu Bang didn't blame him (in the early Han Dynasty, he didn't pay attention to the integrity of cadres, only paid attention to whether he was antipathetic, Chen divided the gold equally, Liu Bang didn't care at all, Xiao He was self-disciplined, Liu Bang was suspicious) and he did get two thousand stones later~_~)

From the definition, it can be seen that the Taizhong doctor does not have specific power over people's money, and his main job is to "hold the discussion", that is, to stand there and play tricks and come up with ideas, which is roughly equivalent to a think tank and a staff officer, and its authority depends on how much the emperor trusts them. But in the Qin and Han dynasties, this position was already the pinnacle of the ability of the staff officers, and it was the highest level of staff officers.

In the Han Dynasty, there were really many famous ministers who did this position, such as Lu Jia, who persuaded Wei Tuo to return to the Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian, who made the Western Regions and the Silk Road, Zhang Tang, a criminal law expert who reformed the Han law, and the famous General Wei Qingwei, who was also a doctor in Taizhong before serving as a general of the Che Cavalry and attacking the Huns.

In any case, in terms of Jia Yi's qualifications, this is really a very remarkable reuse, and those people mentioned above, except for Wei Qing is a relative (that is, the queen's relative, can be collectively referred to as "brothers-in-law"), with Wei Zifu covering, the others are all after a lot of hard work and achievement, they were awarded this official position, that is the meaning of reward, and Jia Yi as a person who has not yet contributed to the world can do this position, you can imagine the emperor's trust in him, but, what kind of thoughts will the officials of the DPRK and China have in private, It's not hard to imagine.

At that time, Jia Yi didn't worry about these things at all, he only felt that his blood was boiling, and his mind was full of traditional Chinese values such as "people treat me as a countryman, and I should repay them as a countryman", and he was determined to do something to repay Emperor Wen of Han for his trust.

… And his tragedy began from this.

Ancient China paid attention to "meritorious service, virtue and speech", that is, you have merit, but also to set an example, it is not enough to be an example, it is best to have thoughts, to write out, so that people who can't see you can also learn or understand (at this point, we are better than those barbarians in Western Europe and Central Europe who ride bareback horses with big axes and those naked men in Southern Europe who are wrapped in a white cloth and accidentally bare-chested and breasts are thousands of times stronger, but unfortunately thousands of years later, write a lot, burn more, and then become self-contained, repeatedly miss the opportunity, As a result, now they are actually riding on their heads by those guys in turn, talking about cultural traditions with a shy face... It's really angry when I think about it, and I don't mention it. Since Jia Yi is interested in politics, of course, he also has his own set of political theories and guiding ideologies, all of which are embodied in his "New Book" in a concentrated manner.

Look, is this person very arrogant, his own collection of political essays is actually called "New Book", so what is someone else's? Old thoughts? Old winter baking? is also because this name is really a bit arrogant, and later generations collected its words, named "Jia Changsha Collection" and "Jia Zi", but Fu used "New Book".

But, anyway, as mentioned earlier, Jia Yi has never cared much about these things when it comes to being a person.

At present, there are a total of 10 volumes and 58 articles in the "New Book", all of which are political treatises in a broad sense, which can be seen very clearly from the subheadings: passing through the Qin, the feudal wounds, the capital, the obedience, the weight, the indefiniteness, the prestige or unbelief, the Xiongnu, the coinage, the persuasion of learning... Anyway, as long as your emperor wants to worry about things, I will talk about politics, military, economy, and personnel.

(By the way, I have never appreciated this, and I often think that it is one of the bad customs of Chinese culture, after all, "there is a specialization in mathematics", so there is a real encyclopedia?) How can it be possible to use the joint without deep work? It's a pity that thousands of years of popularity have not diminished, and I still see some celebrities on TV talking nonsense about social education, or popular actors who want to teach young people how to behave. ）

The complete collection of the "New Book" was in the last stage of Jia Yi's life, and there is no indication of when each part of the book was completed, so we can only infer the time of the completion of each part of the "New Book" through some side historical materials combined with the major changes in the Han Dynasty.

Regarding Jia Yi's political views during this period, Taishi Gong told us like this: "Jia Sheng thought that the Han Xing to Xiaowen for more than 20 years, the world was harmonious, and the solid should be corrected, the color of the law, the name of the official, the Xingli music, is the grass with its rituals, the color is still yellow, the number is five, for the official name, the law of the Qin." Emperor Xiaowen ascended the throne at the beginning of his reign, and he was humble and unreasonable. The laws and decrees were changed, and the princes were informed of the country, and their sayings were all born from Jia. ”

These are indeed very important and should have been done a long time ago.

As mentioned earlier, Liu Bang has no culture, and he has not stopped since the Han Dynasty: cut Yingbu, cut Peng Yue, cut Han Xin, cut Han Wangxin (this guy also has his own biography in the historical records, called "Han Xin Lu Xuan Liebiography", it is a matter of fact, and he is also closely following behind "The Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin", no matter what others say, anyway, I think this is deliberate by Tai Shigong, which is a little embodiment of his old man's humorous cells. ）…… In the middle, he also ran to Baixia and was surrounded by the Que Yu clan, and he ran away by relying on the beauty and counter-plotting, and he also had to deal with the vinegar sea in the harem, and the spring and autumn drama of the mothers and children, and he didn't have the energy to care about these.

How lazy is he? At the beginning, Qin Shangshui De, the color was black, according to the Five Elements Rising Theory, the Han Dynasty should be Tude, and the color was still yellow, but what did Liu Bang say after he got the Zhi? This guy actually said, I think this black is good, let's not change it, just let it be!

What is this concept? It is equivalent to saying that after Mr. Zhongshan forced the Qing Emperor to abdicate, he did not hang the blue sky and white sun flag, and shook out the Qing dragon flag to fool!

At that time, there were no cultural people around him, Xiao He and Chen Ping were all experts in cleaning up people, and they couldn't do it on this, and they didn't bother to shout with him on these imaginary things, so they just let him do it, so in the early Han Dynasty, the black water up and down the whole dynasty was with the group in "Heroes" shouting "King kill, King kill." "It's no different from the guys.

In addition, when Liu Bang was respecting the Emperor of Heaven, in order to emphasize that he was indeed a genuine Black Emperor, he actually made a statue of the Black Emperor, with an old skin and an old face and several traditional gods placed together, regardless of whether he had once beheaded a big snake as the "Red Emperor", it is estimated that the brothers who made up this story for him had to cry to death at this time: Mr. Liu, do you also respect our propaganda?

Even the most important national symbol has not changed, the rest can be imagined, officials, places, and laws are all from the Qin system, except for the emperor's exclusive Dongdong, all the others are indebted, if a foreign envoy left at the beginning of Qin, and now he is back, it is estimated that he can't figure out that the country has changed masters, and he can't figure out that the little prince who sits on it is the boss of Yingzheng when he goes to the court.

But this kind of thing, you can't change it if you don't change it, and the people who know the rules in the world are not old and young, they look angry. In fact, the restructuring was not Jia Yi's idea alone, but the voice of a faction that was already quite powerful at that time, and Jia Yi was just the first person to put forward a complete theory of restructuring.

It should be said that Jia Yi's theories are still to the emperor's taste, reform, create a new system, a new theory, who doesn't want to? You're famous in history, but a group of old ministers are gone, you are a little king in your early twenties, you know a lot? This is also buzzing, that is also buzzing, TNND, Lao Tzu is holding his head to help Gaozu fight down the world, can you still be in charge of your little thing? So he jumped out and objected.

Shi Yun: The Son of Heaven thought that Jia Sheng was appointed as the minister. Jiang, Guan, Dongyang Hou, Feng Jingzhi are all harmful.

The latter two benevolent brothers are nothing, the Dongyang Marquis is named Zhang Xiangru (and Sima Xiangru are the same as "Xiangru"), just a county marquis, the fief is not bad, it is the thirteen spiced lobster today, at that time the position in the court was a doctor, not higher than Jia Yi, Feng Jing was the imperial historian at the time, equivalent to today's discipline inspection commission personnel and the procuratorate of the complex, but there are not many people like him in the court, anyway, a class can't stop it, their office is called "Yushi Tai", you say that there are many people on the "Taiwan". , what's the point of pulling out one? What's more, Yushi scolds people, it is justified, and if you want to just look at the two of you, it is estimated that no one cares about it.

However, there are still Jiang, fill the two.

Jiang, that is, Zhou Bo, because he was named the Marquis of Jiang, so he called him Jiang, this lord did not have much credit before liberation, and Han Xin Peng Yue Ying Bu Na is not comparable to the shadow, just occupy a hometown route, is a native of Pei County, in addition, he is also brave, do not die in a battle, after the defeat of Xiang Yu, "give the lord the marquis, and dissect the world." There are 8,180 households in Jiang, and the number is Jianghou. Originally, Hou was nothing, the king with a different surname in the early Han Dynasty couldn't count it on one hand, Han Xin was degraded again and again and was still a Hou, but he later made a lot of credit to the Liu family! If he hadn't bared his shoulders and roared at the Northern Army, it is estimated that Jia Yi might have done it under the hands of the surnamed Lu.

