Please! "The most critical thing is. Brother Yunfan said that this company is everyone's skills, and they all have vital interests in it, so they will do it seriously. As for the part of the government's shares, the manager does not hold a position in the government. The local government also cannot dictate the company's operations. The company is completely run by itself, and shareholders can rest assured. ”

Su Shi said: "There is another benefit of the company that interests me very much, that is, the company that Brother Yunfan said is limited, limited

"Limited liability!"

"Yes, yes! Limited Liability! The most fearful thing about doing business is losing money. Once you lose your money, you will lose all your money, not only will the money and food invested be wasted, but also your wife, children, and the whole family will suffer. Now according to Brother Yunfan's idea. The company implements limited liability, and the company will accompany as much as it has, and until the end of the accompaniment, it cannot take the property of the shareholder's family to accompany it, let alone let the shareholder's relatives accompany it. It's very

Han Yi groaned: "Then if the company deliberately owes debts, far more than the company's property, and can't chase his family's money to accompany him, wouldn't it be unfair to the creditor?" ”

Du Wenhao said: "First of all, market operation is risky, and every business has the obligation to find out the real asset strength of the person you do business with, and whether the other party is an insolvent company, you should investigate clearly." Of course. If you want to start a company, you must have property, and you can't open a leather bag company without money. To establish a company system, a company registration review system is also needed, that is, the government will examine whether the company has so much money to start a company. After vetting, only companies that have money can be opened. In the process of operation, an annual review is also carried out every year. See if it's still in business and if it's insolvent. If it is not managed well and loses all the money, it can no longer be allowed to continue to operate. There needs to be a system to put an end to such insolvent companies so as not to harm the interests of creditors. This necessitates the introduction of an insolvency regime. ”

Du Wenhao used too many new terms in this passage, and the two of them couldn't understand it at all, so they looked at Du Wenhao dumbfoundedly, waiting for him to explain further.

Du Wenhao patiently explained to the two what is the company registration system and what is the company's annual review system. What is the corporate bankruptcy system.

The two were dumbfounded, and Han Xiu stammered and asked, "Brother Yunfan, it's so complicated, how did you come up with it?" ”

Du Wenhao smiled: "It's up to people, I don't know if these systems can be applied." Can the common people accept it?

Su Shi shook his head and said: "Since Brother Yunfan has said this, and he is asking for the opinions of the two of us, then Su will tell the truth, Su believes that these systems are too complicated." Not to mention the common people, it is not easy for the two of us to understand. I'm afraid that it will be difficult to promote. ”

Du Wenhao said: "Yes, I also thought of this, the steamed bun is eaten one bite at a time, Ruth has to go step by step, I am not in a hurry to promote it comprehensively, nor am I in a hurry to formulate so many systems, so I did not legislate in advance." Just directly call the grain merchants to solicit opinions, just to set up the company first and let the market test it. Let's see if the public-private partnership system can be sustained. If it works, then slowly formulate specifications and make adjustments, which is called crossing the river by feeling the stones! ”

Han Zhen and Su Shi glanced at each other. They all nodded. Su Shi said: "This idea is right, and we all think that the company's system still has its temptation, at least it can benefit the people."

Han Yi said: "Brother Yunfan's company system of separating officials and businessmen can prevent officials from using the power in their hands to pretend to change the law to pretend to fish the people!" Very good! However, it is necessary to enact these system regulations into laws and make them clear, so that the common people will know and believe them

Du Wenhao said: "Hehe, what the two of you said is very pertinent, and the suggestions they put forward are very good, which makes me increase my confidence in the new law." I plan to enact the Company Law and implement it in Jacana after I set up the company. In fact. The biggest advantage of the company system is that it can concentrate the financial resources of all parties, especially the participation of the government and the government, and the use of strong financial resources to make the company bigger and stronger, so as to be competitive and resist market risks. ”

Du Wenhao's words added some modern words, and Han Yi and Su Shi heard it very freshly, but they could roughly guess what it meant. After thinking about it, they all nodded in agreement.

Su Shi used to be the governor of the state, managed the official Chang Ping and Guanghui positions, and asked: "What Brother Yunfan said is appropriate." The housekeeper's capital contribution shall be limited to 40% and 9%, and shall not exceed half. According to this method, I am afraid that it can be done without using too much grain in the official warehouse, and the money that can be made for the court is not much, although it is convenient for the people. But after all, the imperial court is not very affordable, and I am afraid that there will be objections from the DPRK and China

Du Wenhao said with a smile: "You got to the point, of course there is a solution to this problem, you can't just open a lending company, you have to open a number of money-lending companies, so there are two advantages, one is the introduction of a competition mechanism, there are a number of lending companies competing with each other, it will reduce the interest to the lowest possible level, and the people will benefit." Of course, collusion between these companies must be prevented. Price gouging, for this kind of collusion to raise prices, the government should punish the company, of course, this punishment is limited to economic sanctions, and order corrections. If the change is not made within the time limit, the punishment will continue until the change is made, and the business qualification of the collusion company can also be revoked.

