Chapter 382: The Industrial Revolution and the Five-Year Plan
At the end of December of the third year of the Apocalypse, although the heart of the Tang Empire was interrupted by the sudden new situation in the northwest, except for the elite personnel at the top of the empire who were dispatched to promote the formulation of a new northwest strategy plan in the General Staff Building, the other provinces did not change much, and all provinces and departments submitted their work reports for the year at the end of the year, and formulated local economic development plans one after another. According to the political system of the Tang Empire, in addition to the annual cabinet work plan, each province will also formulate its own plan, but it needs to be reported to the cabinet for approval, and the provincial departments need to coordinate in the province and then report to the cabinet ministries. At the beginning of its implementation, this new system was criticized by various ministries and senior officials, who believed that this method could easily lead to back-and-forth between the cabinet and local governments on certain issues, and that the annual plans of various localities might also go beyond the general policy of the cabinet. However, after the Ministry of Finance and the Department of Taxation carried out the reform of national taxation and local taxation, the division of labor between local and central fiscal revenues began to be clear, and the full amount of national taxation was handed over to the Ministry of Finance and handled by the cabinet in a centralized manner, while the local taxation was divided into two parts, one part was handed over to the central government, and the remaining part was distributed by the provinces themselves, and the cabinet and the Ministry of Finance only played a supervisory role. In this way, after the government has free funds, they have begun to ponder the development plans of their own provinces and form their own distinctive development directions. Although the development plans of the provinces and autonomous regions were almost full of loopholes at the beginning, and they either copied other provinces or returned to the previous small-scale peasant economy, focusing on the development of agriculture and mulberry, and some provinces even imposed heavy taxes on industry and commerce without authorization, the Cabinet and the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Industry and Commerce revised their reported development plans and sent working groups to various places to provide on-the-ground guidance. In addition, those who discriminated against industry and commerce were severely criticized, and some of them were directly replaced. This clear stance made those feudal officials who took over as political envoys wake up and begin to seriously ponder the various economic policies and laws issued by the cabinet, so that they can slowly become regular. In addition, the Department of Taxation and the Law Court have joined forces to carry out regular inspections throughout the country, and at the same time entrusted media groups to go deep into various places to keep an eye on them, and directly bring to justice those who violate the imperial tax policy and increase taxes without authorization. Moreover, Du Rangneng also intends to launch a campaign for the whole people to participate in governing according to law, encourage the people in all parts of the country to report injustices, illegal acts and all kinds of corruption in various places, and jointly issue a general announcement with the Cabinet and the Ministry of Security, which will immediately accept the people and things reported by the people, regardless of whether they exist or not, and clearly give the time for processing, and strictly follow the requirements to publicize them, and instruct the local law courts to publish a special issue of the media group at the same time to inform the people.
Although this method had little effect at the beginning, as time passed, people in various places gradually recovered from the war, and after solving the problem of food and clothing, the common people began to pay attention to these things. Once the largest number of ordinary people participated, the role of supervision over officials and governments at all levels became more and more important, and many officials even complained that they objected to the practice of the law courts, feeling that it was too harsh for officials. However, this protest was sternly refuted by Du Rangneng, and he directly wrote an open letter in the name of the chief president of the Law Court and published it in the special issue of the Empire, stating that the Law Court is the last support to ensure the interests of the people, and must do a good job in supervising the role of supervision to provide more guarantees for the Imperial Government to govern according to law. After this matter was known to Li Xuanqing, the supreme ruler of the Tang Dynasty who brought many ideas from later generations also wrote a special article, explaining the importance of the Law Court, and appreciating the many policies of the Law Court, and directly indicating that officials at all levels of the empire need to seek their own government in their positions, and it is the duty of every official to strictly abide by the laws of the empire, and the existence of the Law Court is to let all rulers always understand that the people are the foundation of the empire when dealing with people and handling government affairs. Everything in the empire revolves around the common people.