What has he done? On the one hand, when Zhou Bo started to clean up the Lu family, his contribution was not less than that of Zhou Bo, on the other hand, like Zhou Bo, he followed when Liu Bang was still Pei Gong, and later he was transferred to Han Xin's men, which is considered a deputy army-level cadre, able to command tens of thousands of people, at that time Xiang Liu confronted, Pengcheng was a vicious battle, Liu Bang escaped so much that he didn't even want his son to push off the car before running away, and in the next four years, the entire Xuzhou was basically under Xiang Yu, until the second decisive battle between Chu and Han, he led the team, beat Pi, and descended to Pengcheng, which is equivalent to liberating Liu Bang's hometownMoreover, he also has one of the most famous achievements, called: "Xiang Ji is defeated, and the infant is ordered by the Imperial Shi Doctor to ride the car not to chase Xiang Ji to Dongcheng and break it." The five generals were killed. ”

Did you see it, Han Xin exhausted his brains and ambushed him on all sides, but what really made Han Gaozu get out of this rude breath was thanks to the baby. Specifically, he is equivalent to "calling in unison, catching Zhang Huizan in front" to catch Zhang Huizan's commander and fighter, although Zhang Huizan was defeated by the chairman's calculation of "sweeping thousands of armies like a sweep", but if these Red Army soldiers didn't catch this, this word would not be easy to end, wouldn't it?

Jiang, Guan, Dongyang Hou, Feng Jing, these people all don't like Jia Yi, what should they do? Step on him in the book!

Nai Short Jia Sheng said: "The people of Luoyang, young and beginners, want to abuse power and mess up everything. ”

At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Chang'an was the largest city, Guanzhong was the fertile land in the world, and people didn't look down on people outside the Guan, so they first trained and referred to Jia Yi as "the people of Luoyang", which is equivalent to today's Beijing and Shanghai people squinting at us outsiders: Aren't you a hometown? You've got a lot of migrant workers in that place, what kind of national affairs are you talking to?!

went on to say that he was "young and beginner", and that half of it was also a reminder to the emperor: You are still young, the old ministers have seen a lot of the world, and they are loyal, who should you listen to, you must know in your heart!

He also said that he "wants to arbitrarily power", which is very clear, Jia Yi wants to "arbitrarily power"! You can see it clearly!

In the end, it is not interesting to say that he "messes up everything", but it is just down the word "unauthorized power", which is also very clear that he wants to mess up everything. They don't admit that Jia Yi is reforming, saying that he wants to cause chaos and not maintain a stable situation of stability and unity, what does that mean? Since ancient times, kings hate troubled times, is it good to be stained with this messy word?

In addition, although there is no record in the historical records, through other records, we can at least see that Jia Yi's loss of power is related to two people.

One is Zhang Cang, his teacher. One is Deng Tong, a famous minister of the Han Dynasty.

Zhang Cangshi was a doctor of imperial history, which was not scary, but he was also "in charge of the deputy prime minister", and his authority was equivalent to that of the later Dasikong, and he was a high-ranking official at the level of "three dukes". As far as Zhang Cang himself is concerned, he is one of the important scholars in the early Han Dynasty, offering the ancient text "Spring and Autumn Zuo's Classics", which has a great influence, Jia Yi has been taught "Spring and Autumn Zuo's Classics" to him, in the "Study" chapter, Jia Yi called the teacher "Juxian", and there is a sentence of "the master's master, who is not old", it is him. (Because Zhang Cang happened to be under the pillar in his early years, from this point of view, comparing "master" with Li Er is a very decent and ingenious compliment.) In addition, in terms of academic school, he also belongs to some Legalism, which can be regarded as a line of Xunzi.

This person, it is said that there are real materials, but it is very strange, I don't know whether it is to reflect the executive power, vigorously and resolutely implement the important instructions of Henkel, or in order to reflect the political position, to express contempt for Qin's unworthy inheritance of Zhou Tong, he resolutely believes, "When Han is the water virtue, the river is broken and the gold is also the symbol, the beginning of the winter and October of the year, the color is black outside and the red inside, corresponding to virtue", he was very persistent in this point of view, and insisted on suppressing all opposing views until the fifteenth year of the reign of Emperor Wen of Han, Only then did Gongsun Chen, who had the same view as Jia Yizhi, defeat him and persuade Emperor Wen of Han to "affirm the virtue of the soil and change the calendar." ”

…… At that time, Jia Yi had been dead for three years.

The conflict between Zhang Cang and Jia Yi can also be said to be a difference in academic views, and our accusation against Zhang Cang is at most that he chose an academic position for political interests and used political means to end the academic controversy, but for Deng Tong, I am completely unwilling to squeeze out any words to defend him.

Deng Tong, one of the most famous courtiers in Chinese history, sucks carbuncle juice and condenses on his loved ones, is the kind of sycophant who makes people disgusting when he thinks about it, and through those more obscure records, it can stimulate some more taboo imagination...... That's not the point of this article, though.

Regarding the contradiction between Jia Yi and him, Taishi Gong did not make a record, but it was recorded in the Eastern Han Dynasty Yingshao's "Customs and Customs".

"Taizhong doctor Deng Tong saw love with luckily sucking carbuncle juice, condensed in his loved ones, and gave Shu County Copper Mountain, so that he could mint money. The wealth of the private family pretends to be the king. Fengjun is also a micro-line, and he is fortunate to pass the family. Emperor Wen served the clothes and toilets, attacked the felt hat, rode a horse, rode from the servants and close ministers to the door, hunted gradually under the stage, galloped and shot the fox rabbit and the pheasant. It was time to wait for Zhao Jia Shan to admonish, thinking that it was not appropriate to go out on a safari from the county and country. Heavy order this person to bear the name and not be worthy of it. and Taizhong doctor Jia Yi also counted Chen Zhi safari. It is Shi Yi and Deng Tong who are in the same position, and they are friendly and evil. The number of courts ridiculed it, and it was alienated and moved to Changsha Taibo. ”

Here, it is very clear that Jia Yi's frustration is blamed on Deng Tong, of course, I don't fully agree with this, but at least, we can conclude that he has done bad things to Jia Yi.

Heavy ministers, powerful ministers, admonishing ministers, and ministers, strange alliances have been formed, and the chorus of choking Jia is being staged, but, after all, this is the era of imperial power, and in the face of the emperor with supreme power, they can only suggest, but cannot substitute for making decisions.

So, what about the emperor? Didn't he value and trust Jia Yi?

It's a pity that he does value and trust Jia Yi, but he always values himself more, not to mention ...... At this moment, he may not have too much determination to protect a Taizhong doctor from Jiang Guan's hostility.

You know, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty himself is not the first heir to the throne, just a acting king, all by Jiang irrigated them to turn their faces and did the Lu family before becoming the emperor, the so-called soft hands and soft mouths, now people come to put forward opinions, this face can't be said not to give, besides, he thought about it carefully, what these people said is reasonable, and it is true that he can't just listen to Jia Yi's nonsense, if everything is made from scratch, he patted his ass and left, anyway, whoever comes has to hire a staff officer, but what should I do as an emperor? ! began to see that Jia Yi was not very pleasing to the eye, and below, it was "after that, there is no need to discuss", and he began to disobey him.

As mentioned earlier, Jia Yi himself is a staff officer, and he can only make suggestions, if the emperor doesn't listen, he is tantamount to nothing, although his position has not changed, but his influence is heaven and earth, he is a heart and blood to serve the country, but he was suddenly rectified for such a moment, and he began to feel a little uncomfortable.

…… However, the discomfort is still to come.

Although he was frustrated, others still didn't feel at ease when they saw him: Isn't this just the emperor's words, if you don't believe it today, can you keep it? Besides, even if Jia Yi was offended, if he didn't take advantage of his illness to clean up his life, would he still be waiting for him to learn from his predecessors to play some "resurgence"?

Soon, a new disposition came down: Jia Sheng was the prince of Changsha.

This one...... The meaning is quite different.

At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the king and the marquis were originally sealed to madness, especially after the chaos of the kings with different surnames, the Han Gao established the alliance of white horses, and carried out feudal things, and now it has been 30 years since the founding of the country, and basically there are people in large places who are kings there.

At that time, the king was very independent, he could have his own army, collect his own taxes, and set his own hundred officials, and the system was the same as Chang'an, which was equivalent to a specific and small court, but he saw that the people were one level lower, which was roughly equivalent to the relationship between the counterpart departments of the provincial company and the municipal company. At the same time, the status itself between the king and the king is not the same, some of the territory is large, there is salt and copper, fat to the oil, some of the people are fierce, there are horses and soldiers, very powerful, but there are also miserable, basically guarding a few poor mountains that do not even grow fat stones, the king of Changsha is the latter, and can be called the best among the latter, in addition to the mountains and water, in addition to eating, all plants are long, except for not biting, all animals have, there are miasma in the place, known as the water and the earth are poisonous, the historical records are described as "humble and wet", It's not even very comfortable to look at.

(By the way, this quality of the king of Changsha himself, in the long run, is really beneficial to the king, but no one has discovered this before, and it is Jia Yi who first captured and elaborated on this with his extremely keen genius, about which will be written later.) ）

Taifu himself is a big official, and he is the emperor's teacher, but that refers to the Taifu in the imperial court, like being a Taifu in the local king, he is already a small level of seeing people, and the king of Changsha is this kind of high-grade little king, which can be called a bully and a horse to ride, and the status of such a person can of course be imagined. Moreover, the most important point is that the king of Changsha was the only king with a different surname left at that time.

