Section 137 The Battle of Tongzhou
Liang Kentang is a Han man, in the years of Chengping, he can be the governor of Zhili, not by military merits, but by climbing up step by step, this kind of person may not do anything, but he is absolutely long-sleeved and good at dancing, he has no great achievements, but he never makes big mistakes, in short, he is a good man, there is no harm, and there is no talent.
Such a person is actually very unlucky to have such a thing.
Qianlong gave another strict order, which made him a little overwhelmed.
Seeing today's war situation, he couldn't sleep well, and played overnight, asking the imperial court to transfer the Northeast Eight Banners and the Mongolian Eight Banners into the customs.
He felt that the border army was more trustworthy.
He knew exactly what those people in Jingying were like.
However, in order to avoid his own responsibility, he also had to severely punish a group of officials, the civil officials in Tianjin had already been escorted to Beijing, but the officers in the Beijing camp were not easy to deal with, fortunately Qianlong sent the Qin Mission, after he discussed with the Qin Mission, he directly locked up a group of officers such as the Beijing Guardian Military Academy, Lan Lingchang, and the captain, but none of the escort officers moved, let alone the presidential ministers who were filled by the powerful.
At the same time, the soldiers of the Northeast Eight Banners who retreated from the battle were not punished, but a group of people were commended, military discipline was strictly enforced, and meritorious deeds were rewarded and punished.
There are more than 40,000 troops in Tongzhou, and they are mainly Eight Banner soldiers, including 10,000 of the Eight Banners, 6,000 of the Eight Banners of Mongolia, 13,000 of the Eight Banners of the Han Dynasty, and the others are all local green battalions that retreated along the way, but there was a flight at night, and there were hundreds of Eight Banner soldiers, which made Liang Kentang feel more and more hopeless.
In the tenth year of Qianlong (1745), Shanhaiguan and Zhangjiakou garrisoned the Eight Banners, and there were more than 250 cases of fleeing within a year. To this end, the imperial court also formulated the "Flag Escape Law" to punish the fledgling of flag bearers, and promulgated regulations to punish officials who failed to supervise. Some of the fledgling bannermen will even join the local Heaven and Earth Society, the White Lotus Sect and other forces.
To put it bluntly, it is because of poverty, but most of them are stationed in the Eight Banners from other places, and the Beijing camp is relatively wealthy, and there have even been escapes.
When these Beijing soldiers first arrived, Liang Kentang was still quite confident, because the morale of the other party was high, and they were all happy.
In fact, what he didn't know was that these people thought they were here to make a fortune, but they ended up running into hard stubble.
The income of the soldiers of the Eight Banners Beijing Battalion should be said to be very considerable, a horse soldier can receive three taels of silver per month, and forty-six taels of rice per quarter, which is called money and grain. Moreover, the flag soldiers also have a large area of "flag land", and they do not need to pay the field tax, and the harvest is all distributed by the flag people.
But living in Beijing, the money is enough to live, but not rich enough, during the Qianlong period, the society was popular to compare, especially among the banner people, so one by one swollen face and fat people happened from time to time, and there were not a few people who were downtrodden to borrow.
After Jiaqing became pro-government, he was very worried about the embarrassment of the Eight Banners in the capital, and he thought that the reason for the embarrassment was mainly the degeneration of these banner people, and it was the atmosphere, and sighed: "The atmosphere is flourishing day by day, and the food and clothing are all competing for beauty and freshness, without moderation." so that the use of a few days is not used up in one day; The support of several people, exhausted in one. Or even to drink and go to the theater, to wander and gamble, to buy money, to spend as much as he wants, without regard for his wealth, and to worry about the future, is he not self-inflicted on himself?"
To put it bluntly, it is the hardcore crops that spoil these people, and as for what later generations think does not allow the banner people to engage in other industries, it is not the main thing, because even if they are allowed to engage in other industries, no one wants to go.
Jiaqing later planned to move all the people of the Jingshi Banner back to the northeast, calling it the relocation of the Jingqi Reclamation, and there was enough black soil in the Northeast for these bannermen to cultivate, and it was not a problem for everyone to be a landlord, but no one went. In the middle of Qianlong, he planned to relocate 3,000 households in Beijing to Shuangcheng County, Heilongjiang Province, but only after he broke his lips did he say that he would move 2,000 households, and in the next four years, almost all of them ran back to Beijing, and the reclaimed land was occupied by the Han people.
Moreover, let them relocate, not really ask them to farm, but let them become landlords. The government built them houses, bought land, and even provided livestock, farm tools, and seeds, and hired long-term laborers for them, but they fled to Beijing, to put it bluntly, they were used to enjoying happiness and waste, and they didn't want to go anywhere or do anything.
It is better to fight a war than the lord of the land, and to count on these people, I am afraid that I can't count on it.
The reason why they were enthusiastic at the beginning was because once they went out on the expedition, they had an extra allowance, called "Xingliang", and they thought that they could get subsidies and improve their embarrassing lives, but who knew that the other party was a hard stubble, and they really dared to kill people!
Gather in private, muttering a few times, the gentleman is expensive, how can he give a name here, anyway, this is close to Beijing, but there is no entanglement, and the hungry stomach also ran back, the law does not blame the public, many people have the same opinion, just look at Confucius, and run away.
