1893 was a tumultuous year, and on January 17, the last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, Queen Lililiouokallani, attempted to amend the Constitution, but the resulting coup d'état led to the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

It is worth mentioning that after the coup, American troops quickly landed in Hawaii, which made the coup a success. After the coup, the Queen was placed under house arrest at the Illani Palace, Hawaii's monarchy was replaced by the rebel Provisional Government, and Hawaii entered the Republic period, eventually becoming part of the United States in 1898.

100 years after the coup d'état, the U.S. Congress passed a public international law 103~105, also known as the "Apology Resolution", which publicly apologized for the U.S. government's involvement in supporting the coup d'état in the Kingdom of Hawaii. The resolution was signed by President Bill Clinton of the United States on 23 November 1993.

The demise of the Kingdom of Hawaii marked that the United States was unwilling to be lonely, set off a clarion call for expansion into the Pacific Ocean, and also laid a hidden danger for the future contradictions between the United States and Japan.

In 1893, Britain declared the "Protectorate of the Coast of Nigeria", and in the same year France occupied the adjacent region of Dahomey. The British "Royal Nigerien Company" clashed fiercely with France ~ on the western border of Nigeria. During the Niger crisis, Britain and France almost went to war, and the conflict lasted until 1898, when the two countries signed an agreement to divide up West Africa.

In the same year, the Anglo-German and South African crises broke out. In order to prevent Britain from acquiring all of South Africa and annexing the two Boer republics, in 1893 German capitalists, with the support of the government, built the railway from Biletoa to present-day Maputo.

The Boer Republic gained access to the Indian Ocean, got rid of its dependence on the British port, Germany controlled most of the Boer trade, and the conflict between Britain and Germany in South Africa intensified.

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These international events had little impact on Bulgaria in a short period of time, but it was important not to study international relations. Ferdinand maintained a good habit of collecting information, and copied a copy to important members of the military and political circles, which helped them broaden their horizons.

In 1893, the economic crisis broke out, and the United States, far away in the Pacific, suffered this time. As the after-effects of over-investment in railways erupted, the railroad bubble was punctured, triggering a full-blown economic crisis.

As soon as the American railroad crisis became legendary, it attracted the attention of all circles in Bulgaria. Bulgaria's big railway plan has also aroused widespread concern and panic in all walks of life. In order to stabilize people's minds, Ferdinand copied articles entitled "Seeking Truth from Facts" in major Bulgarian newspapers.

The article points out the causes and consequences of the outbreak of the American railroad crisis, emphasizing that "duplicate construction and vicious competition" are the core of the crisis. Citing a large amount of evidence that the Bulgarian railway plan was feasible, it was publicly announced that the government would not approve the construction of multiple railways on the same line to avoid causing vicious competition.

1893 was a crucial year for Bulgaria. On August 15, the first steel plant in Bulgaria, Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen Steel Plant, was officially put into operation, with a daily output of 525 tons of steel, including 105 tons of steel and 420 tons of iron. (Note: The maintenance of equipment in 19th century steel mills takes up a lot of time, and it is not guaranteed to produce every day)

The start of production of Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen marks a new page in Bulgaria's heavy industry. At that time, Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen Steel Plant was not only the largest steel plant in Bulgaria, but also ranked among the top 30 in the world.

Thanks to Bulgaria's big railway plan, Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen Steel Plant can produce as much as it wants, without worrying about sales in the short term.

Due to the lack of coking coal for steelmaking in Bulgaria, which needs to be imported from Ukraine, the cost of steel mills has been raised, and the price of steel in the international market is not competitive, but the Bulgarian government still chooses to support domestic production.

In fact, as soon as the Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen steel plant was put into operation, Ferdinand stopped importing steel from abroad, even though steel was cheap during the economic crisis. (International steel prices fell by a third after the onset of the economic crisis)

Ferdinand was well aware of the importance of steel to a country, and even if the Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen steel plant was not competitive in the short term, or even would lose money, it must continue to do so.

Well, with the establishment of the Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen steel plant, Ferdinand made another small profit. Machinery factories that have been transformed into spare parts have finally obtained a long-lost big order, although the product profits are not huge, but the equipment maintenance in the later stage is the majority. Anyway, now Bulgaria and even the entire Balkan region are the only ones with this technical strength.

