In 322 BC, King Xian of Zhou was 47 years old, King Qi Wei was 35 years old, Queen Wei Hui was 13 years old, and Zhuang Zhou was 48 years old.

Hui Shi returned from his resignation in Wei, and after he recovered from his illness, he often stayed with Zhuangzi. These two teenage enemies became friends when they reached middle and old age.

Hui Shi is a representative of famous artists and is good at argumentation. Zhuangzi is the inheritor of Taoist doctrine, and his doctrine has solid insights. The debate between the two is often that Hui Shi first stumped Zhuangzi so that Zhuangzi could not answer. But! Zhuangzi slowly recalled that he could turn defeat into victory.

The content of the debate between Zhuangzi and Hui Shi can be found almost everywhere in the book "Zhuangzi". In the inner part of the leisurely journey, there is a debate between Zhuangzi and Hui Shi about "big and small", "useful and useless".

In the theory of all things, the style and style of the debate between Zhuangzi and Hui Shi are also retained, and Zhuangzi also mentions Hui Shi's name and some related topics.

In the other chapters, Zhuangzi's style maintains a polemical character. Or! A direct account of the content of the debate between the two.

"The Joy of Fish" is the content of a debate between Zhuangzi and Hui Shi.

One day, Zhuangzi and Keiko were playing on the bridge in Haoshui.

Zhuangzi said, "Look how leisurely the white fish swims, this is the happiness of the fish." In fact! People can live happily too......"

Originally! Zhuangzi also wanted to use the topic to continue talking, persuading Hui Shi to let go of his burden, stop entangled in matters with Zhang Yi, and live well without being an official. Because! Life is just a process of life, and when you die, everything is useless to you. Honor and infamy are equally useless to you, you don't even know it.

Hui Shi interrupted: "You are not a fish, how do you know the happiness of fish?"

Zhuangzi said, "You are not me, how do you know that I don't know the happiness of fish?"

Hui Shi said, "I am not you, and I do not know you. You are not a fish either, how do you know the joy of fish? So! I'm sure you won't know if a fish is happy or unhappy. ”

Zhuangzi said, "Let's follow the previous words." When you just said, 'How do you know the happiness of fish?' you just said that you already knew that I knew the happiness of fish and asked me, and I knew that fish were happy on the bridge in Haoshui. You see how leisurely the white fish swims, this is the joy of the fish. In fact! People can live happily too......"

In order to preach to Hui Shi and persuade Hui Shi to let go of his ideological baggage, Zhuangzi still patiently explained.

"People are people! Fish are fish! How is it possible to know if a fish is happy or not? Hui Shi argued unconvinced.

"Man, like all things, has evolved and changed from the Tao. We change into people, and they! Change becomes a fish ......"

Zhuangzi said, pointing to the fish swimming freely in the river.

He continued: "Some have become cows and horses, and some have become worms. Some became dogs, some became chickens, and some became birds...... And so on. So! People have joys and sorrows, and animals have their own joys and sorrows, just as I have joys and sorrows and you have joys and sorrows.

There is a language barrier between people and things, so! We can't directly know what the other person is happy or sad, just as we don't know whether a deaf person has a happy or sad person. Don't the deaf and dumb have joy and sorrow? It's just that they can't put it into words.

But! We can judge by their body language, whether they have joys and sorrows. I saw the body language of the fish, and they were happy! ”

As he spoke, Zhuangzi picked up a pebble from the ground and threw it at the happily swimming fish. Saw! When the fish was frightened, it wagged its tail and dived to the bottom in a hurry.

"The fish just now are not happy! They sensed danger and ran away in fear! Zhuangzi quickly explained.

"That's just a guess!" Hui Shi said forcefully.

In fact! Hui Shi had already understood what Zhuangzi meant. But! He is a man who likes to debate, and everything is more rigid.

"Alas! You! Zhuangzi sighed, not wanting to debate with Hui Shi anymore. But! Because he was the inheritor of Taoist teachings, he was patient for the purpose of preaching.

"Everything in heaven and earth is sentient! It's just that there is a barrier to communication between us. We don't understand whether the fish are happy or not, and the fish, like the birds, don't know whether we are happy or not. Fish and fish should be the same as people should have a language of communication. The same is true for birds, there is a language of communication between birds.

The same goes for it! We don't know the language of fish, and we don't know the language of birds. And what about the fish and birds! I don't know our language. We talk to each other, and they may think we're arguing!

So! How to judge whether fish and birds are happy or not, we have to observe for a long time before we can judge. Just like it takes a long time to communicate with people to know who the other person is? ”

After listening to Zhuangzi's explanation, Hui Shi had to shake his head and smile bitterly. Who did Zhuangzi think of him? Child? Only children need adults to teach these simple truths.

"Man's place in heaven and earth is not what the king imagined, nor what some people imagine, but man is just a species! Like other species, it is just a species between heaven and earth, and life is just a life process. So! How good it would be if the king gave up his hegemony, did not put himself above others and all things, and led the people of a country to live in peace!

Others don't bully us, and we never violate others. Where does the war come from in this world? Where will it cause the people to live without a secure life? Isn't it?

The reason why I don't want to be an official is because! I will not teach kings how to govern strongly! But! I teach my people to live a peaceful, comfortable life, and not to pursue superfluous things. Nor will they persuade the people to fight for the king, nor will they lead the people to war.

I think! We are to fight for survival, not for the supremacy of kings. I am an official, and I will only teach the people to live a peaceful and comfortable life.

It is only when others violate me, my family, and the people around me that I lead everyone to fight for survival......"

Hui Shi interrupted, "In this troubled world, how can we do it? Right now! The hegemony of the princes has become the trend of the times, like a flood of beasts, no one can turn the tide and change the direction of history......"

"We can't change the tide of history! But! We can be like Mr. Kong, clean ourselves. We can't save this world, the world, but! We can save ourselves......"