…… The king with a different surname was once a very important landscape in the Han Dynasty, and it was also a bloodstain that made people feel frightened.

Henkel, Hong Wu, and another man are the three most famous sons of cloth in Chinese history. The three-foot sword began in the ranks, and finally died in the world. Self-made people, compared with those who have retainers at the starting point, have territory and status, they do have a great disadvantage, there is no "name" or "righteousness", they need to redouble their efforts in exchange for "loyalty". Of course, this also makes them more humble and flexible, and Henkel's tricks of surrendering and resisting people are very famous and wonderful in the whole history.

Relying on the power of the people in the front, it is necessary to reward the favor of the people in the back, the Han abolished the Qin county law, and restored the feudal system, then, for these important ministers who hold a large army, the most reassuring and comfortable is of course to have a piece of land and be the king in the south of their own small court.

The problem is, looking at this large group of princes with soldiers in their hands, lying on the east and west one by one, in exchange for you...... Are you at ease?

In the world of the Qin and Han dynasties, the Warring States were inherited, how did the Warring States come about? Isn't it that Zhou Tianzi divided the kings, but later the strength and weakness changed the situation, and the ministers bullied the king, and finally the world was erosive, and the five hegemons stood up and the seven heroes succeeded, and they made the dignified Zhou Tianzi into a bowl of chicken porridge dessert...... Zhou Jian is not far away, Han Kaohsiung guessed the master, since he will not repeat the old mistakes, the situation at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China was not as good as people, pinched his nose and endured it, when the mountains and rivers are in full bloom, how can there be no reason not to slowly clean up from the beginning?

Among the Han masters, there have been eight kings with different surnames, what happened to them? Liang Wang Peng Yue, cut it, Qi King Han Xin, first made a quasi-Yin Marquis, and then cut it, Zhunnan Wang Yingbu, chopped, Han Wangxin, ran away, Yan Wang Zang Di, chopped, continued to establish Yan King Lu Xuan, ran away, Zhao Wang Zhang Er died early, but his subordinates were strong, and he came out to run through Gao Chen Zhuo's two prime ministers, and he instigated his son to rebel... All of them died and the country was destroyed, and in the Han Dynasty, the only one who was still trembling and alive was our little king who founded Hengshan and returned to Changsha.

By this time, the king with a different surname is simply a rat crossing the street, and the alliance of Henkel White Horse is clear to the world, "not the Liu family and the king, the world will fight together", although no one has come to attack the king of Changsha, but after all, the climate is here, you are still the king in Changsha City today, what if you can't keep it tomorrow.

The so-called "under the nest, there are no eggs", from this point of view, letting Jia Yi go to Changsha is simply ready for him to wait to accompany the old Wu family to be knifed. From a promising political star to this, Jia Yi naturally felt very uncomfortable, and he was not in good health, so he felt a little sorry for himself, feeling that he probably couldn't come back alive.

In this regard, Tai Shi Gong described it like this:

Jia Sheng resigned from his past, smelled Changsha and was damp, thinking that his life would not be long, and he was not satisfied with his desire to go.

This is the usage at the time, in fact, it should be written as "谪", "punishment", etc., which means to be degraded, which means that Jia Yi heard that the water and soil there were not good, and he felt that he would not live long until then, but because he was degraded, there was nothing he could do, and he had to be unhappy.

After that, it is the beginning of the sublimation of the soul, the beginning of a person's transformation from "smart" to "great", from an ordinary "loser" to an "immortal" who is still cherished by people for a thousand years.

****************

Changsha.

Changsha has Luo County, and there is Mishui in the county.

Mishui... As long as you are Chinese, you probably know this place.

Qu Yuan Shen Jiang Yusi, since then, he has lived forever in Chinese history.

Shi Jiyun: So Kaishi threw himself into Miluo to die.

At that time, he once wore a hair chant by the river, the color was haggard, and he described it as withered, facing the wind and rain of the river, he issued the strongest sigh in Chinese history: "The world is turbid and I am alone, everyone is drunk and I am awake, it is to see and release!" ”

Everybody's dirty, just me want to be clean, everybody's drunk, just me want to be sober, so I've been exiled here!

…… He knew exactly why he had failed and why he had fallen into this situation.

There are always kind-hearted people, there are always smart people, and a fisherman on the bank of the Cezhou River also knows how to persuade him: the husband and the saint are not stuck in things and can move with the world. The world is turbid, why not follow the flow and raise its waves? Everyone is drunk, so why not eat it and sip it? Why did Huai Jin hold Yu and let himself go?

See the words "with the passage of time"? In the future, it will be transformed, called "moving with the times", and become the thousand-year-old family style that the Langya royal family believes in, which makes the Wang family a unique hairpin family in the world, the emperor's surname is replaced, and the wealth is not reduced, but... This has also prevented the Wang family from receiving the highest respect in the traditional Chinese cultural model.

The fisherman said very clearly: since everyone is dirty, you should go with the flow! Since everyone is drunk, you should drink with it! If there is really no air in the iron house, at most they will be suffocated to death, why bother, they are obviously top talents, but they have to let themselves be reduced to this?!

What did Qu Yuan say?

I hear it, the new bather will play the crown, the new bather will shake the clothes, and who can observe with the body, and the one who receives the Wenwen thing! It is better to go to the constant flow and bury the middle ear of the river fish, and An can be white and warm by the world!

Those who wash their hair must wear their hats, and those who take baths must shake their clothes, and who can wipe the dirt on the clean body with peace of mind? If survival has to be sold at the cost of betrayal, then I would rather go to the river than die in the belly of the fish!

Then, there was the last text of this genius writer, the Fu of Huaisha.

Looking back at the four places, looking at the last scene he saw in his life, he sighed: Tao Tao Meng Xiaxi, the grass and trees are reckless. Sadness and eternal sorrow, bubbling to the southern soil.

With regret, he looks back on how he got here: the skillful craftsman is not cut, who is right? Xuanwen is secluded, and it is said to be disorganized.

Black and white are indisputable, right and wrong are not distinguished, and the consequences can be imagined: from Lou Wei, he thinks he is ignorant. Turn white into black, and pour up and down. The phoenix emperor is in the fence, and the chicken and pheasant are dancing. With the jade stone, a fire and phasor.

The real phoenix bird, the front and the back of the line, the snake neck and the fish tail, the dragon and the turtle body, the swallow and the chicken beak, the first Dai De, the neck Jieyi, the back of the benevolence, the heart into the letter, the wings are smooth, the foot is positive, the tail is martial, the small sound gold, the big sound drum, the neck is stretched and the wings are extended, and the five colors are prepared. It's almost a perfect image, but, when the phoenix bird came to the world, what happened to him? Trapped but not helped, poor can not be revealed!

So, he was finally angry: Chonghua can't be embarrassed, who knows how to calm down! The ancients are inherently incompatible, how do you know why?

However, after the excitement, he quickly calmed down again, and now that the matter has come to this, what is the use of anger? Everything has long been irretrievable.

Sighing sadly, he lowered his head: the road to the north is the second time, and the day is ambiguous; Sorrow and sorrow, limited to the cause.

Although there are still many years to go, he has seen the fall of the sun in Chu and the extent of covering Chu.

In the last moments of his life, his disciples, his people, his followers, his lovers... All of them are not in front of him, this lonely poet, lonely politician, lonely prophet and wise man, standing alone by the water, lonely facing the river breeze in Mengxia.

Beside him, there was the fisherman who had his eyes open and tried to persuade him to change his mind.

Finally, he decided!

Life is endured, and each has its own mistakes. Concentrate on ambition, why be afraid?

Laughing, letting tears flow out of his eyes in laughter, flying freely, and then falling, just like his whole life.

He picked up a stone and walked into the middle of the river.

Leaving only one hope for future generations is like a torture.

Knowing death is not to be let go, and I wish not to love it. Tell the gentleman, I will think it is like this.

At that moment, there were great fluctuations, transcending time and space, transcending success and failure, transcending all material limitations, imprinted into history, until a thousand years later, on the edge of another great water in the south, we can still hear a loud echo:

The sages of the ancients did not take things to be happy, and they were not sad.

Weisi people, who am I with?

Weisi people, who am I with?!

****************

After Qu Zi sank the river, this water has been silent for a long time, maybe some people have come here to pay their respects, and there are indeed many people here to commemorate, but to soothe the lonely heart of Dr. Sanlu, how can you rely on a few five-colored silk bound browns?

At least, I believe that he did not get any real comfort or recognition until the soul, who was as angry and worried as he was, came to the edge of Xiangshui with great disappointment.

At that time, it was on Jia Yi's way to Changsha to take office, as mentioned earlier, he was "not complacent", but he was in a very bad mood, so when he heard that the ordinary river in front of him was the water that swallowed Dr. Sanlu back then, his heart was touched.

and crossing the Hunan water, in order to endow the original with Qu Yuan.

