Section 323 Nanjing Peace Conference (2)
As in business, the role of small capital first withdrew, Spain has made huge concessions to withdraw, and its brother Portugal finally no longer insisted, in the arena of the great power game, there is no place for Portugal, they gave up the increasingly hot West African competition, reached a settlement with Britain, and accepted Britain's settlement fee of 5 million pounds, which is equivalent to selling those colonies to Britain.
Among the major powers, France was the first to withdraw, and there were not many interests they asked to recognize, almost all of them were other countries that needed France to confirm their interests, so France also withdrew from the dispute.
The Ottomans accepted the humiliating consequences by reluctantly giving up half of the valley and ceding east of the Tigris to the Manchu Empire. Ceded Crete to the Chinese European Company and recognized Greece as an independent state. Cedion of Bosnia, Moldova and Wallachia to Austria. Agreed to maintain the status quo ante with Russia in the Black Sea region.
After making all the concessions it could, the Ottomans withdrew.
The problems that are still entangled arise in two places, one is Poland's entanglement with Russia, Prussia and Austria, and the Poles seem to be trying to regain lost ground from the three great powers through an international conference. It is clear, however, that the three evils did not want the Poles to gain even the slightest benefit. Russia went particularly far, tearing up the conditions they had promised to no longer recognize Livonia as part of Poland. Austria could not give Galicia to Poland, and Prussia was unwilling to cede any land inhabited by the Poles, especially Warsaw, which was adamantly unwilling to return to Poland.
The other issue is between China and the UK.
The British began to make major concessions, first deciding to abandon their insistence on the Cape colony, where the strategic position was important, but only because of India's strategic value, naturally not as important as India itself; Then they gave up their insistence on Sindh, and they paid the price of Australia in order to get it, but now they have to lose it in the war. In the end, Britain was also willing to cede eastern Bengal to Burma.
However, at this time, a new change occurred, and the British wanted the nations to recognize their undisputed rights over Canada, and to determine that the United States was the aggressor, to cut off trade with the United States, and to impose economic sanctions on the United States.
It turned out that during the conference, there was a problem in the Americas, the United States invaded British Canadian territory, and declared war on Great Britain.
The trigger for the United States to declare war on Britain was Napoleon, whose fleet broke through the blockade and quietly landed on the shores of Canada after a legendary voyage for more than half a year. When Napoleon appeared in Quebec, the local French immigrants were excited, they lived in the shadow of British immigrants for a long time, and lived an extremely tense life, the appearance of their country's heroes made them ecstatic, and many immigrants were forced to make a living in Quebec after the Napoleonic Wars, these people lived in the glorious Napoleonic Empire, and had a strong sense of identity with the empire.
Napoleon was supported by the local elite, who declared the independence of Quebec and formed the New French Empire. Napoleon brought with him an army of 3,000 men, and the locals of Quebec joined the army, which soon brought his strength to 10,000, and then began to attack the surrounding British colonies. Napoleon's name could have been won, and many evenly matched battles were abandoned because the defenders lacked the will to fight.
The news of Napoleon's landing in Canada quickly spread throughout the United States, the Americans were very pro-French at this time, and the French also had a good impression of the United States, believing that the United States was a free country established in accordance with the principle of separation of powers in France, and the reason why the United States became independent was on the basis of the war against Britain by other European countries dominated by France, and France was burdened with a huge foreign debt for the American Revolutionary War, and because of this debt, the French king wanted to raise taxes, convened the Estates-General, and finally triggered the French Revolution. Lafayette was a national hero in France and equally a hero in the United States.
At the same time, French immigrants in the United States are second only to British immigrants, and among these immigrants there are many supporters of Napoleon, after all, the elite who hate Napoleon do not need to emigrate to a strange land to earn a living; Among those who did not enter the country, there were also a large number of immigrants who were hostile to the British, such as the Irish immigrants, who were second only to the British and French, and they were very dissatisfied with the British oppression of their homeland, and even more so than the French.
The result was an influx of Americans into Quebec to join Napoleon, which made the U.S. government passive and panicked. Canada was in the hands of the British, which made France very uneasy, trying to squeeze British power out of North America, followed by annexing Canada. Now where has an emperor appeared, and his power is growing rapidly, and a large number of Americans support this emperor, so that American politicians feel threatened.
