Section 788 The basis for the annexation of the Manchus

In the first year after the First Sino-Japanese War, in 1896, the Japanese economy was in trouble, apparently the debt of up to 2.5 billion yen in the end put a huge burden on their finances, although in the gap between the great powers, they picked up the leftovers of Korea, but the economic development was still weak, and the Koreans refused to cooperate with their plunder, and resisted from time to time, they wanted to go further, the Manchu court in Xi'an, which had become a puppet, would say a few words, and the Russians would also say a few words, and Japan felt that it was really inexplicable to fight this war. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. biquge。 info

This kind of inexplicable war, but also let the Japanese government suffer a lot of criticism, not to mention that it failed to obtain any privileges, it is clearly a great favor to the Ming Dynasty, greatly promoting the process of the Ming Dynasty's unification of the world, and now anyone with a discerning eye can see that the Ming Dynasty controls the whole of China, and there is only one ceremony left. Japan, on the other hand, is still being squeezed out of this huge market and has nothing to gain.

Historically, after the First Sino-Japanese War, Japan's industrial development grew rapidly, and one theory is that Japan received a huge amount of reparations, but in fact this reparations were not used for education, nor for the fastest growing light industry, but for the vast majority of military and military industries.

But after this war, Japan's domestic capital investment increased by 2.8 times from 245 million yen to 931 million yen, the total number of factories employing more than 10 people increased by 1.19 times from 3,740 to 8,274, the number of factories using prime mover increased by 4.54 times from 675 to 3,741, the average number of spindles operating per day increased by 2.38 times from 382,000 to 1,290,000 spindles, the operating mileage of railways increased by 1.2 times from 2,039 miles to 4,495 miles, and the total tonnage of ships increased by 4.96 times from 110,250 tons to 656745 tons; The export trade volume increased from 189.71 million yen to 289.5 million yen, an increase of 2.23 times.

Such a growth rate is not entirely driven by investment, but by the market. Before the war, Japan had almost no share of the Chinese market, but in the decade after the war, through the privileges they acquired, they at least eliminated the privilege and disadvantage of competing with foreigners, and as a result, they quickly crowded out the markets of the Western powers with cheap goods, and in just ten years they squeezed out British cotton yarn from northern China.

But now Japan not only did not get the market, not even the reparations, all they got was full of grudges, and a depressed economy, Japan's first economic crisis broke out in advance after the war, and the rest of the world is not linked, but Japan's own crisis, they have not yet been able to affect other countries, but some impact on the Ming Dynasty, because they began to dump their own raw silk and cotton yarn cheaply.

However, under this level of shock, the Ming economy continues to maintain a good growth momentum. The world economic crisis that broke out in 1890 began to recover from 1893, in 1894, the Ming Dynasty not only ended the war with the United States, but also began to receive huge reparations, the United States in order to allow the Ming to withdraw as soon as possible, a one-time payment of eight billion US dollars in war reparations, this money made the Ming domestic deflation passed in an instant, and even began to appear a certain degree of inflation.

Sufficient money supply, coupled with the recovery of the world economic situation, the export of Ming silk, tea and various handicrafts began to recover, the French market became the main market, the American market gradually shrunk, but the cotton cloth of the Ming began to be sold back to the Indian market, the coarse cloth produced by the Ming Dynasty is an imitation of the American coarse cloth, the response in the Chinese market is good, it is the only large-scale sales of woven fabrics, the result is also welcomed in India, the main reason is that it is strong and durable, it is not comfortable to wear, and the urban middle-class white-collar workers do not like it, But the peasants and workers who do the rough work like it, and the working class, which clearly makes up the vast majority in China and India.

Because of the war, American coarse cloth was directly excluded from the Chinese market, and Daming became the only supplier of woven coarse cloth. Coupled with the consumption power of the urban middle class developed in the Ming Dynasty, which was suddenly withdrawn from the battlefield, the retired soldiers who had hundreds of taels of military funds and nowhere to spend were all huge consumption power.

The impact of the war is that the Chinese occupy an absolute advantage in the western part of the United States, and the number of Chinese in California alone exceeds two million, and it is still increasing, and the US government does not dare to provoke these Chinese for the time being, because the proportion of Chinese who are mainly Taiping Army under Li Xiucheng is higher than that of the Americans, and when the Ming army retreated, they were left with millions of guns, making them a formidable army, and the US government did not solve the situation of the Second Confederate State of America in the southwest and the black riots in the southeast. I don't want to provoke these Chinese.

During the war, the Ming merchants developed the trade network on the west coast of the Americas, continuously imported rice to Peru, Bolivia and other countries, and imported copper ore from Chile, so that the Ming merchants intervened in the markets of these countries, and began to form a commercial chain covering from small merchants to large import and export merchants, and the Russian commercial chain formed an interconnection on the west coast of the Americas, from Alaska in the north to Chile in the south, the Chinese business network was completely rolled out.