This is a very famous indignation in Chinese history, and in the face of the giant who died more than 100 years ago, Jia Yi confided his great disappointment:

Inherit Jiahuixi, and sin Changsha. Hearing Qu Yuanxi, he sank into Miluo. Make a tuo Xiang Liuxi, pay tribute to Mr. Hang. Suffered by the world's recklessness, but it was a seizure. Woohoo lament, ominous! The phoenix is scurrying, and the owl is soaring. He is respectful and deceitful; The virtuous and sage are in reverse, and the square is upside down. The world is said to be greedy and greedy, and it is said to be incorruptible; Mo evil is a sudden, and the lead knife is a sudden. Yu is babbling, and there is no reason for birth!

expressed a meaning similar to Qu Yuan: Are all the people in the world blind? He actually said that Bo Yi was a greedy villain, that the thief was a moral gentleman, that Mo Ye was a useless blunt knife, and that the lead cast was a sharp artifact? But even more intensely, he even expressed his disappointment at something sacrosanct: woohoo, ominous!

(This similar meaning was implicitly expressed by Meng Haoran in the future: "If you don't know the Lord to give up, you will be sick and sparse.") As a result, the "Ming Lord" was very dissatisfied: "If I don't abandon the king, the king will abandon my ears." This similar disappointment and complaint, Liu Sanbian has also had: "Endure the floating name, and change it to a shallow low singing", in exchange for the white eyes of Zhao Guanjia: "Why use the floating name?" Let's fill in the words! If compared with them, Jia Yi's later encounters were quite lucky, and it can also be seen that the political atmosphere in the Han Dynasty was far more relaxed than in later generations, and the monarchy was heavy, and it was far less untouchable than later. ）

(By the way, the sentence "slander and ambition" can indeed be interpreted only in general terms, but if you take into account the previous Deng Tong incident, it is not impossible to think that this sentence is issued specifically to Deng Tong.) ）

He expressed his dissatisfaction with the fetters around him, those fetters that he hadn't even imagined: so that Qi Ji can be tied, how can he be a dog and a sheep! He also expressed his disappointment with the environment he was going to: how could he tolerate the ordinary filth and desecration of the boat!

It should be said that until this time, the realm he showed was still different from that of Zhu Qu Yuan, and now he is just an ordinary defeated minister who has been slandered and degraded, and the disappointment he has experienced, and the complaints he has made, in addition to his literary style, are not much more clever than the previous Wei, Ji, Xinling and even the two benevolent brothers who shouted "cone in the bag" and "sword and sword, it is better to return".

To be specific, what he embodies in his endowment at this time is more of a complaint: mourning for the body more than for the country, and anger is greater than worry. It does not reflect the consciousness of "being in the rivers and lakes and having Wei Que in your heart", nor does it reflect the targeted thinking of "meat eaters" because of worry.

It must be noted that Qu Yuan's death is the worry of going to the country, he is not mourning for his power and wealth, otherwise he can turn back at any time, he fought for the principle, defeated because of the principle, and finally died for the principle, until the last moment, what he cared about was still the fate of the Chu State, which is also the mode of thinking that can get the highest respect in the concept of traditional culture. In comparison, Jia Yi's anger is obviously superior and inferior.

However, just as Su Dongpogong, who was originally only a "great talent" after a thousand years later, achieved a spiritual take-off after falling south to Huangzhou, Jia Yi also began his journey to become an immortal and an immortal who lives forever in history and memory.

(More than 1,000 years later, the thin and bearded poet left Beijing and went south because of the attack, facing the surging river, the whistling mountain wind, and the gusts of bamboo waves, this loser instead washed away his disappointment and sorrow, and smiled at the sky, the earth, man, and the whole universe to show his heroism and open-mindedness. "Who is afraid?" A cloud of smoke and rain is Ren Ping's life. "There is" people have joys and sorrows, and the moon is cloudy and sunny, and this matter is difficult to complete. "There is" the great river to the east, the waves are exhausted, and the eternal romantic characters. Even, there is still a "300 lychees a day" that is still stolen by businessmen from time to time, and he does not hesitate to be a Lingnan person. The whole school of bold words, which will be vigorous in the future, can be regarded as having its own source. ）

(However, we should also remember that when Su Shi led Huang Qingcang, "a thousand horsemen rolled up Pinggang", he was already fifty years old, in that era of "people live for seventy years", this is almost the ember stage of life, at such a time to suffer a heavy blow, and at such a time to lick the wound, stand up calmly, still open his arms to the world, to swallow the wind hard, singing and roaring, and can make a breakthrough in his previous strengths, thus becoming a generation of words... ）

(Therefore, Su Shi can become the dazzling superstar of Li Du and Wuliu among the bright stars in the Chinese Wentian.) ）

(Since ancient times, China has not known how many great talents or self-righteous talents have been wronged and frustrated, only the case of the Song "Yuanyou Party", how many famous ministers in the south are more than 100?) However, there was only one Su Dongpo among them. ）

(It's far away again, let's pull it back again.) ）

Regarding Jia Yi's tenure as the prince in Changsha, Taishi Gong didn't say anything about it, only this sentence: "Jia Sheng has been the prince of Changsha for three years." ”

Nope.

There is no mention of Jia Yi's achievements and political views during this period, but the full text records another very famous article of his: Owl Fu.

Of course, by searching through other sources, we can still know that he did some things in this issue, including writing in support of his political enemies and giving advice on some of the economic policies of the time...... However, in my opinion, this article is enough, enough to tell us what Jia Yi has done during this period, what changes have been made, and why? Please look down:

Owl, the common name of Changsha at that time is "clothing", what kind of bird it is, I don't know, according to the account, it is a black bird about the same size as a magpie, one day suddenly flew to Jia Yi's house, looked at him blankly, and did not fly away.

(Again, when I saw this, the first thing I thought of was Edgar Poe, this guy once wrote a long poem called "The Crow", which also tells about a blackbird flying into his house one day, and looking at him coldly and not flying away...... However, the atmosphere skills of the whole poem are not comparable to Jia Yi, at least the text is too verbose, and it can only be said that it is quite interesting. ）

At the beginning, Jia Yi handled the atmosphere very depressingly, he took a moment, and said, "The wild bird is in the place, and the master will go", that is, the wild bird flew in by itself, and it seems that the owner is about to move out!

Reading this, we have to combine the environment that Jia Yi was in at that time, and Taishi Gong said from the beginning: Hearing that Changsha is humble and wet, he thinks that he will not live long. That is to say, Jia Yi is worried that he may not live long, and if people have ideas in their hearts, they are easy to think blindly, and he is like this now.

Then he simply moved his stool and sat down, and had a formal conversation with the bird.

May I ask Yu Fuxi: "Where is it going?" Jihu sued me, and he said it fiercely. The degree of drowning is the same as the period. ”

It seems that you are not an ordinary bird, otherwise you will not be scared and you will not be scared away, so you can say: what will happen to me next? If you can transfer away, tell me, you have to stay here for the rest of your life, and you have to tell me that it can be done, but you have to give an accurate word anyway.

If we are on the side, I think he is at least half stupid: It's okay, what are you angry with a bird? But, no, the bird did answer him.

Obey is sighing, raising your head and wings, your mouth can't speak, please be right.

Sighing, the bird raised his head, shook his arms, and began to chat, but he was a bird in the end, and he couldn't speak, so he asked Jia Yi to realize himself, that is, "Yes." ”

Mu Mu is endless, Hu Ke is victorious!

OMG, who can tell the number of fortunes!

Misfortune and blessing are relied on, and blessing and misfortune are lurking; Sorrow and joy gather in the door, and good and evil are in the same domain.

You asked me to say that human life is good and life is bad, but how can I say it, good things are sometimes bad things, bad things sometimes become good things, good things and good things, they are gathered in the same place, together.

Bi Wu is strong, and his husband is defeated; The more inhabited will be ridiculous, and the sentence will be practiced to dominate the world. Si You became a soldier and was sentenced to five punishments; Fu said that Xu is a martial artist.

Wu is amazing, right? Kefucha was hung up, the poorer the land, right? Ren Goujian later went to the Spring and Autumn Five Tyrants, isn't Li Si very capable? In the end, what punishment was put on him, Fu said that it would be bitter to do construction? Later, he became the prime minister of Wu Ding.

So, one person and one bird, sighed together.

You can't say what fate is, who knows it?

It's hard to tell if it's a thing!

And then, the bird thinks, can't you do all this negativity? Let me reason with you:

Heaven cannot be worried, and the Tao cannot be conspired with. Is there a fate in the late count, and the evil knows the time?

Providence is ethereal, do you know that the cloud will cover you? Dao this thing, do you have the ability to calculate clearly? Everything has a law that you can't see, why are you kid in a hurry?!

After that, it is one of the most famous monologues in the ancient Qin and Han dynasties: (See the following text does not react, don't tell me that you have seen the eagle)

And the husband and the earth are the furnace, and the creation is the work; Yin and yang are charcoal, and all things are copper. Disperse the news, and there are regular rules; Ever-changing, there is no beginning. Suddenly embarrassed, how to control it; What is the trouble of turning into a foreign body!

Sue you, boy, this heaven and earth are a furnace, and that "life" is the worker who watches the furnace, the sun and the moon change, like charcoal, and all living beings are the burned bubbling copper juice in the furnace.

I see? You're just a drop of copper! Gathering and dispersing, what is the truth about that, the joys and sorrows of success or failure, that is headless, you are now a human being, but it's nothing, even if you suddenly become a dog and a cat, it's not strange!

