The negotiations between France and Vietnam are still ongoing, and historically, they should have talked about it, because after killing An Die, the Vietnamese were worried about the expansion of the situation, so they gave in and gave a lot of benefits to the French, ending this unsolved case, and the privileges of the French in Vietnam were further expanded, but the Ming finally intervened, so history changed. Pen ~ fun ~ pavilion www.biquge.info

Just last year, when Vietnam was negotiating with France, the Ming army suddenly entered Vietnam in a big way, from the border area of Guangxi to the banks of the Red River, which quickly complicated the Franco-Vietnamese dispute.

The cause was an artillery attack on the banks of the Red River, which was only attacked by a few earthen cannons, and did not cause any substantial damage, but it was enough as a reason.

The navy quickly occupied the Hongji, which was under development, while the army made a long-distance attack to the Red River, sweeping away the bandit forces north of the Red River, and squeezing all the armed forces such as the Black Flag Army, which had been wandering in the border area for a long time, and the Yellow Flag Army, which was active in Vietnam, to the south of the Red River.

France has regarded Vietnam as their de facto colony and protectorate, they are very dissatisfied with the move of the Ming army, and sent a strongly worded note, of course, the French are fierce, but the problem is that the French government does not dare not be tough, the defeat of the Franco-Prussian War, so that the feelings of the French people have been seriously hurt, from the identity of bullying people in the past, suddenly bullied, it is difficult to accept for a while, if the government of its own country in the confrontation with the government of an oriental country are cowardly, The French Third Republic is probably not far from being replaced by the Fourth Republic or some kind of empire.

The French government would never dare to risk the fall of the French government and compromise with the Ming Dynasty, so if the Ming insisted on being tough, it would really cause a war. In terms of national strength, the Ming Dynasty is actually not able to compare with the old empire France, although it seems that everything can be built, ironclad ships can also be built, the army also receives Western-style training, and a large number of high- and middle-level officers stay abroad, but a complete set of military systems has not yet been established, if a national war like the Franco-Prussian War breaks out, Zhu Jinglun is very clear that after the Ming Dynasty has exhausted the first batch of regular troops, there is no way to form a large corps composed of hundreds of thousands of troops to continue to fight like the French.

Therefore, the Ming Dynasty and France are afraid of wolves, no one dares to fight, and no one can afford to fight. It's really tight, and you really have to fight.

But the French government is subject to the people who love the revolution, and dare not show people with a tough attitude, but the Ming Dynasty has room for maneuver, at this time the people of the Ming Dynasty do not have such strong nationalist feelings, this kind of sentiment needs to be born in humiliation one by one, so if the Ming Dynasty compromises, the government will not be on the stage, at most let some new newspapers scold two sentences, and the general public will continue to maintain an indifferent attitude.

If there is room for manoeuvre, we will be more flexible diplomatically, and if we are more flexible, we will naturally be able to take advantage.

The Ming Dynasty sent troops to Zhu Jinglun to forcibly promote, and the shelling incident has been more than once, and the previous few times the Ming Dynasty kept emphasizing the attitude of maintaining peace in the region, but suddenly he couldn't help it, of course, he couldn't help it, but because he saw that the negotiations between France and Vietnam were too smooth, and he found a reason to intervene.

As for who shelled the Ming merchant ships, no one can say clearly, the intervention of the French army has made North Vietnam a chaotic place, the common people organized to smash churches everywhere, the long-term activity of the bandit armies, the peasant army from Guangxi to Vietnam, all kinds of forces are mixed, who knows who did it, many people say that the Black Flag Army did it, because the Black Flag Army has been confronting the Ming government, but according to the situation at the time, the Black Flag Army was not active nearby, and there were several Vietnamese Xiangyong and bandit armies operating nearby, But these two armed men are fighting back and forth, and they both say that the other party did it, and there is no real evidence at all, and even many years later, some people say that it was Da Ming's own bitter trick and his own guns. This is wronged, because under the circumstances at that time, Da Ming really didn't need to play any bitter tricks, because there were excuses at any time.

These are not important, what matters is the purpose of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Jinglun intended to ask for some power, the same power as the French, and the French proposed to Vietnam to allow the French to freely navigate the Red River Valley, and the Ming said that the Ming merchants had already begun to use this waterway, so the Ming merchants must also use this waterway legally.

The French had the Vietnamese government recognize their indisputable right to rule Nam Khi, a third of the southern part of Vietnam, while the Ming demanded law and order in the area north of the Red River. The Ming had a good reason, as there had been a number of attacks on merchant ships, and the Ming had reason to doubt the Vietnamese government's ability to maintain local law and order, so the Ming needed to provide protection for its own merchants when necessary.

But this power is basically equivalent to the right of protection, and then there is the administrative power, and even the army directly finds a reason to drive in and start colonizing. Didn't France do the same in South Vietnam, ceding three provinces of Nam Gi in 1862, and a few years later encroaching on three nearby provinces in the name of maintaining law and order.

The French had great ambitions to dominate the Red River waterway, and they were not interested in the mountains of northern Vietnam, but they had to control the land on both sides of the river anyway, and only in this way could they control the river. The demands of the Ming Dynasty conflicted with the fundamental purpose of France.

Therefore, the negotiations between France and Vietnam suddenly became a tripartite negotiation between Ming, France and Vietnam because of the intervention of the Ming Dynasty, and it can even be said that it was the Ming and French who led the negotiations.

