Chapter 673: Sevastopol Changed Hands
Originally, in the summer of last year, in the small town of Dayevpatoria, where the Crimean peninsula was landed, there were many plagues among the coalition forces, especially in the French barracks, where cholera was rampant, thousands of French soldiers were infected, and later, it spread to the British barracks. Pen % fun % Pavilion www.biquge.info
To this end, the British War Secretary Sidney. Herbert recruited paramedics in Britain, especially London, to go to the front line in Crimea to save the wounded. But he didn't expect that Nightingale, a well-known female nurse he valued, was invited away by the Orientals first, and in desperation, he could only send a dozen nurses from everywhere to the front line.
However, in this era, because most of the people who are engaged in the nursing profession are from the lowest level of society, more than half of them are serious alcoholics, and even sluts who behave shamefully, Herbert is not optimistic about what these people can do, and after screening, he sent a dozen nurses over to help the field doctors.
As the weather became hotter and the humid Mediterranean moisture blew over the Crimean peninsula, the main battlefield of Sevastopol was unusually hot and humid.
Some of the dead bodies that had not been landfilled quickly decomposed in the hot flashes, and as more and more mosquitoes and flies spread, the number of sick soldiers in the barracks began to increase.
Cholera, which had never been extinct, began to rise again from the British and French military camps, and broke out violently and uncontrollably.
Outside the fortress of Sevastopol, there is a lot of sewage flowing everywhere, and the onset of the rainy season washes the sewage everywhere and flows into the river next to it, which is the source of water in the barracks.
In addition to cholera, flies and mosquitoes bite the wounded soldiers lying in the camping depressions, causing their injured hands, feet, shoulders to begin to ulcerate and infect, and soldiers die every day.
If it weren't for the suppression by the commander, it is estimated that these low-level soldiers would have fled this nightmare place.
In May alone, more than 400 wounded and wounded British soldiers died in pain and wailing, and more than 2,000 of the more than 2,000 soldiers infected with cholera also died of disease.
France is even more serious. The French barracks were the source of cholera, and during the assembly in Constantinople, the promiscuity of the French soldiers infected them with syphilis, and by this time the outbreak began to erupt intensively, and in the whole month of May, more than 1,100 French soldiers died of disease! Due to the lack of a good treatment environment for the thousands of wounded French soldiers, most of the wounded soldiers were infected, and more than half of the wounded continued to deteriorate, and some of them continued to die of serious injuries, and more than 900 wounded of the French army died in a month.
The British Supreme Commander, Lord Raglan, also contracted cholera, and he was too old to endure the torture, and the soldiers were dying every day, and the rapid increase in the Russian army made him realize that it was impossible to capture the Sevastopol fortress. This was undoubtedly a great blow to him. Under this double blow of spirit and body, the following month, Lord Raglan died unknowingly after eating a large amount of opium at one time to relieve the pain.
London announced that Sir Simpson would succeed him as commander-in-chief of the British army, but he was helpless.
At this moment, General Escott, a British officer, came to report that an "English Hotel" had been set up two miles from the front line of the fort, ostensibly a restaurant and tavern, but in fact a hospital.
Sir Simpson hurriedly sent someone to investigate, and it turned out that the founder of the "English Hotel" was Mary. A British woman of black descent in Sico.
The name Mary. Sico, who had served as a medical service in the British colony of Jamaica for many years, had saved many British soldiers in the Americas. When she returned to London at the end of last year, she heard that there was a serious shortage of nurses in the Crimean battlefield, so she applied to the field logistics command and the military secretary to go to the battlefield to care for the wounded and sick. But unfortunately, because she was black, even though she claimed to have a lot of medical experience and treated many British soldiers, the London side, including the War Secretary Herbert, still did not approve her application.
In desperation, Mary. Sico raised a lot of money to buy a large amount of medicines, and traveled to the Crimean Peninsula, where he opened this "British Hotel" not far from the front line, and used the money earned by the hotel to provide free bandaging and treatment for many wounded Turkish soldiers.
Sir Simpson was still hesitating, but General Escott's words reassured him: "Sir, do you want to die of illness like Sir Raglan?" The paramedics in Great Britain are still on the road, and the mortality rate of the wounded soldiers is more than 40 percent, while the French and the Russians across now have dozens of paramedics, and their mortality rates are decreasing. Just because of that Mary. Siko's woman, the mortality rate of the wounded of Turkish soldiers is only five percent, and we can no longer treat soldiers' lives as child's play! ”
So, Sir Simpson personally intervened and brought Mary. Xike invited into the British military camp and let this kind black aunt treat the British wounded.