Here, as well as the influence of fortune and misfortune above, we can clearly see the influence of Lao Zhuang's thought on Jia Yi, especially the thinking about "the accident of people as people", which is exactly the same as Zhuang Zhoumengdie's incident, and has a deep open-mindedness, a kind of meaninglessness: how is being a person? Insufficient control, what about foreign bodies? Don't worry!

See, Jia Yi at this stage has a deep understanding of Lao Zhuang, and he can eat the spirit of Mengdie to this point, and integrate such a flexible transformation of the Tao Te Ching into his own works, which definitely takes a long time to read and think, but it is not like a reed fish that can be written by grabbing a few pieces of bamboo and copying it at hand.

But then the problem comes, we all know: Although Jia Yi doesn't understand poetry and books, he follows Li Si Han Fei's number all the way, and he is the backbone of the Legalist! At best, with a little Confucianism and etiquette, there is nothing to do with Lao Zhuang!

You don't have to go far, just look at the text three years ago, hanging Qu Yuanfu, in addition to complaining or complaining, pointing to the sky and scolding the earth, strong and fierce, but there is no shadow of Lao Zhuang in it, right?

Speaking of the intersection of Jia Yi's early and Lao Zhuang's thoughts, there is another interesting example.

The biography of the Japanese and the biography of the turtle in the "Historical Records", because they were written by the young grandchildren, their status and value are relatively low, which is equivalent to Gao E's "Lan Gui Qi Fang...... However, there is some interesting information in it.

"The Legend of the Sun" (In other words, the meaning of this day is not FuckingMan...... It means soothsayer. ) mentions a man named Sima Jizhu, who lived in the eastern city of Chang'an. Today, he is a half-immortal who tells fortunes under the Beijing overpass.

But this half-immortal, he is famous!

At that time, Jia Yi had just entered the court, and he was still working as a doctor, and one day, he and a colleague named Song Zhong "came out to wash." ”

This bath is not really to take a bath, but a holiday name for officials at that time, a bath every five days. said that the two of them went out to wash, but in fact, the two of them went out for a walk together.

Where are they going...... I went to see Sima Banxian.

Jia Yi's reason for going to see the half-immortal is very interesting: "I heard that the ancient sage does not live in the imperial court, but must be among the divination." Now I have seen the three princes and nine Qing courtiers, and they can all know it. Try to observe the divination. ”

I've heard that a long, long time ago, if the saints were not officials, they would pretend to be gods and ghosts, but now I have seen all the officials in the court, and I have seen them clearly, so let's try my luck again and go to the fortune tellers to have a look.

As always, he took a big breath, only a doctor of 600 stones, and less than a year after entering the court, he packed all the "Three Princes and Nine Qing Dynasty Doctors", and marked them with the three words "everything can be known" with a signature pen...... To be honest, I really can't complain that no one is messing with him.

What did Sima Banxian say? "The way of heaven and earth, the luck of the sun and the moon, the foundation of yin and yang." From this point of view, it is a combination of Yin-Yang and Taoism in a broad sense, according to the young grandsons, Jia Yi listened to it very much, so he asked him: "I look at Mr. Wang's appearance, listen to Mr.'s words, the kid is looking at the world, and I haven't seen it." Where is the humility of the dwelling, and what is the defilement of the deeds? ”

I've seen a lot of Sangong Jiuqing, and I feel that their ability is not as good as yours, but why are you so miserable?

Let's take a look at it today, I think Jia Yi's words are a bit vulgar: why do you ask the issue of treatment when you open your mouth? Money is not a measure of success, we should cultivate a healthy attitude towards life and career, put work first, work cleanly, pay attention to the life circle outside the eight hours, correctly evaluate and constantly improve their happiness index, so as to work happily and live happily...... Right?

But this is not only Jia Yi, this is originally the tradition of his master.

Check Li Si's biography, he consciously succeeded in his studies, and when he was about to go to Qin to seek help, he resigned to Xunzi like this.

"Now the king of Qin wants to swallow the world, call the emperor and rule, and the autumn of the lobbyist when this cloth is galloping."

I can see it, King Qin is now iron-hearted, and he wants to leave the United Nations alone! At this time, it's a good opportunity to make a fortune, I'm going to try my luck and see if the water of the lobbying group outside the hospital is deep.

Li Si made no secret of the fact that he has no status now, and he did not hide that he has ambition now, and expressed strong contempt for those who have no status and no ambition: "Those who are in a lowly position and do not do anything, this bird and deer despise meat, and human face can force the ears of the people." Therefore there is nothing more to criticize than to be humble, and nothing to be sad than to be poor. For a long time, in a lowly position, a place of hardship, not the world and evil profits, self-trust in inaction, this is not a gentleman's feelings! ”

If you don't have the ability, you don't work hard if you have the ability, and you are willing to be quiet in the so-called peace, so you are not worthy of being a man, you are simply not worthy of being a person, it is a piece of meat that can walk!

Reading these two passages together, the heart is imprinted, it is simply the same soul!

It should be said that this is the true Confucianism, who highly values self-worth and the principles and values it holds, and makes every effort to seize every opportunity to implement it and regard it as the embodiment of self-worth. We, who have been completely immersed in this commodity society and have been reshaped by it, are not qualified to laugh at Li Si and Jia Sheng because of this strong and naked materialistic desire, because, in them, this is only a harvest of the goal, not the goal itself, it is a necessary step to practice our own ideals and transform the external world.

Confucianism is the way of being strong and healthy, the Tao is still pure and inactive, and the controversy between entering the WTO and being born is their fundamental difference, from this point of view, Confucianism and law, in fact, there is no difference: Confucianism is the law of love, and the law is the Confucianism of decisiveness, both of them attach equal importance to order, also have a strong desire to enter the WTO, follow the same saints and sages, and have the same values on most issues, and the difference is only the prescription *...... In the words of a Taoist, "These two have the same name and different names."

Back to the half-immortal, in the face of Jia Yi's question, Sima Banxian's answer was similar to what we thought: first scolded the profession of being an official, which is nothing more than saying something like burning incense when you see a leader, putting a gun when you see the masses, turning when you can, and making baskets if you can, saying that in the current selection system, good people can't be officials...... Of course, he didn't go any further, and clearly announced that those who became officials were not good people, but in the face of two young cadres who had just been promoted and were still on the reserve list of ministers, he was already choking enough to talk about this.

Then, he blew his profession again, emphasizing that there is nothing wrong with Qianmen, it has a glorious and long history, from the beginning of the three emperors and five emperors and sages, they began to share the same domain, follow A money, and the cost of this work is small, the hardware requirements are low, you can close the door when you get up, you can open when you sit down, green environmental protection, no environmental pollution, etc., in the middle, in order to emphasize your correctness, he also quoted a passage of Zhuangzi's words, called "There is no hunger and cold in the gentleman, there is no worry about robbery outside, and he respects the top, It is not harmful to live down, and the way of a gentleman is also. ”

…… However, let's talk about it privately, take Zhuangzi's words, it really can't prove anything, everyone knows that in the eyes of Zhuangzi, even robbers are people with Taoism, what is a liar?

The most poisonous is the last few words of Sima Banxian: "Therefore, Qiji cannot be a donkey with a donkey, and Fenghuang is not a flock with a bird, and a sage is not in the same column as an unscrupulous person." Therefore, the gentleman is humble and hidden to dispel the public, self-concealment to dispel the public, slightly see the virtue and obedience to eliminate the group harm, and use tomorrow's nature to help the upper and lower to support the subordinates, and more utilitarian, not to seek honor. The public and other people are also screaming, how do you know the way of the elderly! ”

A good horse doesn't run with a donkey, a phoenix doesn't fly with a sparrow, and of course I won't stay with those third-rate characters to be an official...... You two little things, so what do you know about my old man?!

It should be said that from beginning to end, Sima Banxian's words exude a strong Zhuangzi style, even if there is no quotation of Zhuangzi's words, we can not hesitate to classify him into Taoism.

According to Zhu Shaosun, he was a successful thunderbolt to Jia Yi: suddenly he lost himself, he was colorless, and he was speechless. And it also made Jia Yi sigh: "The road is high and the situation is safe, and the situation is high." The momentum of the great is lost and there is a day. And reflected on himself, "I am not judged by others, and I have nowhere to go." "I think the gap between myself and the half-immortal is really big, "I and Ruo, how can I predict it!" ”

The one who said, you wait, what does this paragraph prove? Isn't this an example of Jia Yi being influenced by Lao Zhuang's thoughts?

I said, no.

Of course, I don't want to question the authenticity of this text, although they are the handwriting of the young grandsons, but there is no historical backing, and I can't just say that people made it up, right?

I mean, maybe Jia Yi really had to visit that half-immortal, maybe Jia Yi really sighed like that, but...... None of this proves anything.

Mr. Lu Xun said that of course the great man also has to eat and *, but if he draws pictures and enshrines them in the Qinglou, he will be regarded as an example of *...... That's really not true. In the same way, when Jia Yi's writings in the same period are full of vigor and vigor, and he is aggressive, of course, we can't just wipe out all his other performances based on a sentence in a very suspicious record.

Moreover, even during his time in Changsha, during this period of Jia Yi's great disappointment, we can still see an essential difference between him and the Taoist pure and inaction.

