Section 284 Monetary Reform on the Gold Standard
Su Chong'a not only took out the gold mine, but also attached the data results of hiring European professional engineers to evaluate, and the evaluation report was made by British engineers, so the British knew the reserves of this gold mine very well, so that their hearts were like cats, if this gold mine was not robbed by China, starting a war, Britain would also take it.
Moreover, before China, the British had begun to communicate frequently with Su Chong'a and made a lot of promises, including supporting Su Chong'a's rule in South Africa, but unfortunately, the British government was not the Chinese court, and the British king was not the emperor of China, so he could not bring Su Chong'a the legitimacy that everyone recognized.
In the case that the country's elite is all from China, Su Chong'a must pass the canonization of the Chinese emperor in order to convince the public, and even Su Chong'a himself thinks so.
Of course, he took out the gold mine, and the Chinese emperor could not rob it alive, Zhou Lang excluded the representative from negotiating with Su Chong'a in person, and finally reached an agreement in secret.
China canonized Su Chong'a as the emperor of South Africa, and half of the gold mine belonged to Su Chong'a, and the other half belonged to the Chinese government, but the mining rights were handed over to the China Goods and Colonies Bank, and all the gold mined was purchased by the Silver Money Bank.
The full name of the bank is the China Goods Colony Bank of China, which is a completely private institution, but not a private institution, similar to the past thirteen banks, is a public bank, there is a person in charge, but it does not belong to the person in charge, the bank is responsible for issuing money, responsible for maintaining the monetary system, responsible for the management and liquidation of the banking industry, responsible for helping the government underwrite bonds, this is China's central bank, but it is not a government agency, but a commercial bank, nominally belonging to all private commercial institutions, The power to issue money is granted by the government, and the mode of operation is supervised by shareholders who come from large commercial houses.
This operation is to make paper money credit as soon as possible, and the credit of the Chinese government has always been not very good, and the common people, mainly businessmen, trust their chambers of commerce, guild halls and other guild institutions more, so Zhou Lang took advantage of this to withdraw from the monetary system, plus he instinctively did not trust the urine nature of his government officials, thinking that the government naturally had the motive to over-issue currency.
To be honest, the bank is quite formal under the management of Wu Bingjian over the years, this is not a profit-making institution, although it also obtains benefits, but it is slowly accumulated as a bank reserve, so that its credit is more and more sufficient, and there has never been a phenomenon that cannot be exchanged, and the banknotes issued by the bank are extremely strong, equivalent to silver money.
However, China's monetary system has been unstable in recent years, because Chinese banknotes are based on the copper coin standard, which did work in the first few years, and the market is no longer constrained by the number of copper coins, and the growing market demand for currency has been greatly met through paper money.
However, the long-term depreciation has not been resolved, mainly because it is still unable to get rid of the impression of the silver standard, silver is not controlled, silver from the Americas and Japan continues to flow in, in order to balance the proportion of silver money, the public bank has to mint a large number of copper coins and issue paper money, which leads to the beginning of over-issuance of currency. This is just like China in later generations, when the US dollar continued to flow in, the central bank had to print a large amount of money, because China's currency is based on the US dollar, and if the US dollars in the hands of businessmen need to be collected, they cannot but give Chinese currency to businessmen.
This is a dead end, unless silver no longer flows, but before the industrial revolution, Chinese goods are extremely competitive, not to mention that after the beginning of the industrial revolution, a large number of cheap textile exports will inevitably be exchanged for a large amount of silver. If you don't import this silver, your goods won't sell, and your industry won't be able to develop. Importing silver will lead to over-issuance of currency and inflation. This problem cannot be solved by Chinese financial experts in the 21st century, and it is simply unrealistic to expect Wu Bingjian to solve it alone.
According to the advice of the Dutch advisers, the public bank issued short-term bonds several times to tighten the currency in the market, but it still did not help, and after the circulation of paper money decreased, the circulation of Western silver dollars increased, and it could only continue to remain loose.
The British advisers proposed a solution, to carry out the reform of the gold standard, and the biggest reason why Britain carried out the gold standard reform was that the domestic currency fluctuated too much, so the king ordered Newton to determine a monetary standard.
Newton chose the gold standard, and then the pound has been stable for many years, because the production of gold has been stable relative to silver.
Unless you move to the credit money system now, switching your currency to the gold standard is the safest option.
Turning to credit currency, I am afraid that this time has not yet come, and Zhou Lang does not want to lead the trend, because leading the trend means taking risks. In the case that he has laid out in advance and has already brought all the gold mining areas of the world's later civilizations under China's control, there is no need to take the risk of taking the lead in using the credit standard.
Moreover, if you pegge your own currency to gold, you will get the strongest credit, and over time, it will be easy to obtain the status of a world currency. Given the size of China's economy, once it has established close economic ties with most countries in the world, it is natural for China's gold standard currency to become the world's currency, and if it is a credit currency, it will be very difficult.
After thinking deeply, Zhou Lang felt that the gold standard was the direction of future development, so he agreed with Wu Bingjian to prepare for the reform of the gold standard.
