Chapter 160: Pre-War Army Reform
The holiday season is always short-lived, and after Christmas, the people of Europe are busy again.
As time passed, the clouds of war loomed over Europe.
At the beginning of January, Germany adjusted their troop structure, and the original three major army groups of the center, south, and north were abolished and replaced by five major army groups A, B, C, D, and E, of which Army Group A and Army Group C were deployed on the German-Polish border, and Army Group A had jurisdiction over the first, third, and fourth armies, with a total number of 432,000 troops, and all the troops were fully equipped, making it the most powerful group army in the entire Wehrmacht.
Army Group C has a total of 192,000 men under the command of the Fifth and Eleventh Army Groups, of which only the Fifth Army is fully manned, while the three armies under the jurisdiction of the Eleventh Army each have only one light infantry division.
Army Group B and Army Group D were deployed on the German-French-Swedish border.
Army Group B has under the jurisdiction of the second, seventh, and ninth armies, with a total number of 240,000 troops, of which only the second army is fully equipped, and the seventh and ninth armies, like the eleventh armies, have only three divisions in each group army.
Army Group D was under the jurisdiction of the Eighth Army and the Tenth Army, with a total of 144,000 men, and neither the Eighth and Tenth Armies were fully manned.
The Eighth Army had only five infantry divisions and one armored division, while the Tenth Army had only three infantry divisions.
Army Group E was the weakest army group in Germany on the German-Danish border, with the Sixth and Twelfth armies under their command combined consisting of only six infantry divisions totaling 96,000 men.
However, given that Army Group E was the hypothetical enemy of the Danish army (there were only three infantry divisions in the whole country combined), more than 90,000 men were enough.
The Air Force, for its part, has nothing to regroup, and now has 4,000 ME109 fighters of various models, of which 2,800 are the latest ME109K.
In addition to the ME109, Germany has also developed and equipped a completely new fighter jet, the F190.
The F190 is different from the ME109 in that it is a high-altitude and high-speed fighter with poor grappling performance.
However, it was not developed to "dogfight" the enemy, but to use high-altitude and high-speed performance and powerful firepower to attack enemy bomber formations.
If you have to fight with the enemy fighters, you need to avoid getting entangled with the enemy fighters as much as possible, but make good use of your excellent high-altitude and high-speed ability to occupy the high altitude, and suddenly dive at high speed when the enemy plane does not react, and give the enemy plane a fatal blow.
However, the F190 German army is not very many, there are less than 800 aircraft. The reason why there is so little equipment is because the German air force's strategy is mainly offensive and requires a large number of fighters with excellent "dogfight" performance, and second, because the German army has recently been testing a more powerful aircraft - TA152.
TA152 is also a high-altitude high-speed fighter, but its low-altitude dogfight ability is also very strong (see the history of TA152 in the treetops to kill the "Tempest" fighter), and after Lyon's physical requirements, this life of TA152 also strengthened the fuel carrying capacity, after adding the auxiliary fuel tank can reach a terrifying range of 2600 kilometers, which makes its air combat quite strong, is one of the main models of the Luftwaffe in the future.
After talking about the Air Force, the next thing is the Navy.
After Lyon established a naval base with Finland, Germany separated a small number of warships from the High Seas Fleet and formed a new fleet, the German Northern Fleet.
Let's start with the current German High Seas Fleet.
The High Seas Fleet has a total of 6 aircraft carriers of 3 types, 4 battleships of 2 types, 15 heavy cruisers of 3 types, 15 light cruisers of 3 types, 62 Z-type destroyers and 115 U-boats.
The Northern Fleet had 1 heavy cruiser, 3 light cruisers and 7 Z-type destroyers.
Compared to the changes in the army and air force, the navy has not developed much, the only change is that the naval aviation unit has developed and equipped with completely new aircraft.
The fighter was changed from the ME109T, which was originally modified from the roadbed ME109, to the DO.38 fighter developed by Dornier specifically for aircraft carriers.
Compared to the ME109T, the DO.38 uses a high-horsepower engine and a large propeller to enhance performance, but this will have to lengthen the landing gear to avoid the large propeller scraping on the deck, but if the landing gear is lengthened, it will bring another problem - too long the landing gear will cause insufficient strength and easy to break when landing.
To solve this problem, the DO.38's wing adopted an inverted gull-wing layout similar to that of the JU87, which compensated for the landing gear length with an "inverted V" on the wing, which solved this problem.
Not only that, the DO.38 fighter with an inverted gull-wing layout also received a significant improvement in lift and pilot vision compared to the ME109T, which did not use it.
However, the most important thing to improve in naval aviation is not the fighter side, but dive bombers and torpedo attack aircraft.
During the Spanish Civil War, the German aircraft carrier forces lost a total of more than 40 JU87C dive bombers and more than 20 FI-167 torpedo attack aircraft, exposing many shortcomings.
The disadvantage of the JU87C is that it is modified from the roadbed, so the field of view during take-off and landing is very limited, which leads to the loss of more than half of all JU87Cs are non-battle damage.
The shortcomings of the FI-167 are even more deadly, as a biplane, it is destined to have low survivability, and even the dispensable anti-aircraft firepower of Spain can bring huge damage to the FI-167, not to mention the British Royal Navy it will face in the future.
Recognizing these shortcomings, the Germans immediately ordered the development of new dive bombers and torpedo attack aircraft specifically for aircraft carriers.
So while the DO.38 was massively equipped with German aircraft carriers, the two new fighters were also equipped with the Navy.
The new carrier-based attack aircraft, manufactured by Juncker and named the JU90, is not much different from the JU87C in terms of general appearance, with the same inverted gull-wing wing layout, and the changes compared to the JU87 are mainly focused on the landing gear and cockpit.
The new torpedo attack aircraft was developed by the Focke-Wolf Aircraft Factory, the manufacturer of the F190, and was designated the F200.
The F200 is similar in appearance and performance to the Japanese "Meteor" carrier-based torpedo attack aircraft.
The production process of the F200 is simple, and the main wing is the same as the DO.38. In order to improve its torpedo attack capability, Fokker Wolf also designed a unique double flap and aileron flap linkage to improve low-speed performance.
In terms of combat, it can not only take on torpedo attack missions, but also can carry part-time dive bombing missions, and because it has a fairly excellent aerodynamic shape, it can also fight enemy fighters when necessary, of course, this situation is difficult to occur.
In general, the Navy, although there have been no major changes in the number of ships, has made great progress in terms of the strength of naval aviation.