The newly established Royal Bank ushered in its first business, finding a market for its iron ore, albeit at the price of cabbage, but with strings attached. Mercedes-Benz Volkswagen's financial business was underwritten by the Royal Bank, and it was a good business no matter how you look at it.

Recently, there has been a succession of good news in Bulgaria, and the benefits brought by the full completion of the "First Five-Year Plan" have begun to be felt.

For example, the improvement of transportation has led to a sharp drop in logistics costs in Bulgaria, accelerated the trading of goods, and promoted economic development. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Economy, the economic growth rate of Bulgaria in the first half of 1893 was 13% compared to 1892.

Another example is the popularization of new agricultural technology, the substantial increase in peasant incomes, and the fact that there are not many recreational activities in the countryside in this era, when life is good, the movement to create people naturally began, and newborn babies are born one after another. According to expert estimates, in 1893, the number of newborn babies in Bulgaria was as high as 185,000~191,000, and the birth rate continued to remain at a high level, about 4.725%~4.775%.

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In the middle of summer in 1893, the weather in Sofia was unusually hot, the sun was blazing, and the earth was like a steamer, so hot that people couldn't breathe.

On August 18th, Ferdinand hurriedly got into the carriage against the rising sun, and hurried out of the house, trying to escape the scorching sun.

Today is a big day, the first Bulgarian university students are about to graduate, how can Ferdinand, as the school's principal, be absent?

Ferdinand was in a very unhappy mood right now, God seemed to be trying to fight against him, and the weather was exceptionally hot today, arguably the hottest day since the beginning of summer.

Although there were ice cubes made of earth in the carriage to cool down, Ferdinand, who was greedy for pleasure, thought that the weather should not be hot in the morning, and in order to show the spirit of sharing weal and woe with the soldiers, he decisively ordered people to withdraw before setting off.

Then he regretted it now, the summer sky really couldn't be solved by common sense, and the weather that was fine before going out suddenly became muggy now. Ferdinand, who wanted to cry without tears, is now knocking out his teeth and swallowing it in his stomach, just hoping to reach his destination sooner.

The journey did not change according to Ferdinand's expectations, and lasted for more than three hours, before the team slowly entered the Bulgarian University, by which time Ferdinand was already sweating.

After getting out of the carriage and looking at the teachers and students of the school who had been waiting for a long time under the scorching sun, Ferdinand's mood was much better, and he was finally not alone in the crime. As for the soldiers, they were decisively ignored by Ferdinand, and compared to the usual training situation, the journey of several hours under the scorching sun was pediatric.

Warmly welcomed by all the teachers and students, Ferdinand stepped onto the podium and began his passionate speech under the scorching sun.

"Good morning, students and teachers, it is a pleasure to meet you here today! You are all the elite of the country and the hope of the nation!

Today, we stand here! Stand on the land of the Bulgarians! Stand in Sofia, the land that our ancestors watered with blood and dignity!

Open our history book, for thousands of years, we have too many glorious histories, it is worth going to the big book!

What now???

A small country in the Balkans!!

One might say that a whole bunch of objective reasons will be found!!

Today I'm going to tell you that it's all bullshit!!

Why has Bulgaria weakened in modern times?

That is, there are more people talking, and fewer people doing things!! A big theorist who talks about it can't actually contribute as much to the country as an ordinary worker or a hard-working peasant!!

In modern times, some knowledgeable people are looking for a way to become a strong country in Europe. But I would say that they were all wrong!! The reason for the strength of Bulgaria is simple, it is not an ideology, it is not a system!! In fact, we all know that there are only two core issues: one is resources; One is the population!

Looking at the world's major powers, without exception, they all have these two conditions!! Many people are afraid to face up to this problem, why???

Are they incompetent?? Didn't find any of these issues?? Of course not!!!

'Empty talk will ruin the country, hard work will prosper the country', don't have any hope for a group of mouth cannons!! They are not what the country wants, you are!!

Behind us are four million Bulgarians, whose hard work feeds us!!

For what??

Dignity! The dignity of a person's life!!

In order to be among the nations of the world, we can proudly say: Bulgaria has risen !!

Find the problem, face the problem, and find a way to solve the problem!! The country is not strong overnight, we can't do it in ten years, so what about twenty years?? It still doesn't work, it doesn't matter, we can continue to work hard, fifty years later, a hundred years later, one day we can complete the great rejuvenation of the country and the nation......"