This kind of market administrative management method, Han Yi and Su Shi are also unheard of, and they are very surprised.

Du Wenhao continued: "The second benefit is that there are more such companies, which can increase the income of the imperial court, and any system should be a win-win result for the imperial court and the people. ”

Han Xiu and Su Shi nodded again and again. Han Yi stroked his white beard and looked at Du Wenhao and said, "To be honest, I heard the saint praise your new method a while ago is very innovative and attractive, and the old man still has some doubts in his heart. After listening to it today, I really felt that the words of the saint were not false at all. It's hard to say what the subsequent changes will be, but as far as this method is concerned, the old man thinks it's completely feasible

Du Wenhao arched his hand and smiled: "Thank you for the compliment." In fact, there are many things that companies can do, and it is not just about lending

"So what else can be done?" Su Shi asked.

"For example. You can move the affairs of the city to the company. ”

"You mean, let the company buy low and sell high to stabilize prices?"

"yes. To put it simply, as long as it is a businessman's legitimate business business, the company can do it. From the production and manufacturing of products, to the arrival of transportation, to sales, to a variety of service industries, can be done. Of course, it is not possible to leave it all to the lending company, and companies for various purposes can be established separately according to the needs of the market. That's another story

Su Shi said: "Yes, yes." Let's start the first company to see the effect, if it works, we will do it well, and we will do it well, and we will have a model. If you can make money again, which businessmen will be interested in and will enthusiastically join, and the people will get the benefits and will support it, and then formulate the necessary norms. Merchants and people will also be interested in learning about it. ”

All three looked at each other and smiled. Then discuss how to do this.

Now there is no grain and official silver in the official warehouse in Yazhou, but the Changping position on Chengdu Fulu is here, which is not a problem at all, Han Xiu immediately said that he will go out to Chengdu immediately the next day, and give priority to the allocation of Yazhou Changping grain and disaster relief grain and silver. It was a matter of his remit, and he just decided.

Then we discussed who would be the representative of the government. You have to think about it, this person must be business-minded. Someone who knows how to do business. And decent and fair. If you can gain the trust of the grain merchants, it is better to elect from among the towering officials.

All three of them are new to the city. I was not familiar with the local officials, and after discussion, it was decided to let the grain merchants who were willing to join the shares be promoted, and then work with the officials.

After discussing it, the three of them returned to the hall.

The grain merchants were still discussing, and Du Wenhao could see from their faces that they were obviously suspicious of this pie jumping from the sky, and they didn't know whether it was a blessing or a curse, and they couldn't be sure.

Du Wenhao smiled: "How about it, everyone, are there any willing to buy shares?" ”

None of the grain merchants spoke. Keep your head down and think about your thoughts. The scene suddenly fell silent.

Du Wenhao was a little embarrassed: "What, I don't want to do money lending business anymore?" ”

The old grain merchant clenched his fists and said, "Master, it's not that we don't want to do this lending business, but,." This,"

"If you have something to say, just say it. Don't spit out. ”

Freedom of speech in ancient times was far inferior to that of modern times, and the slightest mistake could lead to death, especially when talking to officials. So these people were very nervous, they were all watching, no one was willing to shoot the first shot, and the old man also looked left and right hesitantly, and did not speak.

Du Wenhao said: "Hehe." Old man, the speaker is not guilty, I said before, I called everyone to discuss things, there is no reluctance at all, anything can be said directly, if anyone is held accountable for speaking today in the future, I will kowtow to make amends, you can also scold me Du Wenhao's ancestors for eighteen generations! No problem! ”

Listened to this. The old man turned his heart and said, "Good! Since the old man has said everything to this, if the old man does not obey the order, it will be too much to say. Anyway, my net worth and life were all rescued by the eldest lord, if it weren't for the eldest lord who exterminated the army, my family would have died, not to mention food, the old man I am also seventy this year, and I am not afraid of anything

Du Wenhao smiled bitterly: "Don't worry, I'll use my credibility to pack a ticket for you and guarantee that you are not guilty." No accountability

"Thank you, sir!" The old grain merchant bowed down and said, "What we are worried about is the company that the old man said, we have never seen or participated in it, and we can naturally believe what the old man said." However, in the future, when the eldest master is gone and an official is changed, his idea is different, and we are afraid that once we put money and food into it, we will lose all our money at that time. ”

Since the old grain merchant took the lead. The grain merchants also echoed and expressed their concerns.

Du Wenhao was a little dumbfounded. I think about things too simply, when the company system in the modern sense first appeared in European countries in the Middle Ages, which countries already had a strong sense of democracy, a strong atmosphere of republican civil rights, and a stronger sense of law than China. Their national conditions are completely different from China's.