If it is the former that unites Britain to expel Napoleon or unites Napoleon against Britain, it will be the safest for the United States, but it will make the United States lose all morality, and it may cause the confrontation between the French and Irish ethnic groups and the British ethnic group at home, and dismember the whole country. If there is a situation in which a large number of royalists leave the United States for Canada after the independence of the United States, and a large number of French and Irish immigrants leave the United States, it will be a human loss that the United States cannot afford. If you unite with Napoleon, you will have to face the full force of the British, and the United States, which has just been burned down by the British in the war of 1812-1815, really does not want to be occupied by the British again, and Napoleon's identity has also made American politicians who are getting closer and closer to British thinking feel uneasy.
So they first sent people to Napoleon and Britain to dissolve, the United States hopes to be able to buy Louisiana from Britain for a sum of money according to the example of buying Louisiana, but Canada can now be said to be the closest to Britain, the most potential for development, Britain, which has lost Australia, does not want to lose this future living space. And the fact that Napoleon sneaked into Canada made the British angry, and they did not dare to give up Canada even more. Because selling this place to the United States, who knows whether the Americans can hold it, or whether they don't want to hold it at all, just like handing it over to Napoleon, the pro-French plot of the Americans makes Britain very uneasy.
If Napoleon had been allowed to control such a vast area of Canada, with his prestige, the French would have rushed to him, and in time, Napoleon could establish a new Napoleonic empire overseas. So in any case, Britain could not allow Napoleon to gain a foothold so close to Britain, and since it was going to war with Napoleon, there was no need to sell Canada to the United States.
Therefore, Britain rejected the American demand, which left the United States with no choice. Britain did not sell, and the United States was worried that Napoleon would occupy this place, so that the United States would have an extremely aggressive neighbor, but the emperor of this neighboring country would be very attractive to the American people, which would embarrass the American government.
The United States was in relatively good contact with Napoleon, who did not show hostility to the United States, saying that he was only interested in the French immigration area, not the British immigration area, and Napoleon said that his goal was only to re-establish a free France in the province of Lower Canada, east of the Ottawa River. and hoped to form an alliance with the United States to expel British power from North America.
The United States had no choice but to choose to cooperate with Napoleon, because Napoleon was already planning an attack on Ottawa, because of the defection of a large number of American immigrants, Napoleon had built an army of 80,000 people, which was more than the American active army.
If the United States does not act, more and more Americans will join Napoleon's ranks, and when Napoleon occupies all of Canada and British colonies such as Braunschweig, I am afraid that it will not be so easy to speak.
Therefore, the United States hurriedly announced an alliance with Napoleon and declared war on Britain. On the one hand, it was to achieve the long-standing goal of annexing Canada and expelling Britain, and on the other hand, it was also competing with Napoleon for the support of the British territories and the French and Irish in his own country.
Sure enough, after the alliance between the United States and Napoleon, fewer people abandoned their families and careers to join Napoleon, and more people responded to the call of the country and joined the US military.
Napoleon through the alliance with the United States, quickly improved the equipment and financial problems, his army combat effectiveness increased rapidly, in just a few months, captured Ottawa, Halifax and other cities, control of Upper Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and other eastern Canadian colonies, according to the agreement with the United States, Nova Scotia and Upper Canada to the United States, New Brunswick merged into the New French Empire.
U.S. forces moved north from the Central Plains in an attempt to annex the Great Plains of Canada, where there were few immigrants and cities, except for a few hunting party strongholds established by the Hudson's Bay Company.
In short, in a few months, British North America, which had little defense, was divided between the United States and Napoleon, and Britain lost a vast colony with great potential but no economic value at present, but two more threatening enemies, the United States and Napoleon.
Especially Napoleon, the enemy of the entire European state. In order to prevent Napoleon's comeback, Britain preferred to give up some of the rich Indian territories to restore peace with China, and then go all out against the alliance between the United States and Napoleon. Because Napoleon was a public enemy of Europe, and even his native France, now the ruling Bourbons, hated Napoleon, so Britain took advantage of this peace conference to unite everyone against Napoleon and the United States.
If it was something else, the British thing, others might not be so concerned, but in the matter of Napoleon, the European countries felt that no one could stay out of it, and they quickly agreed to the British demand, recognized the British power over the North American colonies, and decided to form an alliance against Napoleon and the United States.
But what the British did not expect was that even China agreed to join them in the fight against Napoleon, which had attracted a large number of French elites because of its support for Napoleon.
Now it seems that they have used up those French elites, and immediately stand against Napoleon and want to crusade against him!