To be honest, this kind of concept that has been ahead of the times for nearly a thousand years is basically impossible to implement in other eras, but the war that lasted for a hundred years at the end of the Tang Dynasty overthrew all the previous rules, and those families also suffered heavy losses in the civil strife that lasted for a hundred years, and they did not have the ability to control the economic lifeline of the empire in the Sui and Tang dynasties. In addition, Li Xuanqing never expected these wealthy families to open and maintain the rule of the empire. From the very beginning, Li Xuanqing formulated a clear line, the economy and politics of the Tang Empire all revolved around the ideas brought by Li Xuanqing from later generations, and formulated new rules for politics, while using the cabinet headed by Cen Tianshi to govern, he focused on popularizing education and selecting and cultivating talents from the largest number of ordinary people, breaking the monopoly of the family. This is also the reason why the Tiance Mansion led by Li Xuanqing at the beginning basically did not have many people available, and even the officials who were once connected to the occupied areas could not be fully appointed. However, after Cen Tianshi's method of cultivating and educating while selecting talents from other strata to integrate into this system, the first batch of students of the School of Administration had already taken up positions in various states and counties, and after the subsequent popularization of education, the talents selected by the School of Administration every year came from all walks of life, and after continuously diluting and disintegrating the power of the family, it completely erased the influence of these wealthy families after promoting the new economic structure. Today, even if it is the emerging six wealthy merchants, in fact, in addition to the Murong family, there are not many members of the other major families who are directly out of office, although they can also influence a group of officials and even affect the implementation of the empire's policies to some extent, but Li Xuanqing has taken the lead in formulating the basic rules, plus the supervision of the law court, it has formed a good start, and as long as the political system and economic structure remain unchanged, then all this is like a surging trend that is unstoppable.
And now, Li Xuanqing has been formulating a five-year development plan with Qiaoxi, through this five-year development plan under the guidance of the central cabinet and the participation of all strata, what Li Xuanqing has to do is to really start the industrial revolution, and basically form a technological innovation in the coal, iron and machinery based industries within the Tang Empire in five years, completely stabilize the economic structure of the empire, and pull the empire into the fast lane of economic development. Especially after the unification of the northwest entered a critical moment, the huge market needed for the industrial revolution has opened the way, not only sea trade, but also after the opening of the railway, the road trade can also digest the massive industrial goods produced after the industrial revolution, and help the empire and the internal industrial and commercial class to complete the primitive accumulation of capital and the development of the early market.
"Big brother, are you ready to start the industrial revolution?" Qiaoxi sat next to Li Xuanqing, looked at Li Xuanqing's enumeration of plans and five-year development goals, and said with a smile: "I remember that the first industrial revolution seems to be the result of the spontaneous formation after the accumulation of technology and other factors. ”
Li Xuanqing was stunned by Qiaoxi's words, but then shook his head and said: "Our current accumulation factors have almost all been reached, you see that the technical factors no longer exist, and the market and purchasing power are not a problem. And if it really doesn't work, let the army fight, it's just a colony. With these factors, primitive accumulation of capital and the market are no longer a problem. The new industrial and commercial class in China has been successfully reversed by us to a normal track, and with the overthrow of the policy of valuing agriculture and suppressing business, this concept of the people is also gradually changing, the status of businessmen is gradually improving, and the industrial and commercial class represented by the six wealthy businessmen has begun to have a higher and higher status in political life, and we already have the basis for taking the initiative to promote the industrial revolution. ”
"So Big Brother is ready to use the opportunity of the five-year development plan to promote the industrial revolution?" Qiaoxi frowned and thought for a while before nodding and said: "It is also said that the government can quickly promote the transformation of the economic structure, and those industrial and commercial classes will definitely respond positively to the imperial policy after tasting the sweetness, as long as we can guide it well, when the time comes, we will definitely promote the rapid economic development and promote the synchronous innovation of technology, so as to provide a steady stream of power for the industrial revolution." I think in five years, even if we don't take the initiative, those businessmen will continue to follow our path, and they will pay more and more attention to technology. In this way, demand is the guide, which in turn will promote the accelerated development of various basic sciences. Speaking of which, at that time, there are fewer and fewer opportunities for us to directly intervene in technological development. After finishing speaking, he clapped his hands and smiled: "In this way, we can also save our worries and divert our energy to other places." ”
Li Xuanqing patted his clever head and said with a smile: "So the past five years are very important, the development of the empire needs a huge amount of funds, but I am afraid that the cabinet needs to prepare a huge amount of funds in the past five years, and it is far from enough to rely on the gold and silver seized from the west, and we need to think of a new way." Li Xuanqing also knows how much money he needs for this five-year plan, even if there are six wealthy businessmen to follow up in advance, and then all major classes of the whole people to participate, there are still a lot of projects that need state investment, and according to the current gold and silver reserves of the bank, there is no way to issue so much cash into the market. This is the disadvantage of actively promoting the industrial revolution, many things do not happen naturally, if you are driven by people, you need to pay the price, and if the capital and the market are not ready, there is only another way.