And the Chinese monarchy** regime has existed for 2,000 years, and it has always been ruled by man. There is almost no stage of the rule of law, from the monarch to the people, the awareness of the rule of law is very thin, and the company system needs perfect legal provisions as the backing, so that it is possible to play his role, such as the limited liability of shareholders, can only be guaranteed in the rule of law environment, but, in the environment of rule of man, the official master has the final say, and the official says that the shareholders should be held responsible, who dares not to listen?

Of course, Du Wenhao will not stop there, the rule of law also starts from the rule of man, and when the earliest countries appeared, it could not be a society under the rule of law, and they all came step by step from the rule of man. Perhaps he can start the construction of the legal system in ancient China from Yazhou, as long as it does not involve imperial power, does not engage in any constitution, and does not engage in civil rights movements. It is still possible to enforce the rule of law without endangering the interests of the imperial power. But this work has to be done step by step.

Du Wenhao said: "The emperor has authorized this official to implement law changes in Yazhou, and if the law is changed, legal norms will definitely be formulated." This kind of norm is promulgated and known to all Yazhou, and everyone can supervise it. Of course, I understand your concerns. It's also very realistic. So be it. I would like to make a guarantee here that before I am transferred to Yazhou in the future, the shareholders who have invested in the shares can withdraw their shares at any time to ensure the interests of everyone. This provision will also be included in the company law that we will be enacting soon. ”

The old grain merchant asked again: "On behalf of the government, I don't know which one is joining the company's management?" ”

Du Wenhao said: "I discussed with the two adults, and the shareholders can recommend the candidates, and the yamen will decide." ”

The old grain merchant shook his head and said, "To say something that offends the eldest master, this person is not sure." I'm afraid that no one will dare to buy shares. ”

The rest of the grain merchants also nodded, they knew too well the style of the official master, as long as they were officials, even if they were sesame officials, they were also officials, and they were also parents, so it was impossible to be equal.

Du Wenhao was a little stunned. This is also something he didn't expect, and asked, "Then what do you say?" ”

The old grain merchant looked left and right, bowed down and said, "Master, you came up with this idea, and you are also familiar with this system. This first company, if you don't join, I'm afraid that no one will understand, and no one will have to play and convert to other masters. I don't dare to say anything else, at least I don't dare to buy shares. ”

"Me?" Du Wenhao was very surprised, glanced at Su Shi, then looked at Han Xiu, and said to the old grain merchant: "But according to the regulations." Officials who join the company on behalf of the imperial court and manage the property in which the imperial court has a stake are not allowed to serve in the government. I am in charge of Yazhou, and I have no way to resign from this position. ”

Han Yi is scheming. At the beginning, he was also a loyal follower of Wang Anshi's concubine law, and he was Wang Anshi's right-hand man. Therefore, Han Yi said in a low voice: "Imperial Doctor Du, the official also feels that this old man is reasonable, the people of the company do not understand the system, if you don't participate, everyone doesn't know what to do, especially, you led the army to Xishan to invade the army and rescued the majority of Yazhou people, the people are very impressed with you, and your prestige among the people is very high, and everyone also recognizes your account." If you step forward, things will be much easier and it will be easier to build trust between the two parties. ”

Su Shi also said: "What General Han said is very true, otherwise, choose two representatives to join the company, one is Lord Du, and then choose an honest person who understands business, follow Lord Du to learn, and when the company is on the right track in the future, everyone thinks that he can do it, Lord Du will withdraw again and concentrate on politics, of course, the two of them can only count one vote in the vote, what do you think?."

All the grain merchants applauded and said that this method was good.

The old grain merchant asked again: "Who has the final say in the company's affairs?" Is it to elect the deceased? ”

Du Wenhao said: "To elect the head, the head of the company is called the chairman, but all the major matters of the company, the chairman has no right to decide alone, these major matters can only be decided by the shareholders' meeting, that is, all shareholders collectively discuss and decide." What is a material matter should be stipulated by the articles of association. For example, dividends are determined, and newcomers become shareholders. Shareholder withdrawals, business expansion, and more. The shareholders' meeting discusses and decides on major matters. It must be passed by a double majority, what is a double majority? That is, the head majority and the majority of shares, that is, the shareholders who agree to a certain plan must be more than half, and the shares held by these shareholders must also be more than half.

All the grain merchants talked about it, and they all thought it was a good idea, because the government held nearly half of the shares, and as long as a certain shareholder was co-opted, more than half could be passed, so that the whole company could be manipulated. and a double majority. Even if the government co-opted one or two shareholders to side with him, as long as more than half of the shareholders disagreed, the decision would not be passed. In this way, the rights of other shareholders, especially minority shareholders, can be truly realized.

