Before the change of the law, before the decree was promulgated, a three-zhang piece of wood was erected at the south gate of the national capital, and then, telling the people that anyone who moved this wood to the north gate would be rewarded with ten taels of gold, and ten taels of gold was a huge bounty at that time, so the people felt very strange and couldn't believe it, and no one moved it. Pen "Fun" Pavilion www.biquge.info

Shang Ying then ordered anyone to move the wood to the north gate, and rewarded fifty taels of gold, everyone discussed, and one of the more bold people moved the wood to the north gate, and the Qin government immediately issued a bounty. It was only after this incident that Shang Ying issued a new decree, and his decree was trusted.

Throughout the period of Shang Ying's Fa reform, there were those who supported him and those who rebelled against him, but no one doubted his Fa because his Fa was credible. In the end, when Shang Ying himself wanted to escape, he found that his law made him unable to escape from the Qin State, and he could only be captured, and his law succeeded, restraining everyone in the Qin State.

According to the Chinese concept, the law of Shang Yang was a bad law, so for the next two thousand years, the Confucian forces have been attacking the legal system of the Qin State, although later dynasties have adopted the county system implemented by the Qin State, and they also have their own laws, but they have never returned to the credibility of the Qin State.

Shang Ying's legal system is problematic, the law is too strict, and it is easy to cut off the nose and pick out the ears, but there is a characteristic, for everyone, the law will be enforced, perhaps the intensity of enforcement is different, for example, the prince broke the law and could not be punished, so he cut off the nose of the prince, and the prince was the brother of Qin Xiaogong at that time.

Compared with the later generations of Confucianism that the punishment is not a doctor, Shang Ying's law should be equal to everyone, although everyone is very uncomfortable, but he is indeed very equal, so some people scold him, some people love him, but no one doubts him, and he has achieved the original intention of building wood at the city gate with Shang Ying.

Zhu Jinglun now also has to erect a pole of wood, he also has to win the trust of the people, and the agreement with these rich merchants is his city gate standing wood, he told these merchants that he was a little negligent before, borrowed the silver and forgot to pay it back, and repaid it a few months late, so he decided to compensate these merchants twice the loss in addition to the interest agreed at the beginning.

Zhu Jinglun wrote down all these contents on a piece of paper, and finally wrote a guarantee that from him down, officials at all levels shall not force the people's finances for no reason, if it is a debt, according to the payment of interest, the extension should be negotiated with the creditor, and after permission, the interest will be extended according to the agreement, if the creditor does not allow it, the principal should be returned immediately, and the creditor can go to the government to complain.

In the frightened look of the old businessman, Zhu Jinglun personally held an official deed paper, which had signed his people, please sign them one by one, Zhu Jinglun's expression was undoubted, the first person trembled and signed the name, and the back did not dare to disobey, after signing one by one, Zhu Jinglun immediately asked Huang Sangong to take it to find someone to engrave the stone tablet, and set it at the door of his yamen, and then it was printed as a notice and issued throughout the province.

This is a declaration, a solemn promise to protect private property rights, Zhu Jinglun is to use his own behavior to set a rule, his government is to protect private property rights, no official can encroach on other people's property without reason, including Zhu Jinglun.

Later scholars believe that the reason why the Industrial Revolution first occurred in Britain is inseparable from the good protection of property rights in Britain, and that Britain and the United States can become the world's financial centers later, and this factor is still in it. This is also the reason why the wealthy people in backward countries are rushing to immigrate to Britain and the United States.

One scholar also asked why people all over the world never doubted that the English-speaking countries would embezzle their wealth, and that the Spanish-speaking countries were not trusted, and the French-speaking countries were also suspected, but no one doubted the English-speaking countries.

Zhu Jinglun agrees that the protection of property is one of the pillars of a commercial society, and the other pillar may be the protection of human power, which together constitute the core essence of the rule of law.

What moved him to the crisis was that not only later generations, but even in this era, the rich people in Guangdong wanted to run to Hong Kong when they encountered danger, since Hong Kong, Macao was not their first choice, and the British respect and protection of the rights of others are really worth learning from all countries.

Among the ten countries, at least nine of them can't do things like the poisoning incident in Hong Kong, Bao Ling's wife was poisoned, he can still make the murderer accept the judicial trial he deserves, and finally he can be released without evidence, this kind of thing deeply touched Zhu Jinglun's heart at that time, this is not a certain thing, but everything, I believe that the people of Guangdong have recognized this quality of the British at this time, otherwise they would not have fled to Hong Kong one-sidedly.

Now Zhu Jinglun wants to do the same thing, he needs to convince everyone that the Guangdong government will also protect everyone's rights, especially in property rights, and will definitely protect them most strictly.

In this era, the reason why businessmen make money and invest in land with low profits, instead of continuing to invest in business, is that they can't feel at ease, and they may be deprived of their property by officials at any time, which is the case with top businessmen like Wu Bingjian, let alone small businessmen.

In Pan Chengxun's genealogy, there is not even a record of his sons taking over as general merchants, and the wealthy merchants themselves despise their identities to such an extent, how can they continue to invest in commerce, invest in industry, and convert their commercial capital into industrial capital?