At this time, the Vietnamese were suddenly happy to find that due to the intervention of the Ming Dynasty, the French attitude towards them had become much more polite, and they secretly signaled to them many times that as long as they were willing to refuse the Ming Dynasty's claim for power in Vietnam, the French would fully support Vietnam. Ming officials also communicated with the Vietnamese government, telling them that the Ming did not intend to cede the territory of friendly countries, and that the Ming had no choice but to do so out of precautions. The Ming also promised Vietnam that as long as Vietnam agreed to the Ming Dynasty's demands, the Ming would do its best to protect the Vietnamese court and would never allow France to destroy Vietnam.

Maybe twenty years ago, they were still proud, laughing at the decay of the Manchu army, not as good as the Vietnamese army was equipped with foreign guns and cannons earlier, but they really handed over to the foreigners, they understood that the gap was far more than just weapons, so they couldn't afford to offend the foreigners, but the Ming couldn't afford to offend, and it wasn't that they didn't know the military strength of the Ming Dynasty, they couldn't even help the peasant army that was driven to the Ming-Vietnam border by the Ming army, How could it be possible to win the Ming army.

Although seeing that the Ming Dynasty and France suddenly and inexplicably clashed over the interests in Vietnam, some Vietnamese courtiers were still complacent, and even despised this kind of forgetting profit and righteousness, and the appearance of eating like a vicious dog snatching was too ugly, but if the two countries were competing for interests and a vicious dog robbing, Vietnam would be that piece of, and there was nothing to be proud of. There were also some whimsical courtiers who even suggested sowing discord in it, so that the Ming and French would fight, and then Vietnam would profit from it. In short, all kinds of strange things filled the Vietnamese court, no different from the Manchu court ten years ago.

Obviously, it is impossible to rely on these goods, but fortunately, no matter which country, there is no shortage of rational ministers, and these people may be the most scolded, but they often do the most, and they propose to negotiate with the two countries to protect the overall situation of Vietnam. They believed that the Ming Dynasty's request for navigation could be accommodated, and that the Ming merchants had been doing business in Vietnam, and there were sailing ships on the Red River, which was an outdated rule. But when the Ming Dynasty asked for the maintenance of law and order, it was absolutely impossible, it was easy to invite God and it was difficult to send God, and the Ming army entered Vietnam, would it be so easy to get out?

The first is to cede the land of Nam Chi to France, although it is one-third of Vietnam's territory, but in the eyes of the Vietnamese, it is a frontier after all, but it is just a territory that has been opened up to the south for decades, and it is the old land of the Champa and Cambodians. Now it has been occupied by the French, and it can't be taken back whether it is signed or not, and it can only be recognized.

Other trade and other requests such as those agreed to are nothing more than a little profit to save money and make a fight, which is not worth it.

The Vietnamese monarchs and ministers who "valued righteousness over profit" allowed the demands of the French and basically agreed to the demands of the Ming Dynasty in terms of commerce, but for the requirements of the Ming Dynasty to maintain law and order north of the Red River, they refused to accept the same language and the same kind with the officials of the Ming Dynasty.

But this is only a superficial phenomenon, the real lead of the negotiations is the Ming and French two countries, although the two countries have not confronted each other at the negotiating table, but behind the scenes there have long been contacts, on the one hand, both sides are making promises to the Vietnamese, and on the other hand, they have begun to show their attitude to the other side through various channels.

France did not openly send diplomats, and their ambassadors did not contact the Ming Foreign Affairs Department, and now public opinion in France has risen, just as before the Franco-Prussian War, just because the Prussians refused to promise French demands, the French are full of calls for a declaration of war, and the French government is limited to this public opinion, and it seems very passive, they can only express their tough attitude to their own people, that is, they absolutely do not accept any country to affect French interests in Vietnam, No country will be allowed to invade Vietnam for any reason, and the French army is constantly maneuvering, as if it will not hesitate to fight for it.

But these attitudes can only be expressed at home, the reason is very simple, the most nervous of their exercises is not the Ming Dynasty, but Germany, and the French government is even more nervous than the Germans, because at this time the German army is still stationed in France, before the French pay 50 francs in compensation, the German army will occupy northern France, and the Germans give France a repayment period of 39 years, that is to say, the Germans intend to occupy the rich northern plains of France for 39 years, what the Germans want to do, the whole of Europe is very nervous. In this case, the French still want to start a war with Daming, which is really a joke, so they have not been in direct contact with Daming officials, but through some enterprises, they expressed their attitude to Daming.

The companies said that the French government is very concerned about the interests of French companies in Vietnam, and they hope that the Ming government will also respect their interests so as not to cause unnecessary conflicts between the two countries. At the same time, they also said that the French government is an open, responsible, and trade-encouraging government, and they will not affect the interests of Ming enterprises in Vietnam. French companies say that the actions of the two governments have now affected the interests of the companies of both countries, which is completely unnecessary. Therefore, they hope to jointly sign a memorandum with some chambers of commerce and other organizations in Daming, and submit a memorandum to the two governments, hoping that the government will understand their situation.

These companies are basically expressing the attitude of the French government, although they are communicating with some business organizations in the Ming Dynasty, in fact, they are expressing the attitude of the government, because the French know very well that the Chamber of Commerce of the Ming Dynasty is only a link between the government and businessmen to a certain extent, and their connection with the government is very close.

French companies expressed the hope that the two governments would understand their situation, in fact, expressing the French government's hope that the Ming Dynasty's actions in Vietnam would be constrained within the scope of commerce, and that the two governments would not directly intervene.

This is France, which has been tough at home and told its people that they will not hesitate to fight, and on the other hand, half of the country is occupied by its neighbors, so it can only do things in this way in the East.

Zhu Jinglun thought about it, and really felt that the French were quite pitiful, so he sighed and planned to invite the French ambassador to communicate about the current situation.

The French ambassador understood this as a sign that the Ming wanted to back down, and he was right, because Britain had intervened.