The actions guided by Taoism's inaction and thoughtlessness are no longer the pursuit of victory and success, evasion, and dragging, while what Jia Yi has obtained with the help of Taoist thought is that he is no longer troubled by his own failures, is calm, and is lurking and waiting.

For example, Sima Banxian's outlook on life in the face of failure is simply "not forever", and he even told himself that successful people will eventually "have regrets", but Jia Yi is "don't use the hidden dragon", silently waiting for the day when "or jump in the abyss".

…… Tianxingjian, a gentleman strives for self-improvement.

…… To live or to perish? This is a question worth pondering: which of the two acts is more noble, which is more noble, to endure the tyrannical poisonous arrows of fate, or to stand up against the boundless suffering of the world and sweep them away through struggle?

Regarding the changes in Jia Yi's thoughts, we will discuss it at the end and enjoy this article first.

The next words are all from this bird to persuade Jia Yi, the meaning is similar, let's just take the last few sentences:

Don't be born to treasure yourself, raise empty and float; Virtuous people are not tired, and they are not worried. Why, how can it be doubted!

(Seeing "don't take life to treasure yourself", people who are familiar with the Tao Te Ching should immediately think of the meaning of "if you don't love your body, so you can complete your body", indeed, if you break every sentence and gnaw it, Jia Yi's bird fu is simply a rock version of Li Er.) ）

The most important thing is the last two sentences, which are so detailed, how can it be doubted!

What do these two words mean?

It is a small thorn, a small grass meson, and a small fish bone.

Thinking about it, you encountered all that little thing, you are at least better than Xiang Yu, right? It's better than Yingbu Peng Yue Han Xin and his brother, right? It's better than the ordinary people who died in those more than ten years, right? What are you annoying, sitting in the room with a sad face every day, are you troubled!

It's like an initiation!

This is what Foyun said: separate the six top yang bones and pour a bucket of ice and snow.

When I first read this article, I was still a middle school student, and I didn't understand the world's worries, and then I re-read it during college, focusing on studying the evolution of Jia Yi's thought and academics, and I didn't pay much attention to it.

I seem to hear it again, in the Mid-Autumn Festival of the Bingchen year, there were bursts of laughter on the edge of the Yangtze River:

There should be no hatred, what is the long time to say goodbye?

There should be no hatred, what is the long time to say goodbye!

*****************

After fully loading this endowment, Tai Shi Gong did not drop a single word, and directly jumped one step back, and one step was more than a year.

After a few years, Jia Sheng was recruited.

Jia Yi finally returned to the dynasty.

There is a very beautiful and sad poem about this return to the court, which makes a wonderful silhouette for us.

Jia Sheng.

The Xuan Room sought to visit the ministers, and Jia Shengcai was even more incoherent. Pity the front seat in the middle of the night, and don't ask the common people to ask the ghosts and gods.

Li Shangyin's political life is similar to Jia Yi's, after being valued and favored for a short period of brilliance, he was involuntarily and unconsciously involved*, and as a result, he completely lost the opportunity to exert his political talent and realize his political ambitions in the second half of his life.

Indeed, for a man who has always regarded himself as a politician and has been suppressed and neglected for a long time, after finally regaining trust and respect, he is first and foremost expected to be able to show his talent in some illusory matter, which is indeed almost a mockery, and it is a very cold and profound mockery.

However, to be fair, we should still comprehensively examine the big back~scene of this inquiry and think about the differences between Han and Tang cultures before drawing conclusions.

First of all, let's take a look at Taishi Gong's record:

After a few years, Jia Sheng was recruited. Emperor Xiaowen received the award and sat in the Xuan room. Because of the feeling of ghosts and gods, he asked about the origin of ghosts and gods. Jia Sheng is so natural because of the Tao. In the middle of the night, Emperor Wen sat in front of him. After that, he said: "I haven't seen Jia Sheng for a long time, and I think it's too much, but it's too late now." ”

Li, that is, the meat and fruit used in the sacrifice or something, here is a very refined statement, saying that he has just eaten the sacrificial things, which means that Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty has just sacrificed to the ancestors, the Xuan room, is the name of a palace, the location is in the north of the Weiyang Palace, I haven't figured out what the specific special use is, but it is located in the north of Weiyang, and it is sitting here after the ancestors have been sacrificed, so it should be about a quiet room and something like that.

The specific story is similar to what Li Shangyin summarized, but there is one more last sentence: "I haven't seen Jia Sheng for a long time, and I think it's too much, but now it's too late." ”

Oops, I haven't seen Jia Yila for a long time, and I always thought he should be abolished, but I didn't expect him to be so capable!

Please note that Emperor Wen of Han was very aware of Jia Yi's talent at the earliest, otherwise he would not have overtaken him, but why does he have the idea of "thinking that he is too much" now? Because in his heart, he really felt that Jia Yi had been abolished: under that kind of rotten environment, it was probably a self-abandonment of PLMM every day, right?

When he thinks like this, he may still have a little regret and heartache, but it doesn't matter, the world is so big, there are so many talents, and if you can't stand the frustration, you will be scrapped.

Unexpectedly, the result was "It's too late." ”

Good guy, this time Emperor Wen of Han was taken aback.

I think that at that time, in the second half of the night, Emperor Wen of Han must have been rubbing his eyes, looking Jia Yi up and down, and finally just rubbing a few steps forward in order to see a little more clearly. That's why it's "front seat".

(The front seat, that is, from the kneeling place to move a few steps forward, at that time people meet are kneeling and talking, pressing the butt on the back heels, this posture I have also tried, no, even ten minutes can not be held, the thief is sour, think that he can be like this for a night, I really can't accept it.) ）

Boy, all right!

As mentioned earlier, from the differences between the two essays, it can be found that Jia Yi has at least re-studied Lao Zhuang's thought and mastered it well in the past three years, and in addition, he should have studied and improved his level during his time in Changsha about the things of gods and ghosts.

Why?

As mentioned earlier, Jia Yi's school of origin is a Legalist, who is this family? Shang Ying, except for the biggest master of the Lao Ying family, he doesn't recognize anyone; Han Fei, as soon as he opened his mouth, he bit the five beetles and screamed; Li Si, when he was about to be killed by Zhao Gao, he still remembered "Therefore Han Zi said: 'A loving mother has a defeated son and the Yan family has no qualifications'" and "It is the old Han Zi who said, 'The cloth is ordinary, the mediocre people are not relieved, the gold is overflowing, and the thieves do not fight'", and when he went to kill the head, he only remembered that he couldn't pull a yellow dog to hunt, and he said, "I can't spare you Zhao Gao if I am a ghost!" I didn't have any thoughts.

To put it bluntly, the people of the Legalists only believe in the law, do not believe in the emperor or the ministers, do not believe in loyalty or relatives, heaven and earth, ghosts and gods, and the ancestors of the Bo Kao, they only believe in the strict and meticulous laws that are reliably enforced, and they can't even believe in themselves. You say, such a group of lords will have nothing to do with a little god lord in their hearts? The ghost can't believe it!

And, if you study the new book, you will also find that Jia Yi's remarks during his first entry into the dynasty appeared something related to Zou Yan's (yes, Ji Yanran's master, Xiang Shaolong's cheap master) Five Elements Rise and Replace Doctrine, but it almost did not involve the affairs of heaven and earth, ghosts and gods, so there was no reason for him to be proficient in the theory of ghosts and gods at that time, otherwise, with his bullish strength when he first entered the court, he knew how to follow the teachings? It must have been revealed a long time ago.

Please note: In the Han Dynasty, Confucianism was just an academic group that controlled the sacrificial power, and the later Song and Ming Dynasty science was inferior to the old nose, the theoretical foundation was not good, and the Analects were not very familiar, but as soon as they opened their mouths, they were all over the place, and it could be said that in addition to superstition, it could be said that in addition to superstition, in addition to seeing Qin Shi Huang's jokes, no longer messing up the immortal medicine, the others are the same, especially the study of the weft, in the Han Dynasty, it was simply so bright that it could not be added, and I don't know how many people were killed.

But, the emperor believes it!

If it is good, the next will follow, the king of Chu has a thin waist, and the reason why Gong E starved to death is here, the Kao Han generation, pointing to these auspicious things, Wei Wei, Chong Ji and the like can't stop the promotion of one hundred and two hundred, and even the prime minister has been out in the middle, at that time, to understand this, it is like knowing two foreign languages today and getting an MBA certificate in the United States, as if you have more face when you go out, it is glorious!

You say, Jia Yi understood this at the time, and he couldn't mention it at all in his own twists and turns?

Since ancient times, the poor and sick have thought about ghosts and gods, and they have prayed to heaven and never believed in it. In my estimation, Jia Yi should have been frustrated in Changsha, unable to accept the reality for a while, and began to think about the truth of life, just like when everyone in China shouted in the twenties that he had a way to save the country, and there was a big series of theories and hundreds of schools, he should have had a big series in his mind at that time, and that owl fu should be a stage summary of himself.

Judging from his later articles and political opinions, he still doesn't seem to be very good, probably because he had studied it at the beginning, and finally he said that it was not very credible, but if he didn't believe it, the foundation of knowledge was there, and in the end it was a person who had studied it, and it was still different when he said it, so Emperor Wen of Han still had to listen to him, and felt that he spoke well, "It's too late today." ”

After that, it was the reappointment of Jia Yi: Ju Qingzhi, worshipping Jia Sheng as the prince of Liang Huai.