Zhu Jinglun's notices were quickly sent, and when the businessmen really saw these notices posted at the gates of the county towns and beside the county offices, telling everyone what happened, Zhu Jinglun's self-fine, and the subsequent guarantees, which were also accompanied by the signatures of Zhu Jinglun and the wealthy businessmen.

At this time, many wealthy businessmen are a little blindfolded, and some have already understood, Zhu Jinglun is using them to migrate the wood to establish a letter, but this wood is erected, whether there is a letter or not is not certain, if someone really moves the wood away and does not get a reward, but even more untrustworthy, so the rich businessmen are really looking forward to having a person who migrates the wood at this time, that is, really according to the notice, a lawsuit with a certain yamen, to see if it is good or not, if you haven't heard of it, you can sue the yamen, where to sue?

They soon knew where to go to file a lawsuit, because Zhu Jinglun's notice was soon sent to the whole county, and trial divisions were set up in each county, judges were stationed to hear cases, and local squires and famous people were invited to be tried in public, even if it was a county order, they could also file a complaint here, and Zhu Jinglun's judicial reform was steadily implemented throughout the province.

To tell the truth, the quality of the judges is not professional, most of them are the lawyers from all over the country, these lawyers are also contemptuously called litigants, the officials do not like them very much, often say that they instigate the foolish people to sue, the money, eat the plaintiff and eat the defendant, the worst bad people, so every time you go to a place, if the local people love to fight lawsuits, the officials who want to do things do not strictly try the case, but clean up the local lawyers as soon as possible.

Officials under the Confucian worldview have a kind of concept of settling lawsuits, thinking that people in a certain place love to fight lawsuits, that is, the people's customs are not simple enough, they like to fight, and they are not harmonious, and they pay attention to taking a step back and making a step, so that everyone can be reconciled, this is not the case of one person, but the entire official class, not that the officials who are lazy do not want to try the case, but the famous ministers are like this.

Even the great sages of the Ming Dynasty, Wang Yangming and Wang Shouren have this kind of thought, and "Wang Shouren Settles Lawsuits" is even popular in the world with a well-known allusion.

Probably this is the story, a friend of Wang Shouren filed a lawsuit against someone else, and Wang Shouren said, "You wait a few days until you are calm and come back to me." After a few days the man came and said that he had been at peace, so he had come to be taught. Wang Shouren said, "You are calm, what are you doing here?"

Not only to his friends, but also to the people, he was demoted to Luling to be the magistrate of the county, the people of this county like to argue, Wang Yangming suppressed all the lawsuits, issued a notice to the people not to come to the lawsuit, saying that he was not in good health, could not sort out the lawsuit, after a while, he told others, not that he was not in good health to deal with these things, but that the neighbors should be considerate of each other, support each other, go in and out of friendship, and develop a generous style. Some trivial disputes, mutual consultation, mutual humility, can be successfully resolved; Going to court at every turn not only hurts the peace, but is really not a good way to live in the world.

In the end, he also agreed with the locals: from now on, unless there is a major case that is unavoidable, do not easily file a lawsuit, and call the villagers with kindness as beauty, and cultivate a style of benevolence, righteousness and filial piety. If there are people who are known for their kindness and filial piety, I will personally visit them and pay tribute to them.

Confucianism believes that if the people in a place are keen on lawsuits, it is not harmonious mentality, what is the moral situation, I don't know, anyway, it is absolutely impossible to adapt to the modern business society, so Zhu Jinglun is in favor of the rule of law, if the people feel that there is nowhere to redress their grievances, that is the biggest trouble, Wang Yangming is a great sage, he may be able to handle it well, but his behavior has given a lot of lazy and slack politicians an excellent excuse, that is, to settle the lawsuit and save their own trouble, there is a county in Fujian, and the county order has not been promoted for several years.

Therefore, Zhu Jinglun not only does not advocate the end of litigation, but also encourages complaints to be litigated as soon as possible, recruiting lawyers in various places, these people are familiar with the laws of the Qing Dynasty, and then send them to the courts in Hong Kong to observe, and ask Hong Kong judges to train them in judicial procedures, of course, they do not need to be like British judges, wear funny clothes, wear exaggerated wigs, they wear official mansions, Zhu Jinglun found someone to customize the seven-grade official mansion for them, that is to say, they are at the same level as the county order in the county, but they also give them the power to judge the county order.

As for the jury verdict system, it was replaced by a local celebrity verdict, and in order to tell both sides to feel fair, this jury must be approved by both parties, and the jurors also came up with a new term, called the petitioner, which means to ask for the people's life.

The judge was sent out, and slowly some people came to fight the lawsuit, and the verdict was generally convincing, and the precedent was slowly formed, but the matter of the civil prosecutor still did not happen, and Zhu Jinglun's "letter" could not stand up for a while.

But everyone knows that the wood is at least erected, which shows that Zhu Jinglun wants to do something, and it is also good to have an advertising effect of a thousand golden bones.

In 1863, the administrative and judicial shelves were slowly erected, and the educational shelves were also slowly formed, but in the issue of education, it was more complicated than the administrative and judicial issues, which made Zhu Jinglun feel troublesome. (To be continued.) )