The battle did not go well, and the Ming army did not have many means, nothing more than using artillery to attack, infantry charging or earthwork excavation, using old tricks for I don't know how many years. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

After the Franco-Prussian War, the French army had already gained experience in intensive artillery bombardment, and would not surrender under the bombardment of Krupp artillery as it did at the beginning, and their artillery was not bad after the Franco-Prussian War, and the Ming army could not achieve absolute superiority in the artillery battle, so the attack again and again was fruitless, leaving a corpse on the ground.

But the French counterattack was ineffective, because their means of counterattack were equally inferior, and they marched forward in unison, as in the arquebus era, as in the arquebus era, and only died under the machine guns.

After a month of attacking and defending each other in Hue's dry season, both sides were demoralized and the confrontation resumed.

The battle situation at the front was constantly summarized to the rear, and Zhu Jinglun continued to read the battle report and listen to the opinions of relevant personnel.

Mei Qizhao advocated a long siege, and he believed that most of the ancient sieges were made by siege, and the French camps were stable and could not be captured in a short time.

However, Deng Shicai, the head of the Army Department, believed that it was completely pointless to encircle the other side, because so far, the Ming army had not been able to cut off the French army's lines of communication.

Hue is connected to Saigon by railway, and the Nam Chi region has a constant supply of grain and grass, and the traditional siege of the city cannot trap the French army. And how can they be surrounded by railways that can be used by Da Nang and Hue, by water, and by land and water communication lines?

The result of the discussion was that it was impossible to completely encircle the French without cutting off their lines of communication.

In order to ensure the smooth flow of traffic, France built hundreds of strongholds along the railway line, all with steel-concrete bunkers as the core, with a small number of soldiers to protect the railway line, to cut off railway traffic, these strongholds must be broken.

As a result, the direction of the battle shifted from the frontal main attack to pulling out the fortresses and strongholds on the outskirts of the French army, and finally cutting off the French lines of communication.

The Battle of Hue entered its second phase, with both sides abandoning the goal of crushing each other on a frontal battlefield and instead began to fight over the lines of communication.

As a result, the Ming suddenly found that the battle situation suddenly became favorable to itself, not that the Ming army broke through the defense of the French army and captured the railway line, but as the Ming army went south from the internal test, trying to seize the communication line in a roundabout way, the French army had to divide its troops to defend, and also deployed along the railway line to the south, and the Ming army's attack line extended to the south, and the French army's defense line must be extended to the south.

However, the total strength of the French army was only 400,000, and although the vast majority of them were mobilized to Hue, it was impossible for Saigon not to remain behind, because the Nam Chi area was by no means peaceful, and there were Vietnamese rebels harassing the French army.

The Ming Dynasty had an absolute superiority in troops, and the French army could still rely on the fortifications of Hue to shrink the defense, but now they had to divide their troops to intercept the Ming army, and the troops immediately seemed to be stretched.

The Ming army was keenly aware of this, so it took the initiative to expand the front, trying to outflank the rear of Hue in a roundabout way south and cut off the railway line between Hue and Da Nang.

The French were desperately trying to block the southward movement of the Ming army, so they continued to extend the front from Hue to the southwest and build defensive positions.

The French were effective in extending their defenses from Hue to the southwest at the foot of the Annam Mountains, which run through Vietnam, and on the other side of the watershed was the desolate Borophon Plateau, which now belonged to the Champasak Kingdom, which was a Siamese subject.

At this time, the French front, a section of the Annam Mountains connecting the western border of Vietnam, connected to the sea on one side, did block the southward movement of the Ming army, but also stretched its own front to 150 kilometers.

300,000 people, defending a 150-kilometer front, with an average of only 2,000 people per kilometer, two people per meter. It's not that it can't be defended, but it's no longer powerless to attack. However, as the attacking party, Da Ming can concentrate his forces at any time and attack a certain point, and he completely grasps the initiative at this time.

The French, who were overstretched, tried every means to increase their troops and formed a large number of Vietnamese puppet armies, but they could not rest assured that these puppet armies would help defend, so they could only be used as miscellaneous soldiers, and the available troops were still insufficient.

If you want to transfer troops from the country, the domestic political situation is not very stable at this time, because Ru Feili, an unlucky guy, as in history, has successfully fallen.

This was still a matter of the Coastal Defense Campaign, when the Coastal Defense Campaign was the French army retreated on its own initiative, but France still regarded it as a big defeat, because the French army not only ceded Haiphong, but also continued to retreat in a series of previous battles, from Shengbao to Hanoi, from Hongji to Haiphong, and finally Hanoi and Haiphong, all of which gave up.

Therefore, the loss of Haiphong was only a fuse, a fuse that brought down the Jouferi cabinet.

At that time, the news of the loss of coastal defense reached France, and the patriotic masses of France were immediately outraged.

Agitation began in the streets of Paris, and the shadow of the defeat of 1870 resurfaced, like the ghost of Attila.

