Chapter 14: The Bulgarian Coup d'état

The trip to London went more smoothly than Ferdinand expected, not only developing a gold mine, but also deepening the relationship with the British royal family, which will help a lot in the future.

Edward, who was in financial crisis, was much more interested in gold mines than Ferdinand, and the two formed a mining company as quickly as possible.

Excited, Edward also planned to go to Australia in person, but Ferdinand hurriedly stopped him. In the 19th century, Australia was not a good place to go, it was a remote place, and Ferdinand was very fond of his life.

It wasn't until June of the following year, when Australia's first gold arrived in London, that Ferdinand let go of his suspense.

The first batch of gold was small, only 800 kilograms, and the value was only about 100,000 pounds, but Ferdinand and Edward were excited.

A pile of gold is much more powerful than a check. Even Victoria attended the celebration of the two men, and in the 19th century, when gold was on the gold standard, gold was much more important than later generations.

The mining company was on the right track, and Ferdinand set off for Vienna, which, unsurprisingly, could generate him hundreds of thousands of pounds a year.

Unlike when he first arrived, after returning to France, Ferdinand changed his journey to the land, visiting the mountains and rivers along the way, and visiting places of interest.

In France: the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre, Notre-Dame Cathedral, the Panthéon, all left his footprints.

In Germany: Berlin's Brandenburg Gate, White Swan Castle, Lake Constance, Cologne Cathedral, and the source of the Danube River, Ferdinand has been presented.

It was not until the end of 1885 that Ferdinand returned to Vienna. Along the way, Ferdinand benefited a lot, seeing Britain, France, and Germany, the three most powerful countries of our time, and had a clear understanding of everything from human geography to industrial development.

Although the three countries are now booming, Ferdinand clearly feels that France is falling behind, a large amount of capital is converging in the financial market, and investment in industry has been greatly reduced.

In Germany, on the contrary, perhaps influenced by the German regional tradition, the capitalists have little interest in virtual finance, and are concentrated on industry, and the industrial investment is much greater.

After visiting the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Ferdinand found that this decaying empire was still running very healthy, and there was no sign of collapse at all.

Although the economy is developing rapidly, although it is not as good as Britain, France, and Germany, its development potential is not much worse. The internal contradictions have now been suppressed at the lowest point, and Hungary, which loves to make a lot of noise, is now only fighting for power, and has no tendency to become independent.

Looking at the current British Empire, no one could have imagined that it would decline into a second-rate country in just a few decades.

Of course, it was none of Ferdinand's business, and now he was concerned about the coup d'état in Bulgaria. The Russian government is already increasingly dissatisfied: Alexander Battenberg's anti-Russian tendencies, the coup d'état is pregnant.

Battenberg has always been an extremely reactionary and Russophobia, and in the early days, in order not to arouse Russian dissatisfaction, he cleverly concealed his hatred of Russia.

However, the reactionary ideology never concealed it, and from the very beginning he openly sided with the Conservative Party, and he organized a Conservative government knowing that the Liberals were dominant in Parliament.

When the Conservative Party came to power, it openly trampled on the constitution, and the Liberals organized demonstrations through public opinion, and the struggle between the two parties was very fierce.

Then for the next few years, it was the battle between the Grand Duke's Conservatives and the Liberal Party, and with the participation of the Russians, the country was in shambles.

In 1886, the political crisis intensified, and the Russians intended to depose Batenberg and replace him with a pro-Russian. However, Western powers such as Britain and Austria-Hungary chose to support Battenberg in order to weaken Russia's influence in the Balkans.

The fledgling bourgeoisie in Bulgaria was also divided into pro-Russian and anti-Russian factions, and the two sides were at loggerheads.

The Russophiles appealed to Russia for help, and on August 21, 1886, a group of Bulgarian officers who relied on Russian support deposed Archduke Alexander.

This move caused dissatisfaction in Bulgaria, and some military and political figures staged a counter-coup d'état, urging Archduke Alexander to be reinstated.

The tsarist government objected and threatened to occupy Bulgaria. On 7 September, Grand Duke Alexander was forced to abdicate his throne.

A sharp political crisis erupted, and the great powers fought again for the Bulgarian Grand Duke candidate.

Russia's position was that as long as power was in the hands of the pro-Russian faction, a National Assembly would be convened to elect the Grand Duke of Bulgaria. However, because the methods of the Russians were too rough, they aroused the discontent of the Bulgarians.

Despite the opposition of the Russians, Stamborov forcibly convened a National Assembly and elected Prince Waldemar of Denmark as Grand Duke of Bulgaria, but under pressure from the Tsar, Prince Waldemar refused to ascend the throne.

The contradictions continued to intensify, and Russia severed diplomatic relations with Bulgaria for a time. Unable to reach a compromise between the two factions in the country, the pro-Russian faction launched an uprising in February 1887, but it was quickly suppressed and the head of the country was sentenced to death.

In order to put an end to the crisis, the Bulgarian government, with the support of Austria-Hungary, convened a National Assembly to elect the Grand Duke of Bulgaria without the consent of Russia.

In order to gain more support, Austria-Hungary nominated Ferdinand, and on 25 June 1887, the Bulgarian National Assembly elected Ferdinand as the successor Grand Duke.

The Russian government protested against this, demanding that the Turkish government refuse Ferdinand to take office under the Treaty of Berlin. However, under pressure from the Western powers, Turkey rejected Russia's demands and supported Ferdinand's succession.

At the moment, the coup d'état in Bulgaria is still in the process of pregnancy, and Ferdinand did not interfere, he is afraid of causing a butterfly effect.

After all, in history, Bulgaria ran all over Europe in order to find the Grand Duke, and there were a lot of candidates.

Although he chose himself in the end, it was nothing more than to gain the support of the Western powers, and it did not mean that there was no one else who could replace him.

Ferdinand waited anxiously as he intensified his intelligence work. Historically, it was not easy for me to come to Bulgaria, and the power was in the hands of the Liberals.

As the days passed, in the summer of 1886, the coup d'état began as scheduled, and Batenberg was forced to abdicate and then expelled.

The ensuing battle for Bulgaria stunned Ferdinand, who had the upper hand in Russia, gradually lost its advantage in a series of erroneous actions.

In 1887, as the Bulgarian crisis intensified, in February, with Ferdinand's consent, Stimborov forcibly convened a National Assembly and formally elected Ferdinand as Prince of Bulgaria.