Soon, he was asked to be a master again, but this time it was for King Liang Huai.

King Liang Huai, this is very different from the King of Changsha!

Who's that? The youngest son of Emperor Wen of Han! And it's a little son who is very pleasing to him!

What does that mean? That is to say, Jia Yi is back, really back.

In the Han Dynasty, there was no system of standing long, the emperor liked whoever he liked, for this there was no less trouble, when the old Liu family opened the country, Liu Bang almost replaced the stupid son with a little Ruyi born with Mrs. Qi is an example, and later during the Han Ling period, Liu Xie and Liu Wei's two relatives fought to He Jin, Yuan Shao, Dong Zhuo and ran to the palace is also an example, and Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty himself is not very tough, and the number of long and virtuous people can not be ranked, it is Zhou Bo who patted his head and chosen, and he doesn't care much about this. In general, King Liang Huai seemed to be at least one of the promising heirs at that time, Jia Yi gave him a prince, compared to staying in Changsha as a prince, the gap was basically the same as the gap he planted from the Taizhong doctor to Changsha, but this time he turned around and went up.

Why, then, was he able to achieve such a near-impossible rebirth? There are many reasons for this:

In terms of the general environment, it is Emperor Wen of Han who has achieved the first round of transformation in his mind, compared to four years ago, he has firmly grasped the power and has the prestige that the emperor should have, and now, his ideas can finally be implemented in Chang'an City with less elbows.

At the beginning, he was an important minister who was against Jia Yi, and Zhou Bo was exempted from the country at this time, and he was always living in fear. That is to say, as soon as a comrade from the Provincial Public Security Department came down to Jiangdi, he was afraid that he would come to kill him, so he put on his armor and let his subordinates also hold weapons before they dared to go out to meet others. Even so, he was not spared, he was told in a letter, "Lieutenant of the Lower Court", he was released after being humiliated, and Guan Ying took over the phase after Zhou Bo was dismissed, but the official of the Tai Lieutenant was dismissed, that is, he did not have the right to directly command the armed forces, and changed to civilian personnel, and his authority and ability to express opinions independently in front of the emperor were also much worse, and by the time Jia Yi returned to the court, he had already passed away.

You must know that Zhou Bo did not want to leave by himself when he was exempted from the prime minister, but the emperor said to him: "The day before yesterday, I edicted the princes to go to the country, or failed to do it, and the prime minister was important, and he took the lead." "What does this mean? That is to say, old comrade, you can help me think about it, I asked everyone not to stay in the capital a few days ago, and go back to their fiefdoms, how good is it to live a rich life? But everyone refuses to leave, Jianghou you are the prime minister, everyone has always known that I value you, why don't you work hard, take the lead, ah, do you think it?

That thing... Who would dare say no?

In other words, Zhou Bo, he was forced to take away.

In this, there is also a big back~ scene, not only for Zhou Bo, but actually for all the old ministers of Gaozu, what does it mean? As mentioned earlier, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty was originally the acting king, sealed in the area from present-day Shanxi to Hebei, when he saw the Empress Dowager Lu sharpening her knife Huo Huo looking around, his heart was similar to the feeling of Li Yi and Li Xian in the early Tang Dynasty when they looked at Wu Cao's abacus, and he only wanted to pretend that his grandson would survive this catastrophe, and he didn't dream that he would be able to be the emperor one day, in fact, until Zhou Bo and they got rid of Sanlu, agreed to establish the acting king, and sent someone to pick him up, he was still a little stage frightened, and discussed with his subordinates whether he should go or not.

At that time, one of his subordinates said this: "The ministers of the Han Dynasty are all generals of the late Emperor Gao, practicing soldiers, and scheming and deceitful. Now that Zhu Lu has been punished, the new blood-thirsty Beijing master, this is in the name of welcoming the king, which is really not credible. May the king say that there is no going forward, so as to see what happens. ”

That is to say: Zhou Bo and they were all the generals of Gaozu at that time, they were all people who played the art of war and ate with knives, none of them were really minded, everyone had their own intention of being the emperor at that time, but they were afraid that Gaozu and the Empress Dowager Lu were powerful, and now they just got rid of the surname Lu, which is considered to have lifted a psychological shadow, and shouted that the king you entered Beijing, but you don't want to overcome another psychological shadow together, the king, you still have to bear with it, pretend to be sick for a few days, and look at the signs.

It should be said that this is indeed not without purpose: after the Han Dynasty, it really didn't stop, and the old Wu family in Changsha was not counted, and none of the kings with different surnames in the founding of the People's Republic of China died well, and instead of them, it was "not Liu must not be the king", and there were many big Liu Wang and Xiao Liu Wang like flies, and it is no wonder that the old Liu family is not at ease when they see these heroes: The tallest points of your group of people have been cut down by our family, and now is it that your group of guys who are sitting in the back row are also going to start to have any thoughts?

At that time, Emperor Wen of Han was indeed moved to pretend to be sick, but fortunately, another courtier jumped out and said a bunch of big truths, listing one, two, three, four, and several articles, talking about the head is the way, but Emperor Wen of Han was not at ease, and took another hexagram, which was an auspicious hexagram, so he made up his mind to enter Beijing, but he didn't dare to enter outside the capital, and sent a benevolent brother to explore the way in the capital, who is it? Song Chang is the one who persuaded Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty to enter Beijing above, which means: Aren't you more saliva than tea? Aren't you sure? That's sorry, you just stiffen your neck and try it first!

Fortunately, Song Chang's neck is very hard, and Emperor Wen of Han really has the "share of the Son of Heaven", Zhou Bo and they honestly handed over the seal of the Son of Heaven, and Emperor Wen of Han became the emperor, and he is also loyal and self-disciplined, except for occasionally muttering "young and ignorant", he has not had any power.

But Emperor Wen of Han was still unhappy.

In this, it is important to note one thing: that is, the emperor of Emperor Wen of Han did not take office through the normal procedures for the transfer of imperial power, that is, after the previous emperor confirmed his legitimacy, but was summed up by several ministers.

Is this still worth it?!

As a courtier, the emperor and even the government supports the dynasty, in Chinese history, there are many guys who have done this, but how about the number of hands?

Huo Guang, the general of the Han Dynasty, established Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty, but Emperor Zhao "stabbed him in the back" every day, endured it until he died, and finally couldn't bear it anymore and punished his family; Liang Ji, the prime minister of the Han Dynasty, even poisoned the original emperor in order to establish a new emperor, but in the end, the new master still didn't appreciate it, and the entire Liang family that he killed was almost finished; The Song Emperor of the Southern Dynasty was lewd, Fu Liang and Xie Hui did it in a fit of anger, but as a result, Liu Yilong turned his face when he came to power, killed and degraded, and left no one left,... Basically, it can be said that except for Yi Yin, who is often talked about by these guys, who "does Taijia's things", no family can leave with a good ending.

Or it is another type: Dong Zhuo abolished the young emperor of the Han Dynasty, established Chen Liu, and then almost destroyed the Han family; Sima Yi changed Cao Chao like a child, and in the end, he changed his son to become the emperor; Xiao Luan abolished Emperor Qi, and after three months of abolition, he didn't like it, so he simply became the emperor himself... In general, the emperor has private weapons, so can the courtiers be the masters? What is that?

Don't you hear that Taibai has a saying: "The king loses his ministers and the dragon is a fish." The power belongs to the minister, and the rat becomes a tiger! ”

Therefore, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty's distrust of these old ministers has been a long time and deeply rooted in the bone marrow, and the worries and fears of these old ministers about the emperor are also out of reason and accumulated day and night, these things are the inevitable of thousands of years of disputes between Chinese princes and the accumulation of imperial culture, and they are the repertoire that will be staged again after the establishment of any new dynasty, and they can never be eliminated by a few shows of loyalty and a few shows of grace.

Therefore, the removal of these old ministers by Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty is an inevitability, and it is also an inevitability to cultivate and reuse his own team, and the emergence of Jia Yi can be regarded as catering to this inevitability to a certain extent, which is the general environment and the external cause of Jia Yi's reuse.

(By the way, note the previous summary of Jia Yi's early political views, which includes this sentence: "And the princes are all born from Jia.") That is to say, Jia Yi had come up with this idea a long time ago, but he didn't implement it at that time. ）

However, the more important thing is the internal cause, which is Jia Yi's own reason.

Jia Yi, as proposed in his early work "Persuasion", has always remembered the truth that "sometimes rare and easy to lose", although through ups and downs, but the heart of research and the feeling of worrying about the country will not be damaged.

Someone asked again, you are slow, didn't you just say it, Jia Sheng's attitude was not very healthy when he was bubbling water, he was extremely dissatisfied with the organization's arrangement, and he was so scolded that he was a typical example of "complaining too much to prevent intestinal breaking"!

This, whining doesn't mean not reading and not doing things, right?

I have already made an analysis just now, Changsha three years, Jia Yi's overall ideological system is actually a reshaping, helping him to more widely absorb some of the things that he used to see clearly or unsightly because of his high vision, helping him to start from the micro level, specifically investigate and study the details and laws of the operation of the first-level government, all of which are very valuable, but at the same time, it is not easy, it is not easy for a beautiful person, for a loser, It is even more difficult for a loser who will be sympathetically recognized for any depravity and indulgence.

