After Siberia was controlled by the Chinese army and the Jin merchants, the more capitalized Chinese merchant groups gained the right to trade using the Siberian waterways, and now the Chinese caravans could trade directly into Moscow.

There are natural rivers to use from Siberia all the way to Moscow, and the transportation costs are quite low, although relatively slow, but not much different from China's Grand Canal, which was economically scale during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and is now rapidly being replicated between China and Russia.

Sino-Russian trade quickly expanded from 5 million taels before the Napoleonic Wars to 10 million taels in two years, and doubled to 20 million taels in another year and a half. At this time, the Russians found that although the ban on silver exports was lifted, there was no outflow of precious metals from Russia, because Russia's expanded trade volume was mainly entrepot trade, and as a result, silver flowed into China, and through trade, Russia earned more silver.

Large quantities of tea, rhubarb, and high-end textiles were re-exported to the Baltic Sea and Central and Eastern Europe through Russian land transport, and even sold south to the Ottoman Empire on the Black Sea coast, and even in the Mediterranean.

Due to the safety and stability of land transportation, although the cost of transporting goods in Russia is higher than that of sea transportation, the quality is more guaranteed, and many goods that are not resistant to moisture, obviously Russian re-export goods are better than British re-export goods, such as caravan tea and rhubarb from Russia, which are synonymous with high-quality products.

The Russians also gained more and more benefits from the continuous expansion of trade, and needed to maintain friendly relations with China, of course, the most important thing was to fight with China, knowing that this was a stronger opponent than Napoleon, and if it clashed head-on with China, it could consume the poor and weak Russia.

So Russia began to go all the way to the west, but after ignoring the direction of Central Asia, it gave another adversary the opportunity to quietly rise.

After China seized the Kazakh steppe, the Ferghana Basin, where Jiaqing was entrenched, was cut off from the Russian mainland, and the lack of assistance from Russia certainly made the Jiaqing regime inconvenienced, but at the same time their actions were no longer subject to Russian restrictions.

Due to the defeat of China again, they had to retreat from Ili, which led to a sharp decline in the prestige of Jiaqing, and there were fierce contradictions and conflicts between the various forces of the Eight Banners, and the Eight Banners of the Hui Department and the Eight Banners of Kokand were both Muslim cultures, and the internal rebel forces united with religion as a bond to launch an internal challenge to the Jiaqing regime and began to suppress the Eight Banners of Mongolia and the Eight Banners of the Han Dynasty.

Jiaqing is very good at forbearance, and acquiesces in the state of separation of the Eight Banners of the Hui Department and the Eight Banners of Haohan, allowing these two departments to occupy the best pastures in the Fergana Basin. However, Jiaqing always used the power of the hand Chinese official to control the Han Eight Banners of agricultural operations, and subsidized the Mongolian Eight Banners through the agricultural income of the Han Eight Banners, taking the Mongolian and Han Eight Banners into his own hands.

After three years of forbearance, I finally waited for the opportunity.

After the Hui and Kokand Eight Banners moved to the Ferghana Basin, they began to restore the nomadic culture of the past, and began to clash with the surrounding nomadic tribes, mainly in the Syr Darya River Valley, with the Bukhara Khanate, and finally they decided to attack the declining Bukhara Khanate.

Jiaqing supported the actions of the Hui and the Haohan Eight Banners, and provided a lot of grain and grass support, but when they fought a decisive battle with the main force of the Bukhara Khanate, Jiaqing suddenly launched an offensive against the Hui and the Haohan Eight Banners pastures in the rear with the strength of the Meng-Han Eight Banners, and purged the religious leaders who remained in the rear.

After this coup d'état, Jiaqing regained control of the Hui and Kokand Eight Banners, while at the same time carrying out tighter control and reorganization of the two banners in his way. The pastoral area is still redivided, and nomadism is strictly prohibited. and the complete abolition of its own internal religious organization, replaced by a purely bureaucratic structure.

In order to satisfy the religious culture of the people at the bottom of the Hui Ministry, Jiaqing did not forcibly change their religion, but exercised absolute control over religion, and religion became a tool for him to control the Hui Ministry. The old religious organizations were completely eliminated, and then officials were sent to their ministries, and all religious activities were carried out under the management of these officials from the imperial examinations, rather than being dominated by the various religious leaders of the past, the officials were the religious organizers, and the government was the only center of religious power.

So, ****!

Moreover, the control of the Hui Department is extremely strict, the implementation of the Chinese rural armor protection system, the use of the traditional "Ten Brands Law", which is the Ming Dynasty Wang Yangming formulated the policy, is the summary and improvement of the armor protection system. Every ten households are issued a ten-family card, and the card indicates the Dingkou, place of origin, and occupation of each family, and takes turns to inspect. One family hides thieves, and the other nine sit together. If there is a change in the population, it must be reported to the government, otherwise it will be recognized as a black household.