Zhou Lang's army crossed the Bali Bridge and continued to march towards Tongzhou, not knowing these conditions, but just acting in an orderly manner according to their own steps.
When I arrived in Tongzhou, I found a strange phenomenon, the four gates of Tongzhou were closed, which is normal, but some of the original camps outside the city were all destroyed, which is strange, how can there be a way of smashing their own camps, taking everyone into the city, giving up all the peripheral defenses, and not even echoing, will this commander fight?
Zhou Lang felt that it was the level of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, so he should also know what kind of character array and the like, what kind of tactics is this use of a lonely city to defend against the enemy!
But since the other party has sealed himself, there is nothing to say, just attack directly.
The east side of Tongzhou is close to the river, and Zhou Lang attacked from the west and south, leaving the other party to flee in the north.
It was not difficult for the main artillery to deal with a county town like Tongzhou, and the 12-pounder infantry gun had a good offensive power.
It just takes time.
From the morning until the afternoon, the southern wall was blasted open, and Ma Dalei led the battalion to attack the fortifications, and he had horsemen in his hands, a total of three thousand, which were Indian horses bought from the East India Company at a high price. In fact, they captured a batch of Qing army war horses in Fujian, and found that in addition to the officers' mounts, the war horses of ordinary horsemen were very thin. This is a strange thing, because the Manchu Qing Dynasty was not the Song Dynasty, and there was no shortage of places to raise horses. As a result, through the interrogation of the captives, it became clear that the soldiers liked to pick those thin horses, because they had less to eat, and they could have horse food left.
Ma Dalei's horse team composed of 3,000 Indian horses has always been training and training, and it has never been useful, because the mountains of Fujian cannot provide them with space to gallop, and as the main force of the commander's camp, they don't need to do work such as sentry scouts, so they can only train.
In terms of equipment, in addition to equipping carbines, mainly cold weapons, equipped with carbines and scimitars, are using the British dragoon system, and later the Dutch thought that it was not as good as the French cuirassiers, so they created a cuirass for each person, the cuirass was quite heavy, if it weren't for the marshal battalion soldiers were selected according to the standards of grenadiers, they really couldn't carry it.
These large soldiers, who are generally about 1.7 meters tall, with Indian horses, are quite eye-catching in the era of an average height of 1.6 meters.
They have asked for help many times, and this Northern Expedition is indeed an opportunity for them to perform, but Zhou Lang did not give them a chance, and now the time has come, they will cover the infantry to storm the gap in the city wall, occupy the foothold with speed, and then the main infantry will seize the gap, and then the army will follow up and seize Tongzhou.
This requires a small number of troops, but cavalry with cuirass is more survivable.
The cavalry did not refuse this work, which was obviously not suitable for the cavalry to do, and rode straight to the gap next to the city gate of the south wall, desperately repelled the Qing army, which was far outnumbered by them, and then waited until the infantry kept up and occupied the gap, and their losses were not heavy.
If it was the infantry who charged, the bows and arrows of the Qing army that had just hid behind the city wall would definitely have caused them a lot of damage.
They were not needed for the subsequent street fighting, they were ordered to retreat and assemble, and then go to the northwest of Tongzhou to lurk.
Their task was to impact the fleeing Qing army as much as possible, and did not require them to chase them to the north.
Zhou Lang's prediction was right, the city of Tongzhou was broken, and as soon as he entered the southern city, the defenders of Tongzhou began to flee in a large area.
The soldiers guarding the gate ran first, followed by those behind, and the soldiers in front fled backwards, unable to catch up with the fleeing friendly forces all the way.
The defenders of the Tongzhou County Government resisted a little, but they were also taken away by the officers, and the governor Liang Kentang committed suicide in the County Office.
Zhou Lang's army crossed the north and south streets of Tongzhou, and did not stop, but continued to chase to the north of the city, where is there a formed Qing army, the ambushed cuirassiers are not even useful, they are to prevent the Qing army from retreating in formation, where is the retreat now, it is simply a rout.
After a few battles, the army killed and wounded a total of one or two thousand Qing troops, but the results of the pursuit were as high as tens of thousands, and more than 2,000 were captured, more than half of which were Eight Banner soldiers.
Such an inexplicable battle, turned out to be the important Battle of Tongzhou, through such a battle to open the door to Beijing, people feel that there is nothing to boast about, no wonder Napoleon III gave the French commander who commanded the Battle of Bali Bridge the title of Count of Bali Bridge, the French were very dissatisfied.
This kind of small scene really doesn't deserve the title of a duke.
After that, he rested in Tongzhou on the spot, and at the same time sent people to check to see if he could repair the gate damaged by the Qing army, otherwise starting from Tongzhou, the baggage would have to be taken by land.
The subordinate generals were in a hurry to attack Beijing, and they also asked Ying to be the striker, and attacking the enemy Beijing had a fatal temptation for the generals. put forward all kinds of reasons, asking Zhou Lang to send troops immediately, what is delayed for a long time, the enemy will be prepared, and if it is delayed for a long time, the enemy will have reinforcements, and so on.
Zhou Lang was unmoved, he loves to fight dignified battles, whether the other party does well or not seems to have nothing to do with him, the first thing he has to do is always do his best first.