China has a long history, and there are many cities that have been the capitals of various dynasties in its 5,000-year history, among which Kaifeng, which is located in Zhongzhou, is the most miserable.

Kaifeng, known as Laoqiu, Daliang, Chenliu, Bianzhou, Tokyo, Bianjing, Bianliang, etc., Kaifeng has more than 4,000 years of history of building the city and the history of the capital, successively has the Xia Dynasty, the Wei State during the Warring States Period, the Later Liang, the Later Jin, the Later Han, the Later Zhou, the Song Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty and so on have successively set the capital here, known as the ancient capital of the Eight Dynasties.

But compared with other ancient capitals, the fate of Kaifeng is tortuous, as Xi'an, which is older than Kaifeng, Nanjing, which is geographically located, and Beijing, the capital of the Ming Dynasty, these cities are not Kaifeng's life. Xi'an was slaughtered by Li Zicheng in history, Nanjing was slaughtered by the Japanese during the War of Resistance against Japan, Beijing was not captured at all, the foreign enemy came to Kaecheng and surrendered, but Kaifeng was slaughtered several times in history, the more famous is the Jin Dynasty occupied Kaifeng and slaughtered the city, at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng flooded Kaifeng and slaughtered the city, and the Japanese slaughtered the city in the War of Resistance against Japan.

Among them, it is not bad for the foreigners to come to Kaifeng, but they only kill some rebels, and only the Han people themselves engage in those cruel methods of killing the whole city.

During the war at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng captured Luoyang in February of the 14th year of Chongzhen, and was ready to capture Kaifeng, the capital of Henan Province, but this battle was fought for more than a year, and Li Zicheng even lost an eye under the city of Kaifeng, and did not take the ancient capital of the Eight Dynasties.

Li Zicheng began to attack Kaifeng in February of the 14th year of Chongzhen, and fought until May of the 15th year of Chongzhen, and there was no way to break through the city wall after attacking the city three times. Li Zicheng had no choice but to order people to dig a levee in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, intending to collapse the city wall with water. However, these peasant armies were all grass platform teams, and they did not know astronomy and geography at all, and May was the dry season of the Yellow River, and the amount of water was not enough to soak the city walls, but it had a great impact on the peasant army besieging the city outside the city.

On September 15, the night of the Yellow River, heavy rain fell in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the water level of the Yellow River soared, and the city of Kaifeng became a Ze country. The city wall was soaked and there was no food in the city, and the strong Kaifeng city wall was finally broken by the peasant army. Li Zicheng, who lost an eye under Kaifeng City, gave an order at that time, "When the city is broken, no one will be left." The population of more than 500,000 in the most prosperous city of Kaifeng City, after the war at the end of the Ming Dynasty, there were more than 300,000 left, and these people were all killed by Li Zicheng, and there were only thousands of monks and Taoists left in the city.

It is now the eleventh year of Shenwu, twenty years have passed since the slaughter of Kaifeng, after these years and the end of the war, Kaifeng has finally gathered some popularity, and now there are less than 100,000 people in the whole city of Kaifeng, most of them are still displaced people from the northern provinces to the south.

After Zhu Yuan crossed the Yellow River, he entered Kaifeng from Fengqiu Gate, accompanied by Xue Tian of Kaifeng Prefecture. Before coming to Kaifeng City, Zhu Yuan could not see the original city, nearly 20 years of floods, a large amount of sediment in the Yellow River has been buried in Kaifeng underground, only some city gates and tall buildings in the city can make people realize that this was a city before.

Xue Tian pointed to the craftsmen who were working not far away and said: "Lord Qincha, the previous Kaifeng was completely buried under five or six meters of sediment, and it was too time-consuming and laborious to clean it up by manpower, so the governor asked His Majesty the Emperor to decide to rebuild Kaifeng Mansion on the site of the original Kaifeng!" ”

The craftsman of the Fengqiu Gate saw the scepter representing the emperor coming

When you get to the door, quickly stop the work in your hand and kneel and kowtow. Zhu Yuan didn't want to say anything, nodded and walked into the city with Xue Tian.

Now Kaifeng City has been renovated for five or six years, the governor of the north city has been rebuilt, some ordinary houses are being built, the renovated road is on both sides of the newly opened shops, and the merchants from Jiangnan and Guangdong are selling some strange items.

The post station in Kaifeng City is located in Beicheng, not far from the governor's yamen, and according to the plan, Zhu Yuan will live in the post station. Zhu Yuan came to the door of the post station and looked at it, and said to Xue Tian beside him: "Governor Xue, where is the Zhou Wangfu?" ”

Xue Tian was stunned for a moment, not knowing what Zhu Yuan meant, so he had to tell the truth: "King Zhou's Mansion is not far away!" ”

Zhu Yuan nodded and said, "Okay, this king will go and see it first!" ”

Kaifeng Mansion was the fief of King Zhou in the former Ming Dynasty, and the first King of Zhou was the fifth son of Zhu Yuanzhang and the only sibling brother of Zhu Di. Zhu Yuanzhang was not thin on his son, and sealed it in Kaifeng after Zhu Lu became an adult, and built a large-scale palace for his son on the foundation of the original Song Dynasty palace.

This Zhu Hu is an unlucky child, after Zhu Yuanzhang's death, Zhu Yunwen ascended to the throne, the first thing was naturally to cut the domain, the power of King Zhou is not strong, it is still under the eyelids, and the prince who is still Zhu Di's younger brother naturally became the first to clean up, Zhu Yunwen quickly found a reason to abolish his uncle as a concubine.

