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After the establishment of the Eighteen-Nation Alliance, it began to deploy defenses layer by layer, but it left precious time for the Qing Dynasty to stabilize its rule (law and order warfare) in Russia, centered on the westward city (former Moscow).

When the coalition was first formed, some Russian representatives proposed that everyone immediately organize a 5 million elite European troops to fight back to Moscow and recover the national capital.

As soon as the Russian delegate made this proposal, the French delegate laughed and asked: What if the Qing army is fought until winter? If the Qing army gives up Moscow's great stride and retreats, will our five million army chase or not? Where to find the winter clothes and winter houses and firewood? We don't want to be Napoleon's second, you know it's cold in the winter. At the beginning of spring, the land is muddy, and the roads are difficult to walk, do you know?

As soon as you hear it, this Frenchman is really the words of the old man who seeks the country. yes, it's too cold on the Russian side. Let's play near our homes. Except for a few countries bordering Russia, which have ulterior motives to send troops into Russia, the troops of other countries rarely leave their homes far from their homes. The only one that ran far was Ireland, where the British fleet reinforced the Irish army to the Dutch and deployed it on the Dutch border to defend against the Qing invasion.

A year after the establishment of the Eighteen-Nation Alliance, although there were also reconnaissance units that penetrated into Russia to make contact with the Qing army, in general, the losses brought to the Qing army in the first three years of the establishment of the Eighteen-Nation Alliance were not as great as the losses caused by the Qing army itself.

Alexander II in St. Petersburg has been clamoring to recover Moscow and fight back to Asia and establish Yellow Russia, but unfortunately, the current coalition army and most of the country's troops have not listened to the command of this idiot tsar, Alexander II is synonymous with shame and stupidity in Europe now, five million troops let the Qing army destroy one million people in a few months, of which four million troops only resisted for three days under the city of Moscow, even four million pigs can not be caught in three days.

In the vast Russian land, after the Qing army's Eight Banners enclosed various fields, it was found that the Eight Banners in their early millions could not be sown at all, and they could not be sown by exhaustion -- the same is true of land and women. As a result, in the letters of the Qing army brought back by the Japanese airships to the rear, the keywords of many girls, wide land, and speed came became the mainstream.

Stacks of letters were written, but three years after the name of the city was changed to the west, the bannermen were only in their early two millions. There are not so many flags in the country, and the second is that there are only a few people who are willing to come to this bitter cold place in the north to suffer from the cold after all, and most of them are northerners. Xianfeng was so angry that he ordered that all the domestic yellow and red belts that were not on the northeast front be transferred to the west and into the city -- there were hundreds of thousands of yellow and red belts and their family members and slaves alone. In this way, the west into the city barely gained some popularity.

On the contrary, the transfer of military rations, transportation and supplies to the Qing army, as well as the purchase of personal property in the hands of the Qing army, made the Japanese Chamber of Commerce and the Jin and Shaanxi merchants in the northwest rich. A horse has to eat more than 20 catties of coarse grain and forage and bean feed a day, and a soldier still has to have a pound and a half of grain a day.

Among the more than one million troops of Xianfeng's westward expedition, there were more than 600,000 mules and horses, and some could be collected along the way, but for the more than one million troops of the westward expedition and more than 600,000 mules and horses, the little materials collected were really a drop in the bucket, and on the way to Russia, Tymoshenko's army was also plagued again, leaving even less for the Qing army to grab.

If it weren't for the Jin merchants and Shaanxi merchants to raise materials, and the high-speed and low-loss transfer of the Japanese airboat troops, this westward expedition would be a dream, and it is estimated that after more than a thousand miles, Xianfeng would have to learn from the two ancestors to shoot rabbits in the northwest to serve as military food for the army.

After the Chinese New Year in 1860, a remarkable event broke out in China, that is, the ten southern provinces plus the northern Lu, Henan, Jin, Shaanxi, and Sichuan, a total of 15 provinces, jointly declared the abolition of the old imperial examination in the province. The authority of local personnel is in the hands of the governor.

The official statement is that the officials are comprehensively commercialized, and Song Haiping has also made great efforts in this.

After the unification of the fifteen provinces, the donation officials appointed by the imperial court and the second list of Jinshi Tiger Grouper could not be officials in the fifteen provinces. Now after the reform of these fifteen provinces, how to become an official, it is simple, just donate a sum of military expenses to the local governor.

According to the amount of donated silver, the official positions and official uniforms ranging from the first grade to the ninth grade are granted, which is only a donation of an official body, which is the basis for being an official, and can also be regarded as a privilege that does not kneel when seeing an official and goes out with a personal weapon. If you really want to be an official, although you don't need to donate the real shortage, but it's almost the same, according to the size of the official position you want to actually do, you need to pay a deposit in Nissin Bank, this deposit is less than 100,000 taels, more than 10 million taels, generally speaking, the deposit of a medium-sized county is 1 million taels of silver, and the government of a medium-sized prefecture also needs a deposit of 5 million taels of silver.

This deposit is to prevent the local officials from exploiting the local area too much and causing a civil uprising, and if the local people are unstable, the deposit handed over by the local officials to the Nissin Bank will be frozen and confiscated for counterinsurgency. After the counterinsurgency is completed, these magistrates will need to be accompanied by the rebels, according to the losses caused by the rebels. If the deposit has not been used up by this time, the remaining part can be returned to the former magistrate - it does not matter if he still wants to be an official, the deposit is made up.

The deposits for all localities and official posts are not fixed, but they go with the market -- in a word, after the reform, you have to be an official to be rich, and if you don't have money, you should not become an official, and how much money you can be an official. In this way, even if the magistrate plays the local area badly, the government will not lose money in the end. It is not necessary to need so much cash, you can use land and family property as security, and even the ticket number of a well-known domestic big business can also be used as a guarantee.

Before the implementation of this reform policy, Song Haiping said a sentence that touched the governors: "For the old-fashioned scholars who want to be officials, they can make money first and then become officials, you can't even make money as an official, how can I believe that you have the ability to develop the local economy." For those who loot and provoke civil unrest, how can they be counted after cutting off their heads, and the military expenses will have to be compensated.

Moreover, how can old-style scholars not make money, Qiao Zhiyong is also an old-time scholar, and now he has a net worth of tens of millions of silver taels after several years of operation, I think there is no problem in being a prefect of a high-class government. Qiao Zhiyong did it, they couldn't do it, so whose fault was it? ”

Rich families from all over the country have become officials, and poor scholars have collectively gone to the capital to sue the emperor, and when they arrived in the capital, they were immediately caught on the airboat that was transported to the west into the city - Lord Xianfeng had already laid a lot of territory for you in Europa, and he was waiting for you to become officials, and there was no need for a deposit or anything.

In fact, the officials of these old-fashioned scholars were nothing more than petty officials such as village chiefs and village teachers—and all the places that the Qing army could reach in Russia were Russian widows' villages. Some of the locals themselves ran away, and most of them were rich and powerful nobles - but many did not make it out of Moscow alive, and the rest were recruited by the Russian defense forces before the war, and almost all of them drank too much and hung up outside Moscow. Then there was the Qing army's 100-day massacre, how could a small Moscow be enough to grab a hundred days, and the nearby villages and towns were naturally included in the 100-day sealing plan.

Ps. chasing more children's shoes, are there any free appreciation tickets and starting coins~ The countdown to the 515 red envelope list is over, I'll pull a ticket, ask for an increase and appreciation vote, and finally rush a handful!