This move dealt a great blow to the resistance of the Hui forces to the government with religion as a link, and for the first time used political means to subjugate this religion, and only the Chinese culture, which has the strongest political power, has the experience and motivation to absolutely control other forces.

Through the Ten Cards Law, almost the traditional administrative management of the local Hui Department was completed, and after stabilizing the Hui Department and the Haohan Eight Banners, Jiaqing began to expand externally.

As early as the war between China and the Russians, he had already taken advantage of the power vacuum in southern Kazakhstan to establish contacts with large, medium and small Yuzi, and through the situation of the alliance, he obtained the support of the other party. He pushed his forces into the southern region of Kazakhstan, but after the end of the war between China and Russia, he took the initiative to negotiate with China, and the Chinese government had little interest in the desert of southern Kazakhstan, and was bounded by the Chu River with the Manchus, and the Moinkum Desert south of the Chu River was assigned to the Manchu territory.

After drawing a clear border with China, Jiaqing had no worries and immediately launched a war against the Bukhara Khanate. The previous state of war between the two sides had a new change, before it was a war with the Bukhara Khanate in the name of Jiaqing, which was divided by the forces of the Hui and Kokand Eight Banners, but due to Jiaqing's internal purge of the Hui and Kokand, many front-line Hui and Kokand armies directly surrendered to the Bukhara Khanate, and Jiaqing asked the Bukhara Khanate to return the fugitives, but the other side refused, which led to this war.

Jiaqing does not have the ambition of expansion, he has only a population of only two million, half of agriculture and animal husbandry, and the Ferghana Basin is being developed, which is enough for him to toss. He was mainly worried that the Hui and the old Kokand tribe would collude with the Hui and Kokand people under his rule inside and outside to cause a rebellion. Therefore, in order to eliminate the evil, we must put the Hui tribe and the Kokand rebels to death, especially the religious leaders among them, we must get rid of them.

Jiaqing had a well-trained musketeer under his command, trained by the Han Eight Banners, and the strength of the cavalry of the Eight Banners had been restored, and it was also formed according to the Russian, rather than the traditional way, and the cavalry of the Eight Banners was now equipped with expensive cuirasses, fought in a wall-mounted charge rather than a roundabout way, and was armed with muskets and sabers instead of bows and arrows.

The army of the Bukhara Khanate was mainly in the traditional situation, although it was also equipped with a large number of rifles and artillery, but the organizational form was the era of cold weapons. He successively captured Tashkent, Shymkent, and fought all the way to the city of Turkestan, and cleared all the forces of Bukhara in the Syr Darya River. Swinging his army south, he fought two decisive battles in Samarkand and Bukhara, and after the capture of Bukhara, the Bukhara Khanate was destroyed.

The Bukhara Khanate has always stood firm in Central Asia, with a considerable agricultural and pastoral base, and a population of more than one million. And the scope of rule is very wide, even part of Afghanistan is under the rule of the Bukhara Khanate, but the real core ruling area is only centered on Bukhara, Samarkand, the area between the Zeravshan River and the Amu Darya, the surrounding area is very weak, there are a large number of nomadic tribes.

Rather than rushing to attack, Jiaqing quickly annexed and absorbed the agricultural regions of the Bukhara Khanate, incorporating all of the agricultural population into the Han Eight Banners, even though these peasants looked completely different from the Han Chinese. The shepherds were organized into the eight banners of Bukhara, the pastures were demarcated, nomadism was strictly prohibited, and the control was controlled by the ten-card system, which was stricter than the control of the hundred households and the thousand households system during the Mongol Empire, and reached the bottom.

After stabilizing the core area of the Bukhara Khanate, Jiaqing continued to pursue the remnants of the enemy and entered the territory of Afghanistan.

At this time, the situation in Afghanistan is very complicated.

It was in the late years of the reign of the Durrani dynasty, and there was constant infighting.

Nomads always prosper because of a hero, and because of the death of a hero, they decline. Before 1747, Afghanistan was under Persian rule, and in 1747, the Persian ruler Nader Shah was assassinated by his Janissaries who broke into his tent where he was resting. This Nader Shah was also a heroic figure, before him, Persia was ruled by the Afghans, and after his accession to the throne, he expelled the Afghans and drove the invading Ottomans out of Persia, but after his death, the Persian Empire quickly divided.

Afghanistan was separated from Persia, and the tribal leaders went to Kandahar to hold a temporary jirga and elected the young twenty-five-year-old Ahmad Shah Durrani as khan, and the Durrani dynasty was established.

After Ahmad Shah ascended to the throne, he set about unifying the country. Defeated various factions from Persia, Turkmenistan, and India. Peshawar in the Indus Valley was also occupied. Ahmad Shah then conquered Balkh, Maimana, and other regions, largely unifying what would become Afghanistan.

Ahmad continued to attack India, expelling the Mughals from Afghanistan, and then plundered India many times, conquered Punjab and even Delhi, plundered the wealth of 120 million rupees, and defeated the mighty Maratha Empire.