Mary. Si Ke led several assistants to live in the barracks, and under her centralized treatment, the situation of the British wounded soldiers quickly improved, and the number of wounded soldiers who died every day gradually decreased, but after all, she had limited energy and could not treat all the British wounded soldiers at the same time, and the wounded soldiers continued to die of infection.
Fortunately, a group of medical staff from London arrived, and Sir Simpson appointed Mary. Xi Ke is a medical officer, leading all the nursing staff to treat the wounded.
Under her organization, the situation of the wounded soldiers in Britain was effectively controlled, and the number of wounded soldiers killed became less and less. The wounded British soldiers affectionately called Mary. Xike is "Aunt Xike".
Sir Simpson was overjoyed, and hurriedly reported to London, asking for additional nursing staff to come as soon as possible, and asked Queen Victoria to be a member of Mary. West can ask for credit.
At the same time, in the Sevastopol fortress opposite, the wounded Russian soldiers were gradually controlled by the care of paramedics from all over Russia.
But unfortunately, due to the narrowness of the Russian camp, it was already crowded inside the fortress, and with the new reinforcements, it was even more dense. In the case of a cholera outbreak outside the city, tens of thousands of Russian troops inside the fortress soon became infected with cholera. The helpless Russian officers directly threw the corpses contaminated with cholera germs out of the city and handed them over to the coalition forces outside the city to deal with.
Although there are medical personnel on both sides, they can only treat the wounded, and in the face of the plague of cholera, they can only resign themselves to fate, can only be careful to prevent it, and for those who have already been infected, they can only rely on their own resistance.
At this time, on the battlefield of the Caucasus, the Russian army of 30,000 troops attacked Kars, and the Turkish commander Omar. Lutfipasha led the territorial army out of the Crimea and went to the Caucasus for support.
Seeing the departure of the allies and the suffering of cholera by the Anglo-French forces, the Anglo-French forces were driven crazy, and in desperation, they could only launch a fierce attack with concerted efforts. Sir Simpson and Emmabler. Let. Jacques. The commanders of both countries realized that this might be their last attack on the fortress of Sevastopol, because if they still could not take it, they would have to withdraw their troops from the plague.
It was the first time in history that the units were on the offensive at the same moment. Unexpectedly, the effect was surprisingly ideal. Although the British army was suppressed by Russian firepower and failed to capture Fort Svex, they attracted a large number of Russian troops in the fortress, allowing the French MacMahon division to successfully capture the fortress of Malakov.
The capture of the Malakoff fortress allowed the coalition artillery to cover the entire Sevastopol from the Malakoff fortress, and it was only a matter of time before the Russian army was defeated.
That night, the Russian army destroyed all the fortifications and systematically withdrew from Sevastopol with artillery and logistical facilities. Russian army commander Mikhail. Dmitrievich. Gorchakov was very depressed, he never thought that although the number of serf reinforcements of the Russian army was large, they all rushed to the front line with a musket, and without artillery, they could not hold this fortress at all.
Moreover, because of the arrival of these reinforcements, they quickly ran out of food stocks in the fortress without the slightest food, resulting in a shortage of food in Sevastopol not long after their arrival, and in desperation, he could only choose to give up on his own initiative.
However, he believes that the Russian army has achieved great success in the overall defensive battle of Sevastopol, and if it were not for the inferiority of its own side in terms of the number of artillery and the quality of weapons, the fortress of Sevastopol would not have been breached.
Although he retreated, he did not admit defeat, he immediately sent a letter to the emperor, requesting that a batch of food and munitions be sent to the central city of Simferopol on the Crimean Peninsula, he led the withdrawn 80,000 Russian troops to retreat without retreating, and stationed dozens of miles away from Sevastopol, and at the same time transferred 40,000 Russian troops in Kerch, preparing to use the numerical advantage of the army to prepare for a field encounter with the British and French forces.
At this time, the Anglo-French forces, who had captured the fortress of Sevastopol, began to diverge again. The French Emperor Napoleon III was ready to make peace as soon as he saw it, while the French army was suffering from cholera and wanted to leave Crimea as soon as possible. However, Britain was overjoyed by the victory, and a new batch of war materials arrived at the port of Sevastopol and insisted on continuing to fight, but without the support of the French army, the British army did not dare to rashly pursue the Russian army in the north, so this strange war was stalemate again.