…… But, Jia Yi did it.

Jia Yi was in Changsha for four years before and after, during this period, Taishi Gong only mentioned the owl Fu, but based on other information, we can still determine that the new book "Class", "Coinage", and "Copper Cloth" must have been written in this period, and "Wounds" and "Domain" and "Strong", although they were identified as made during the second entry into the dynasty, must have been basically completed during this period.

The "Class" article, the date is better determined, although it is combined with many other articles in the Han book into the "Chen Zheng Shi Shu", but in conjunction with the historical events of the same period, it is obviously composed in Han around the fourth year.

As mentioned earlier, although the ministers of Jiangguan exerted their influence and successfully squeezed out Jia Yi, throughout the history of the Han Dynasty, this was their last dance, and then, as the majesty of the Han language continued to improve, more and more people began to hesitate, and finally decided to try to knock down these tall and majestic group statues. And among them, the most outstanding Marquis Zhou Bo, of course, became the target of public criticism, and after taking the country, he was soon tied back, thrown into prison, and suffered humiliation, so much so that he even said, "I have a million troops, but I know the value of the prison guard!" "That's the case.

Judging from the text, this seems to be just a misunderstanding, and after figuring it out, the Chinese language quickly "made the envoy pardon the marquis of Jiang and restored the lord", released Zhou Bo, and took the country. However, of course, talking like this is as ridiculous as saying that Qin Hui killed Yue Fei and had nothing to do with Zhao Gou.

Since it was the emperor's decision, of course, no one would be uninteresting enough to come out and explain it, after all, although in the Qin and Han dynasties, Taishi Gong's style is also extremely rare.

In the end, it was the Empress Dowager Bo who helped Zhou Bo get out of prison, but in addition to this, there was another name, a name that could make everyone smash their glasses, and write a book to bail him out.

Jia Yi.

The minister said: "Although the shoes are fresh, Fu Yi adds pillows; Although the crown is disadvantageous, it is a good job. "The husband tastes in the position of the nobleman, the Son of Heaven changes his appearance and tastes the appearance, and the people taste the prostrate in awe. If the husband binds it, it is tied to it, and it is lost by the commonplace, and it is made up of apprentices. Si Kou was a chief and a small official scolded and set an example, so he made everyone see it. The humble man knows the things of the noble, once I can add it, not so I learn the world, and I am not the transformation of the noble. The husband and the son of heaven taste the favor, the people taste the favor, die and die, and the slut should be humiliated by this.

I've heard that no matter how bad the hat is, it won't be stepped on, and if a big man is at fault, he can be excused, he can be driven away, and he can even be killed, but he can't be humiliated!

Of course, if you use the worst malice to figure it out, this book can also be interpreted in a variety of ways. For example, he wanted to instigate the emperor to give Zhou Bo a happy ...... However, I believe that there is no one in a thousand who will think so.

It should be said that this is more of an aristocratic consciousness, a kind of arrogance from the heart, for example, Jia Yi thinks that Zhou Bo should use a tiger's head to kill, and he can't bully people like a dog's head...... As far as I am concerned, I really don't agree with Jia Yi's reason, but it is a truly noble act for him to write a book to relieve his political enemies, at least, I find it hard to believe that a man who relaxes his requirements for himself and no longer is rigorous and courteous can do such a noble thing.

(By the way, among Jia Yi's sparseness, this is one of the few times that has been executed immediately, during the Wen and Jing periods, although the liehous were guilty, they were not imprisoned, and it was not until the middle of the Han Dynasty that they began to invite these nobles to go to prison again, of course, those sinners did not see it because they were grateful to Jia Yi, because ...... Basically, they all directly "committed suicide". ）

The articles "Coinage" and "Copper Cloth" are aimed at coinage.

At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the state specialized in minting copper coins, but in the fifth year of Emperor Wen, "in addition to the theft of coinage, so that the people can mint their own money", that is, so that local forces can mint money on their own, as long as they meet the unified standards of the country. After Jia Yi heard about this, he was very surprised, and continued to read the book, saying that he couldn't speak.

It should be said that Jia Yi saw it very accurately, as soon as the wind of private casting opened, the first thing was to fatten the kings who had copper mountains in the territory, and the national strength was getting stronger, and the heart of not being subordinate was also erected (by the way, there is also a famous profiteer, that is, our Deng Tong classmate, he relied on the emperor's favor, he circled a few copper mountains in Sichuan, opened a furnace to cast money, that is called a rich flowing oil, but in the end he still didn't die well, his family wealth was gone, he died of hunger, but it was cheaper Zhuo Wenjun and his father and a group of other people, and grew into another batch of huge riches in Sichuan after the widow of the Qing Dynasty), At the same time, it also formed a major interference with the normal order of currency circulation, but it should be said that there is also a reason in Chinese: in fact, in that era, there were not enough identification and monitoring methods, and it was impossible to strictly prohibit private minting. However, just as the analysis of Wang Chuanshan in later generations: "Those who can cast are not poor, and those who are poor cannot be cast, it is clear." Those who are rich will be rich, and those who are poor will be poor. This policy of the Han language had a very bad impact, and it never completely dissipated with the rise and fall of the entire Han Dynasty.

In this matter, it can be seen that the following points can be made: First, Jia Yi's state and possible reaction to society, especially the people at the bottom, are obviously more clear than those of Hanwen and the group of staff officers and think tanks in the DPRK and China. The second is that although Jia Yi is isolated in the rivers and lakes, he still has Wei Que in his heart, and between movement and stillness, he is in line with the rhythm and the opportunity, in other words, despite the fierce complaints at the beginning, he did not indulge in his actions, let alone give up. Third, in Jia Yi's early years and during his first entry into the dynasty, most of what he said was the academic study of etiquette and law, and his discussion of the economy was limited to accumulating grain and persuading farmers to benefit the country's strength. This is the first time that a living economic issue has been involved...... And if it doesn't prove that he's been working hard all the time, I can't think of any evidence to look for.

During the same period, Jia Yi also deduced a very important conclusion, why the king of Changsha can become the only surviving king with a different surname.

Stealing the past, probably the strong will be the first to rebel. Huaiyin Wang Chu is the strongest, and he is the first to rebel; Han Wangxin leaned on Hu, and it was the opposite; Guan Gao is because of Zhao Zi, and it is the opposite; Chen Feng's soldiers are strong, but they are the opposite; Peng Yue uses beams, and it is the opposite; Huainan cloth is used in Huainan, and it is the opposite; If Lu Wanguo is weaker than the most, it will be the last to be opposed. Changsha is 25,000 households, and the strength is not enough to rebel, so the merit is less and the most complete, the sparse and the most loyal, and the whole flesh and blood. When Changsha had no reason, it was not an independent alien, and its situation was the same.

…… To put it bluntly, it is weak and gets its life!

This is a statement full of dialectical wisdom, but also faintly permeated with the taste of Lao Tzu's blessings and misfortunes, after saying it, it seems very simple, everyone will say that this is very understandable, nothing surprising, but before Jia Yi, no one else has made such an analysis, even, I think, even in the early Han Dynasty, Jia Yi, who can be called "a Confucian in the world" and has unparalleled talent, if he has not personally experienced the humility of Changsha, he probably will not suddenly realize the truth behind the whirlpool of history.

It can be said that it is precisely because of Jia Yi's strength and stubbornness, because of his refusal to give up, and because of his respect for his self-worth, that he was able to wait for the opportunity to return to the dynasty in that humble place, and quickly proved that he was capable enough to assume the position of minister.

Of course, Jia Yi's final ending is still unfortunate, King Liang died early, Jia died of illness, but, in my opinion, Jia Yi, who returned to the dynasty for the second time, has waited for the opportunity, and also ushered in the flying sky, King Liang's fall from the horse and Jia Yi's health, that is more of an accident, not a historical necessity, besides, that accident only cut off Jia Sheng's path at "that time", but it couldn't stop him from leading to the "eternal" heavenly steps. Don't say how his beautiful words have been remembered and recited by generations of Chinese, and how his cold and accessible political opinions have been picked up by countless big people with aspirations and statuses to study, interpret and elaborate...... Just look at how many of Jia Yi's essays were implemented after his death, and what consequences those unaccepted suggestions eventually brought about, we can know that he has succeeded.

Han Yitude

Cutting the domain

Ming system

The princes were inaugurated

to collect the sins of filth

Except for the sin of slander and fallacy

Plough the land to persuade the people

Divide the princes and brothers

Ring Huainan

…………

For the evaluation and summary of Jia Yi's life before and after, I would like to directly quote another person's poem, a giant who once chanted "the spring breeze and the south bank of the Green River" with infinite joy, and once wrote "always replace the new peach with the old charm" with great confidence.

Jia Sheng

For a while, the road is planned, who says that the king Bo Jiasheng is born? The title is self-explanatory, and it is so much like a prince in ancient times!

…… Jia Yi, measured by his thirty-three-year-old life, he has achieved nothing, but measured by the time and space of the two Han Dynasty and four hundred years, and measured by the time and space of two thousand years so far, Jia Yi ...... He has succeeded.

Kong Zhang's character was written in August 2005

Revised August 2008