Chapter 179: Civil, Political, and Military
The word "change" is too heavy.
It is not a reform and restructuring, not a small-scale innovation, but a major change in the national legal system.
If the law reform is successful, a country's politics, military, economy, and agriculture will take on a new look.
During the Warring States Period, after Li Kui of Wei changed the law, he made Wei stronger than its neighbors. After the political and military reform of Qi by Zou Ji and Sun Bin, King Qi Wei became the king and dominated the world. After the Wu Qi of the Chu State changed the law, the Chu State became strong again. Shin did not harm the change of law, which made South Korea, a weak country, coquettish for a while. The Shang Dynasty changed the law, which is of great significance.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "deposed a hundred schools of thought and respected Confucianism alone", which was also a change. This foreshadowing has a far-reaching impact on today's scriptures.
After everyone changed color, there was a lot of discussion. Some people think that the law of the ancestors cannot be changed, and some people think that when the sword goes sideways, it is a desperate gamble.
"Changing the law is related to the luck of the country, I don't know what legal system the hussar general wants to change?"
Chun Yujia asked.
What he asked, what the people wanted.
Liu Fan walked down from the main seat and paced down the aisle.
After careful consideration, Liu Fan said: "There are basically three types of reforms, the law of the people, the law of the military, and the law of government."
The change is significant, and it is slowly being figured out.
Although it is said that serious illness is a strong medicine, but if the medicine is too strong, it will backfire.
Shang Yang also went through two changes, at this time the politics of the Han Dynasty was too dark, eunuchs, relatives, families, warlords, rebellions.
If the first change is successful, you can accumulate thicker wings and make the next change.
If we fail to succeed even the first time, it will be futile to reform the system.
"Natural and man-made disasters have led to overwhelmed taxes, poll tax, field tax, labor, land rent and other taxes have ruined hundreds of people's families, and those who have no way out have begged for their lives from thieves. Land annexation makes the rich richer and the poor poorer. The rich became the powerful, enslaved the tenant farmers, and became a cancer on the state. Last year, I began to implement Tuntian, and quite effective, I think it can be promoted throughout the country, Mintun, Juntun, Shangtun can be. Although the poll tax makes the income of the imperial court high, it is extremely unfair to the people, and in the long run, it can only increase the gap between the rich and the poor. ”
Liu Fan decided to temporarily try out the "one whip law" proposed by Zhang Juzheng, the prime minister of the Ming Dynasty, that is, to combine the land endowments, forced labor, and other miscellaneous levies of various prefectures, counties, and counties into one article, and collect money and property together, and pay them according to the mu, which greatly simplified the collection procedures and made it difficult for local officials to cheat. By implementing this method, the landless peasants can be relieved of the burden of servitude, and the peasants who have land can spend more time cultivating the land.
In this way, the time required to alleviate the tuntian is relieved. In this era, Liu Fan simply had no ability to prohibit the sale of land, so he had to wait for the law to stabilize people's livelihood before implementing other strategies.
However, Liu Fan was a little worried, that is, the beautiful original intention of "a whip law" ended in tragedy, just like in history.
"Ten permanent servants are in chaos, fathers, brothers and sons are in the county of Bretzhou, where they are greedy and harmful; If it weren't for the queen, he would still kill pigs and dogs at home, these are all illiterate people, but they live in a high hall, making the people kneel and worship, they don't know what to take from the people and use it for the people? Instead, they looted the people's fat and people's ointment. Attributed to its reason, this is the drawback of the probation system, countless ignorant and ignorant, ambitious and talented people rely on clan power to raise filial piety, this is more than virtuous, and eunuchs and relatives are no different. I would like to recommend Your Majesty to abolish the probationary system, and in the selection of civil officials, to elect officials by such examinations as outspoken, virtuous and upright, erudite and macro-minded, talented and well-mannered, and Wuzu Anbian, I call them imperial examinations. There are many talents in the family, and I believe that there are many talents in the poor family. If it is not as good as the first, even if it is a disciple of a wealthy family, it is not used. The big waves washed the sand, replacing the eunuchs' henchmen with shrewd and strong people, and blocking the eunuchs' power from the imperial examination. ”
In the world, there is never fairness and equality. Where there are people, there are rivers and lakes.
Even if you open a department, you can't be fair and just, and there are countless people who are cute. Most people are lifelong in the first place.
On the stage of history, there will always be some special people to inspire another group of people.
The nature of the imperial examination is similar to that of the college entrance examination in later generations.
The imperial examination can break the monopoly of political rights on the wealthy families, and all talents in the Han Dynasty may be selected. In later generations, many ordinary people who could not be recommended for university qualifications because of their background and status could only change their fate through the college entrance examination.
In the same way, their gains and losses do not only affect one person, but also relatives, friends, and hometowns.
"I don't hear anything outside the window, and I only read the books of the sages." "Ten years of hard work." "The head hangs over the beam, and the taper spines the strands."
The imperial examination and the college entrance examination seem to be like a double-edged sword, getting up early and greedy late every day, which is full of hope and pain.
If there is a wise monarch, if there is a virtuous minister, the college entrance examination will be fair and just, otherwise it will be discouraged.
Although the imperial examination will lead to an atmosphere of clinging to the competition, it can play a role in inhibiting the progress of the gate valve and rewarding the poor. Don't let the situation of "the upper grade has no cold door, and the lower grade is the scholar" again.
If you want to "open the peace of eternity", the emergence of the imperial examination is indispensable.
"The military can also be reformed accordingly. My idea is to set up a fourth-class eighteenth-level military merit leaf. The military leaf is a willow leaf-like item of iron, copper, silver, gold and other willow leaves made by a blacksmith, and we call it a military rank. There are a total of six iron leaves, and if the military merits are enough, you can decorate six iron leaves on the battle armor; Six iron leaves, and then meritorious service, will be promoted to one copper leaf, and there are five copper leaves; After five copper leaves, it was promoted to a silver leaf; There are four silver leaves, and after four silver leaves, they will be promoted to one gold leaf. There are three pieces of gold leaf. Military ranks do not belong to official positions, but to honors. It can spur the soldiers and boost the morale of the soldiers. Let the soldiers yearn for the unique glory of shoulder-to-shoulder silver leaf and even gold leaf reunion. ”
Liu Fan said the last reform of the military system.
The first two items are difficult to implement, but this military reform is very easy. Because in this regard, Liu Fan did not point his sword at the warlords of various states and counties.
At this time, disarmament is to persecute them to a dead end, and it is not advisable. The Rebellion of the Seven Kings is an example.
The military rank system is different from the Qin Dynasty's military merit award.
Military merit lords attach too much importance to the number of enemy commanders, which is very likely to lead to the occurrence of a situation of killing good people and risking merit and corrupting military discipline.
It is easy to confer knighthoods on military merits, but it is also easy to lose titles due to the strict criminal law, and as a result, a large number of soldiers who are guilty and indebted will appear, affecting their combat effectiveness. The military merit system is also not fair and just, and ordinary soldiers cannot get a high lord above the public seat.
The awarding of knighthoods on military merits is very likely to lead to the emergence of tyranny, because the military merit knighthood system emphasizes the amount of martial arts and determines the title, which leads to the recklessness of military force, the rampant of martial artists, and the country cannot move towards civil rule, and tyranny appears.
After Liu Fan finished speaking, he returned to the main seat to see their reactions.
Loyal ministers, not all of them are upright people, most of them are from the Shi clan, and Liu Fan's articles will inevitably infringe on the interests of the Shi clan.