The old grain merchant hesitated, and said: "When the shares are withdrawn, how to calculate the debts owed by the company?" ”

"Shareholders are liable for the debts of the company before the withdrawal, and they are liquidated when the shares are withdrawn, and after the withdrawal is completed. You can withdraw your shares. The company is no longer liable for the debts incurred after the withdrawal of shares

"This is what you said, the eldest master, you are here, we naturally believe it, but in the future, the adult will be transferred and promoted. Not in Yazhou or even in Chengdu Fulu, the new officials abolished this law and asked us to assume the previous responsibilities in the company. So what to do? ”

Du Wenhao was dumbfounded again, this possibility is not only there, but also very large, to solve this problem, the decree issued cannot just be made by himself, the effect is too low, even if it is not directly promulgated by the imperial court, it should at least be a legal document approved by the imperial court, so that it can have universal effect and make the people feel at ease.

However, this is an easy task. If you want the imperial court to make a decision, you have to go through layers of approval, and finally the emperor has to decide, and the most likely outcome is not to reply, because the imperial court issued a decree. That represents the attitude of the imperial court, even if it is not implemented throughout the country, it will cause a sensation and make all parts of the country uneasy, which is not what Song Shenzong wants. He wanted to see the results of Du Wenhao's changes. I didn't want this too bizarre change to cause a shock in the whole country, so I sent Du Wenhao to the small state of the border to implement the change.

Du Wenhao wanted to understand this, and was about to explain, but Su Shi spoke first: "Everyone, doing business is risky, and you don't need this official to tell you, right?" Now Master Du has given everyone a chance to re-lend grain. There is an opportunity to make money, of course, there is the possibility of losing money, any business interests and risks are coexisting, if you only want to make money and don't want to lose money, then don't do business. ”

The old grain merchant nodded: "What Lord Zhizhou said is very true, good!" Old man joins! Anyway, the old man's net worth and life were saved by Master Du with soldiers. It's okay to pay back the favor in time! ”

It's a laughable thing to say. But Du Wenhao could understand that this was also a support for his change, and immediately bowed his hand and said: "Thank you, old man." How much do you invest? ”

The old grain merchant cautiously asked, "How much does the official family buy?" ”

"The whole company intends to issue 1,000 shares. One stone of grain is one share, that is, after the company is set up, there are 120,000 catties of grain that can be loaned. It should be enough for the time being, and if it is not enough, the company can increase its shares. It is also possible to set up a separate company. In addition, for urban residents, they can lend money, so it is also necessary to use silver money to buy a part of the shares, and the amount of silver money contributed is determined according to the proportion of the shares of grain, and the total amount is limited to 100,000 yuan. In the future, if you need to play, you can also increase your shares. Since the law has been changed to stipulate that the company's shareholding cannot exceed one bull, the housekeeper has invested in 490 shares. Old man, what about you? ”

"Oh," then, "then I'll enter," the old grain merchant hesitated for a moment and said cautiously, "I'll put in ten shares!" ”

Du Wenhao was so angry that he almost fainted on the spot. In the Song Dynasty, one stone was equal to about one hundred and twenty catties. Ten stones is 1,200 catties. In ancient times, a family was generally five people, and from now to the autumn harvest, there are three. For many months, a family of five has to eat 50 catties of grain every month, which is 150 catties for three months. That is to say, each household generally borrows 150 catties, and the shares of the old grain merchants are not enough for 10 households to borrow, and it is not an exaggeration to say that it is a drop in the bucket.

However, Du Wenhao's face did not show it at all, and it was not easy to take this step. It must be encouraged, and it must not be discouraged. He nodded and said, "Very good!" Just ten shares! Is there anyone else willing to take a stake? ”

Seeing this, the rest of the grain merchants looked at each other. After a while, two more grain merchants stood up and accepted ten shares each.

Just when Du Wenhao was feeling desperate, a big-bellied, fat-headed, big-eared grain merchant stood up and said in a loud voice: "What about you being a chicken peck?" Taking ten stone grain into a stake is also called business? I'm afraid that opening a porridge factory to help the people will not be limited to this bit of food, right? Depend on! All the grain in my granary is shared! I just calculated that there should be at least two hundred and seventy or eighty shares, so I will consider it as a whole number. Twenty hundred and seventy shares! ”

Du Wenhao was overjoyed and arched his hand: "Okay! What is this big brother's surname? ”

The fat grain merchant hurriedly arched to the ground: "Big lord, don't dare to be this, it's not expensive, the small surname is Mi, and the family ranks ten,"

Ancient ranking, in order to show the prosperity of the family. Shi Shi added ten in front, so the twelfth is actually the second in the family, not really the twelfth son (except for people with wives and concubines like the emperor and the prince, the average family can't have more than ten children.)