The great writer Léon Dude describes: "The Chinese army seems to have begun to prepare for the siege of Paris. ”

In the afternoon of the same day, Clemenceau, a radical Republican, shouted at Prime Minister Joferi in the Chamber of Deputies: "We don't know you anymore, we don't want to know you anymore!" ”

The government of Jouferi then collapsed.

Fifteen years after the loss of Alsace and Lorraine, in the consciousness of the French Empire, in addition to Germany, a new barbaric image arose - the "yellow race" should be conquered as soon as possible.

The collapse of the Jouferi government has been repeated in Chinese history textbooks, as if it were a big deal, but it was only mentioned casually in the newspapers of the Ming Dynasty, because in real history, the collapse of the French cabinet is really not news, as for the defeat, it is just a reason, and there is always only one reason for the fall of the French cabinet, that is, political struggle.

After the Franco-Prussian War, the Third Republic was established, but there were many factions in this republic, and royalists like McMahon could be presidents, which shows the confusion of political thought. Throughout the Third Republic, there were various factions active in the political arena, including royalists, socialists, republicans, moderates, radicals, and even the Catholic Church.

In such a complex and chaotic state, it is impossible for any faction to come to power to be stable.

Even if Joufferi had not been ousted by the war, he would have been removed from power by all sorts of other bizarre issues, because there were always people who wanted him to step down.

From 1871, when the Third Republic was established, to 1885, when Jouferi came to power, France had a total of 17 prime ministers, with an average tenure of less than a year.

The first prime minister, Jules Armand Stanislas Duvre, who held the post of prime minister from February 1871 to May 1873, was an independent and moderate republican. The second was the Duke of Breuy, from May 1873 to May 1874, and it was clear that this Duke was a royalist. The third was Ernest Curto Decisse, who was an independent from May 1874 to March 1875. The fourth was Louis Buffet, royalist. The fifth was again Jules Armand Stanislas Dufer. The sixth Jules Simon belonged to the leftist republic. The seventh was again the Duke of Broy. The eighth Gaitán de Rochebuel was a conservative. The ninth was Jules Armand Stanislas Dufer. The tenth William Henry Waddington was a moderate republican. The eleventh Charles de Fresiné was a republican opportunist.

The twelfth was when Jouferi came to power, and this time it was 1880, and he was in office for a year. It will be the seventeenth time for Jouferi to be in power again, and this time he has been in office from 1883 to 1885, which is obviously a long time. It was precisely because he had been in office for too long, not that he was not good enough, that he was coaxed out of power by the opposition.

This was the norm in the politics of the Third Republic, and it was even more chaotic than the Japanese politics of later generations. The good thing is that after decades of revolutions, the establishment of a republic, the overthrow of a republic, the establishment of an empire, the overthrow of an empire and other major political events, France paid a terrible price to evolve its politics to a state of chaos but balance at the cost of becoming a second-rate European power.

The prime minister changes casually, but the government can always maintain stability, which is also a feature, just like the later generations of Thailand, coups play one from time to time, but never the world is in chaos, because the coup itself has become a means of balance of power in Thailand, and in the same way, the fall of the prime minister is also a way of political power balance in France.

So the fall of Joffrey is really not worth writing about, because he is already a rare long-serving prime minister.

Soon after the fall of Jouferry, the president appointed a new cabinet, the cabinet of Henri Brisson.

This man was a radical republican, and Clemenceau, who ousted Joufer, was a radical, but Clemenceau was a Socialist and still couldn't pee in a pot. Clemenceau was opposed to colonial expansion, believing that colonial expansion would do no good to the country except to make a windfall for a small group of magnates, but would degrade the morality of the French nation.

There are so many factions in the French parliament that it is impossible for them to be unanimous in their governing policies. Of course, it is not the cabinet government that maintains the power of the French Republic, but their president. Compared with the frequent change of prime ministers, the position of the French president is relatively secure, and the legal process to abolish the president is very complex and almost impossible to do. But the problem is that the President of the Third Republic does not exercise power directly, but through the appointment of a prime minister. When the Prime Minister's cabinet is unstable, political stability is impossible.

It was not until after World War II that Charles de Gaulle established the Fourth and Fifth Republics, strengthened the power of the president, and made the president the real ruler, that French politics stabilized and the head of government was finally able to sit for a few years.

Therefore, the collapse of the Jouferi cabinet has long been accustomed to it, and the Ming Dynasty has been accustomed to it. Far from being thrown into chaos by the fall of Jouferry, France will not be affected by the war.

The only thing that will be affected is the level of engagement in the war. Because it is very difficult to convince factions, including those that are fundamentally opposed to colonial expansion, to support an increase in budgets and troops.

However, Daming did not have these problems, and after seeing the tension of the French army, Daming continued to increase his troops. In the case of ensuring the supply of materials, it is intended to increase the strength of the front-line forces to a million people. At the same time, new tactics for containing the strength of the French army were also worked out one by one.