After the war, this network began to absorb a large number of goods from the Ming Dynasty, and the cheap and high-quality goods of the Ming Dynasty, just like the 21st century, quickly occupied the market of these developing countries, bringing a steady stream of export shares to the Ming Dynasty, and at the same time, the trade with these countries continued, greatly enhancing the trade relations with these countries.

Boosted by the continuous development of the market, at the end of 1894, the Ming economy recovered rapidly, and in 1895 it immediately turned into high-speed growth.

The development of light industry has provided a market for heavy industry, and the machinery industry, which has just completed the conversion of production, has gone one step further and quickly filled the vacancy in the machinery industry.

The simultaneous development of light and heavy industries has made Daming's economic growth amazing. Tell the development of the industry, there has long been a large number of middle class, and it has driven the high-level consumption capacity and boosted the development of other industries.

All this has allowed the Ming economy to begin to enter the next growth cycle.

The number of factories in Japan before the Russo-Japanese War reached more than 8,000, but the Ming Dynasty had so many factories as early as the Ming and French Wars, including more than 3,000 silk reeling factories alone, and during the American War, the number of power factories in the Ming Dynasty exceeded 10,000, but this number is far worse than the United States, the United States is calculated by 100,000, and there are often tens of thousands of factories that they close down in an economic crisis.

The number of factories is one thing, quality is one thing, Daming's factories are generally larger than Japanese factories, in the last economic cycle, began to develop towards concentration, a large number of factories closed down in the economic crisis, many factories with better economic benefits began to merge those bankrupt factories, and large industries began to appear.

Daming is no longer counting less than 100 people of non-powered workshops, more than 100 people of power factories, up to 10,000, this is more powerful than Japan before the Russo-Japanese War, after all, it is a large population, the main population is in the relatively rich Liangguang and Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions, the average per capita income is much higher than Japan, so the market size is quite large, in the world, but also second only to the United Kingdom, the United States and Russia, in the fourth place, much larger than France, Germany, such a large market, will naturally give birth to large factories.

Before the Russo-Japanese War in Japan, there were only more than 500,000 industrial workers, but Daming alone was an arsenal, and it already had 300,000 industrial workers, the number of workers in the field of heavy industry was as high as 7.8 million, and the number of workers accommodated in light industry was as high as 2 million, which was already the number of workers in Russia during the October Revolution. But the Ming Dynasty was still not an industrial country, because the vast majority of the huge population was farmers.

Millions of workers, compared to more than 100 million people, that is just a drop in the bucket, and the proportion of industrial workers is actually the same as that of Japan.

But the commercial capital of the Ming Dynasty is extremely abundant, which is mainly due to the long monopoly trade of silk tea porcelain in history, so that the Chinese region has flowed into a large number of precious metals, and at the same time gave birth to a huge business gang, you can never count the scale of private commercial accumulation, when the economy began to develop, these capital quickly invested in the market, transformed into a variety of industrial capital, and boosted the rapid development of the economy.

It can be said that long before industrialization, the commercial accumulation of the Ming Dynasty was already a world-class level, except for the United Kingdom, almost no country can compare, maybe India can fight, India's colonization has made India's industrialization a dream.

In every wave of industrial boom, hundreds of millions of capital came out of nowhere, and quickly turned into industrial capital.

There are more than 10,000 factories employing more than 100 workers, and there are 1,000 factories with thousands of workers, compared to more than 100 in France, and more than 500 in Germany.

However, the number of handicraft workshops in the Ming Dynasty was huge, and Zhu Jinglun protected these handicrafts quite a lot, whether it was the war with the Manchu Qing Dynasty or the war with the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, he tried his best to protect the craftsmen, which led to the number of handicraft workshops in the Ming Dynasty as high as more than 5 million, and if Western industrial production was adopted, they could easily be transformed into industries like small French enterprises.

These huge handicrafts, to fill the large industry can not take into account the market segments, not only in the Ming market to conquer the city, but also to open up the market of other countries, small quantity, high price, characteristics of the handicraft industry, whether it is a developed country, or a developing country, there is no shortage of sales.

Therefore, these handicrafts came behind in the Ming Dynasty's exports, and after raw silk and tea, the third reached a scale of 100 million taels, and soon surpassed raw silk and tea to become the largest export commodity.

The handicraft industry employs a small number of workers, with an average of only three people, but it has already employed more than 20 million Ming laborers, making it the largest employment industry. Although they don't have a future, these industries are very present.

Light and heavy industry, handicraft industry, railway industry, good economic conditions, so that the Ming annexation of the Manchu Qing has a material basis, do not take advantage of this opportunity to annex the Manchu, and when the economic crisis breaks out, the Ming will not be able to bear the management investment of hundreds of millions of poor people who suddenly joined the country.

So in that decade, Zhu Jinglun couldn't afford to wait, and Daming couldn't afford to wait, but the pressure of international diplomacy must be resolved in advance.