"What the big brother said is, especially since we are still fighting, we need huge war consumption every year, and the military expenses required for the Western Expedition can only offset the capture, and we also need financial subsidies to be able to maintain. In this case, it is necessary to draw the proceeds of overseas trade and the increase in the natural domestic gold and silver and economic development, otherwise it will be either inflation caused by the over-issuance of paper money or deflation caused by the increase in economic volume greater than the supply of the money market. Qiaoxi leaned on Li Xuanqing's arms and said with a hint of sadness: "Big brother, is there any good way?" ”
"With the current financial system and development scale, all we can do is to over-issue a small amount of Tang currency, and the focus is still on investing new funds according to the amount of annual economic growth, otherwise we are afraid that deflation will occur immediately. You must know that the economy itself is developing rapidly at present, and after the launch of the five-year plan, it will stimulate investment and drive the economy to grow even more. So there are only two best ways to do it at the moment. Li Xuanqing glanced at Qiaoxi and said with a smile: "So I plan to propose two ways in next year's annual meeting, one is to grab." I will inform the army and the Xuanying guards stationed in the southwest region to start plundering the tribes of the southeast peninsula, whether it is to force them to pay tribute, or to steal and rob, and they must bring back enough gold and silver every year. Li Xuanqing's words made Qiaoxi laugh stupidly, although this method is overbearing and even bullying, taking advantage of the fire to rob, but it cannot be said to be very similar to the primitive accumulation of capital carried out by Western capitalism in later history, but Li Xuanqing's method may not be so bloody.
"What about the other one?" This method was understood as soon as he heard it, and he knew that if the empire wanted to develop, it must use this method, otherwise it would not be able to meet the needs of the market by relying on the gold and silver that naturally appeared or produced within the empire, which could not even be done in later generations. This is also one of the reasons why the currency and gold and silver were separated later, and the gold standard completely collapsed. But now the good thing is that in this world, except for the Tang Dynasty, there is no so-called capitalism in other places at all, and the industrial revolution will inevitably start from the Tang Dynasty, and even for a long time in the future, other places will not be able to keep up with the pace of development of the empire. Using this method to shear sheep all over the world is enough to ensure the development and growth of the Datang family, and even in the future, other regions will have technological innovation due to Datang's early entry into the industrial society, and they can only find another way, and Datang must have developed to another stage at that time. It's just that in this way, I am afraid that the future army of the Tang Dynasty will continue to fight endlessly and embark on the road of global colonization.
"What about the other one?" Qiaoxi tilted his head and asked, as a guest from later generations, Li Xuanqing's thoughts couldn't be hidden from Qiaoxi, but this time Qiaoxi really didn't expect what Li Xuanqing's method was. At least for the time being, the gold standard cannot be abolished in any way, at least when the financial knowledge of the rest of the empire does not keep up with Li Xuanqing and his wife, the establishment of the gold standard can maintain the financial order of the empire and form a reasonable, effective and stable financial system.
Li Xuanqing knew that Qiaoxi didn't react because of the difference, so he immediately scratched Qiaoxi's pretty nose and said with a smile: "It's very simple to say, that is, from next year, I will force merchants at all levels of the Tang Empire to use Tang currency when trading with outsiders, and the currencies of various countries are all blocked out in the process of trading." And I will introduce compulsory measures to protect this, so that the first advantage is that the empire's goods can be brought back with a huge amount of gold and silver after they are issued to other places, and the other is to establish a circle of Tang currency use in various parts of the country. Although Li Xuanqing said very vaguely, and even some places were not explained, Qiaoxi still knew at once what he was going to do, which was to establish the international status of Tang Coin in the future. If the Tang currency is popularized to the world, then it means that all the currencies around the world will be withdrawn from the market, and the people in those areas must use gold and silver to exchange the Tang currency if they want to use the Tang currency, so that it is equivalent to invisibly putting the Tang currency into the market every year in this way, theoretically speaking, as long as the volume is infinite, there will be no phenomenon that the supply of currency exceeds demand. Li Xuanqing's sacrifice of this killing move is of far-reaching significance, presumably in order to solve the exchange ratio of Tang currency and gold and silver in the next step, which is equivalent to using currency to control the wealth of the world.
"Big brother, I'll take a look too, and by the way, I'll help you formulate measures." Qiaoxi's face became extremely delicate, and her pink face showed her inner excitement.