After Zhu Dijing succeeded, Zhu Hu originally thought that he would come to work, but he didn't expect that someone would sue him for rebellion. In February of the nineteenth year of Yongle, Zhu Hu was summoned to the capital, and Zhu Di told him about it, and Zhu Hu "apologized for the death penalty", but Zhu Hu was Zhu Di's younger brother after all, and Zhu Di did not clean him up ruthlessly, but did not pursue it. After Zhu Hu returned to the feudal country in fear, he took the initiative to return his prince Sanwei to the court.

However, the thirteenth Zhou King Zhu Gongqi is different from his ancestor Zhu Xuan, and Zhu Gongqi is probably the most promising of all the clans in the late Ming Dynasty. When Li Zicheng besieged the city, Zhu Gongfang was different from the miser big fat man Fu Wang, Zhu Gongfang took out all the gold and silver in the palace and sent it to the soldiers defending the city, saying that killing a thief soldier would reward an ingot, and also ordered the king of the city to do the same, so Kaifeng was able to hold out for a year and a half under the siege of Li Zicheng's million-strong army.

After Zhu Gongfang's death, several of his sons died, several sons died at the hands of the peasant army, and two sons took refuge in the Manchu Qing Dynasty and were killed by the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and only one grandson ran to Guangzhou with the displaced people, took refuge in Zhu Hongsan, and lived with good luck until now.

Zhu Gongyu's grandson wrote to Beijing every day, asking the emperor to let him inherit the title of King of Zhou and prepare to return to Kaifeng to become a vassal. But Zhu Hongsan didn't want to continue raising these parasites at all, so he removed the titles of the few sects and let them find their own jobs.

Zhu Yuan's purpose of wanting to go to see the Zhou Wangfu is to live there, the scale of the post station is too small, and it can't accommodate the more than 700 people brought by Zhu Yuan, so those guards will have to live outside, so how can Zhu Yuan be at ease, so Zhu Yuan wants to go to see the Zhou Wangfu, and if the conditions are possible, he will live there.

Xue Tian took Zhu Yuan to the Zhou Wangfu in Kaifeng City, and Zhu Yuan was dumbfounded when he saw the Zhou Wangfu like this. Zhou Wangfu

It covers a large area, and you can see the prosperity of the year from the broken bricks and tiles. But Li Zicheng's peasant army entered the city and the first thing to grab was the Zhou Palace, and after the incident, they set a fire to it cleanly, coupled with the continuous siltation of the Yellow River in the past 20 years, the entire Zhou Palace, except for those majestic halls, can still see the roof, all of which were buried under the sediment.

Zhu Yuan looked around the palace, it was impossible to stay here, Zhu Yuan couldn't ask, "Governor Xue, where is your Kaifeng Mansion?" Take this king to see it! ”

Xue Tian didn't know what Zhu Yuan meant, he didn't rest after a long journey into the city, why did he look east and west, but Xue Tian had no choice but to take Zhu Yuan to Kaifeng Mansion again.

The former Kaifeng Mansion was built on the original site of the Song Dynasty* Kaifeng Mansion, and the rebuilt Kaifeng Mansion was also on the original site.

The specifications of the Ming Dynasty's government are almost the same, all of them are a central axis from south to north, and there are buildings such as Zhaobi, Gate, Yimen, Lobby, Yingong Gate, Second Hall, Third Hall, and Inner House in turn.

Zhu Yuan looked at the main gate that had just been repaired, with the plaque of the Kaifeng Mansion hanging on it, and walked in to the second main gate of the mansion, also known as the Yi Gate, the instrument gate is three rooms wide, two rooms deep, and a single eaves hard mountain gray tile roof. This door is usually not opened, there are side doors on both sides, and the east side is called "human door", which is the door where people often enter and exit; The west side is called the "Ghost Gate", and only after the condemned prisoner is sentenced, he is pulled out from the west gate for execution.

Further inside is the lobby, where the prefect works every day. The lobby is five rooms wide, three rooms deep, a single eaves hard hilltop, and there is a roll shed in front, all built on the high platform, which is the center of the entire prefect's yamen. In the center of the lobby, a warm pavilion is set up, and the prefect's official case is set up, and the east and west sides are respectively the hall office and the recruitment room. Also known as the "Gonglian Hall", it is the place where the prefect reads edicts, receives officials at all levels, holds major ceremonies, and hears cases in public.

The two sides in front of the lobby were originally "three classes and six rooms", which were the places where the officials in the yamen did their jobs. The three shifts, namely the soap, strong and fast three shifts, are all government servants. The six rooms, that is, the six rooms of officials, households, rites, soldiers, criminals, and workers, are the functional offices of the government office. Zhu Hongsan divided the central ministries and commissions into 13 ministries according to their functions, but the localities have not been changed, and they are still set according to the old way.

The lobby courtyard formed by the instrument gate, the lobby and the six rooms is the first courtyard on the central axis, and is called the "outer office". This is the place where the prefect exercises power, and it is also the place where the functional organs of the yamen do their work. After going around to the lobby, a narrow east-west passage divides the government into two parts, the front and back. In the middle of this passageway, directly opposite the back entrance of the lobby, there is a "Yin Gong Gate" that connects the front and back courtyards, which means a gate that respectfully welcomes guests.

After the Yin Gong door is the second hall, the second hall is five rooms wide, three rooms deep, the single eaves hard mountain gray tile roof, the scale is second only to the lobby. This is the prefect's pre-trial case, as well as the place to retreat and rest during the trial, so it is also called "Si Bu Tang", "Si" and "Bu" both have the meaning of deep thought.

Behind the second hall is the third hall, which is the secret place of the prefect, where you can meet some friends and take bribes every day. The structure of the three halls is obviously different from the lobby and the second hall. The interior of the three halls is divided into a bright room, a reception room, a living room, and a dressing room through a lattice fan, and the furnishings are relatively luxurious and elegant, and it is a place for the prefect to receive people close to him and discuss political affairs. (https:)

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