Wu Bingjian's proposal for this plan also has a certain basis, because the American Company finally discovered the rich local gold sand with the opening up in San Francisco a few years ago, and a large number of gold diggers poured into St. Francis, where the name has been replaced by Jinshan, but the new Jinshan has not yet been discovered, so the name of San Francisco has not been further obtained.
San Francisco set off a gold rush, before the gold rush nearly 300,000 immigrants poured into North America every year, has amazed Europeans, after the outbreak of the gold rush, through the credit of the official newspaper to disclose the news, and encourage immigrants to go to the gold rush, only put forward a requirement, that is, family immigration, not only bachelors, even so restricted. The number of immigrants to the Americas also reaches half a million each year.
Before the gold rush, the population under the rule of Zhu and Chen Zhouquan was only about one million, and the gold rush was just over two years old, and the population had already doubled. However, the Chinese peasants, who were particularly enthusiastic about the land, did not have the phenomenon of soldiers leaving their barracks, servants leaving their masters, peasants pawning their fields, pioneers abandoning the land, workers throwing away their tools, civil servants leaving their desks, and even missionaries leaving the preaching house to pan for gold, as was the case in the American Gold Rush in history.
The gold rush was very hot, but most farmers saw it as a kind of extra money during the slack period, and although this area was much more profitable than farming, the gold diggers would still go home immediately in the summer and autumn to collect grain. It was a sin for them to abandon the land, a people who had faith in the land, but they owned very little land.
Through the American Company, all the gold sand in the hands of the gold diggers was collected and exchanged for banknotes, copper coins, or silver coins printed by the public bank, and Wu Bingjian slowly accumulated gold reserves for the reform of the gold standard. However, the scale of China's economy is too large, and the amount of paper money issued has reached as much as one billion taels, and the gold-silver ratio is currently 1 to 15, according to this calculation, 66.66 million taels of gold are needed to cope with the conversion of the gold standard. At present, the output of gold panning in California is only more than 2 million taels per year, and it will take ten years to accumulate.
The public bank has begun to take measures to expand the amount of mining, but it is difficult to greatly expand the production of river gold panning, they think of using machines to develop gold mines, and have sent people to look for ore veins, but they have not found them for a while.
Unexpectedly, South Africa was the first to discover gold mines, and the reserves are huge and the mining prospects are broad. According to the report of the British, there is no problem in mining 3 million taels of gold per year, which means that once the gold mine is developed, the gold standard can be implemented in a few years, and both Dutch and British financial advisers believe that controlling the output of gold mines does not even need to accumulate sufficient reserves, because if there is a continuous inflow of pure gold, credit can be guaranteed, which means that the gold standard reform can be carried out immediately.
This huge attraction made Zhou Lang immediately agree to canonize Su Chong'a, which was not for economic purposes, but for political purposes, because gold was never just an economic wealth, but a guarantee of monetary security.
After the official newspaper of the Great Zhou Dynasty disclosed that the Chinese Commodity Breeding Bank obtained the right to mine the largest gold mine in South Africa, the Bank quickly announced the reform of the gold standard and began to issue new banknotes, with "tael" as the unit, according to the ratio of gold to silver of 1:15, converted to the old version of copper money banknotes.
In the past, it was stipulated that 1 tael of silver was equal to 1,000 wen, but silver-denominated banknotes were never issued, but now 1 tael of gold banknotes is exchanged for 15 taels of silver, which is equivalent to 15,000 wen, and large copper money of 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 wen is issued.
Gold has sufficient reserves, and gold production is very stable, copper ore is a sufficient resource, China can assets, and when the two monetary materials are guaranteed, the monetary system linked to the currency and precious metals can be controlled, without being subject to the interference of external silver inflows.
Under the influence of the news of the bank, the price of silver began to plummet, but the price fluctuations of gold banknotes and coinage notes and commodities were relatively small, and they were still affected by the collapse of silver prices, which meant that silver finally lost its currency status and became an ordinary commodity although the market price fluctuated.
China's gold standard reform has been carried out in a secret state, and the sudden change suddenly caught the whole world by surprise, which is much greater than the impact of Newton's determination of the pound gold standard in history.
Because in 1696, when Newton established the gold standard, Britain was still only a country that was among the small countries in Europe, with a population of less than 6 million, which was only a quarter of that of France, and was far from being comparable with the big countries Russia and Austria at that time, and even the economic status of the Netherlands at that time was higher than that of Britain.
Moreover, at that time, it was only the gold content of the pound gold coin, and the Bank of England was just established at that time, and the power it obtained was only to issue bank notes within 50 miles of London, and the impact of the pound standard was actually very small.
However, China is now the world's largest economic power for workers, and is still the world's largest silver absorber, China suddenly announced that it would abandon the silver standard, not only the price of silver in the Chinese market fell sharply, but also those countries that relied on exporting silver to China in exchange for commodities, the price of silver fell even more sharply, and the international silver price plummeted from 1:16 to 1:20 in an instant.
Even in countries where silver is still legal tender in Europe, it immediately caused a financial crisis that caused a large number of banks to go bankrupt.
At the same time, because of the gold problem, Britain once again set off an action against China!