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As the saying goes, strike while the iron is hot, and steelmaking is even more hot to become iron, especially when it is still molten iron. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

Which steelmaking process should I choose? Feng Yunshan couldn't help but fall into difficulties. The process principle of steelmaking is really not a problem for Feng Yunshan. But the point is that in this era when there is no industrial base, no matter how good the craftsmanship is, there is no place for it.

For example, the oxygen converter steelmaking process is the most advanced steelmaking process that Feng Yunshan knows more than 100 years later. However, Feng Yunshan couldn't help but smile bitterly. It's useless to know, because where does the current large amount of industrial oxygen come from? Compressed air separation technology, which separates nitrogen and oxygen, is simply not possible under current conditions. Therefore, without oxygen, no matter how good this steelmaking process is, it is useless.

Again, a little electric furnace steelmaking, still can't be used, there is no electricity.

There are only two things left, the air converter steelmaking method and the open-hearth steelmaking method. The converter is relatively more convenient, you can blow air directly into the molten iron in the furnace, and then turn the furnace to pour out the slag above and the molten steel below. But the key is that such a large furnace should be turned around, Feng Yunshan asked himself if he couldn't do it yet, or wait for the day when he could process large rollers and manufacture rolling bearings and shafts that could withstand tens of thousands of pounds, and then talk about the converter. In the end, Feng Yunshan chose the plan of building an open-hearth furnace with alkaline refractory bricks, whether it could be successful, to be honest, he didn't know the bottom in his heart. However, this open-hearth steelmaking process is still the most advanced steelmaking process of this era, if Feng Yunshan is not mistaken, it will take another twenty years for Europe to find this method. The method is right, it depends on whether it can achieve the function of oxygen blowing and carbon removal, and try how the effect is.

Feng Yunshan immediately asked the middle-aged man of the Song Mine ---- the famous Song Tiesheng ----to lead the craftsmen and pai tails of the engineer battalion to build a small two-story furnace in the Zhenghe Ironmaking Factory, close to the molten iron outlet of the ironmaking blast furnace. This is the so-called open-hearth.

This furnace is the size of a small room, the upper layer is the reactor for molten iron, including the melting chamber, furnace head and passage, and the lower layer is the heating furnace, which is used to heat the upper reactor to raise the temperature.

The open-hearth furnace used by Feng Yunshan is an alkaline open-hearth furnace that is directly in place at one time. The bottom and wall of the most critical smelting chamber are all paved with alkaline dolomite and clay mixed with lime, and then laid with refractory bricks.

The outside of the bottom of the furnace is the furnace wall, the front wall is equipped with the furnace door, and the back wall is equipped with the iron water nozzle, the slag outlet and the tap steel water outlet.

Because the molten iron in the blast furnace is only 1,200 degrees, it will be cooled to about 1,100 degrees after passing through the passage and then entering the smelting chamber. However, the molten steel of steelmaking needs to heat the molten iron to about 1,500 degrees, so the most important thing is whether the heating furnace can heat the smelting chamber in the reactor to more than 1,500 degrees.

A few days later, the open-hearth was built.

Over there, Feng Yunshan opened the blast furnace ironmaking, and at the same time, the heating furnace of the open-hearth steelmaking unit was also heated with coke blast. After the blast furnace produces molten iron, it is directly transferred to the smelting chamber of the open-hearth, and the blower blows air into the ceramic official channel, and extends into the molten iron in the smelting chamber. Finally, some ferric silicate salts are added as desalters.

After a day of busy work, Feng Yunshan had fallen asleep, Zhengxiang, Song Tiesheng hurriedly ran over, and the guards woke Feng Yunshan up.

"Holy King, the molten steel is refined. Sure enough, it is much stronger than pig iron, strong and tough. Still, it seems to be almost hot. ”

Feng Yunshan got up and hurriedly came to the open-hearth steelmaking site with Song Tiesheng, and saw that there were already a few steel ingots that had not yet cooled. Song Tiesheng picked a small steel rod and asked several craftsmen to smash it with a sledgehammer. At first, the steel rod just became bent, and when I used more force, suddenly the steel rod broke directly.

Feng Yunshan touched the broken steel rod, and its fracture was black, obviously because the steel contained too much graphite, and the carbon content exceeded the standard, resulting in black brittleness. If the carbon content is too high, isn't that still pig iron? After a few days of busy work, the carbon content in the pig iron still did not drop, and it seems that the oxygen is not enough, and the carbon is not removed.

According to Feng Yunshan's analysis, the reason for this is either that there is not enough oxygen, that is, not enough wind blowing in, or that the temperature is not enough, and the reaction of molten iron does not reach the temperature of 14500 degrees of molten steel. However, if the wind is not enough, it can increase the manpower blast, and if the temperature is not enough, it will be difficult to do, and the temperature at the bottom of the furnace cannot be transmitted to the reactor. Feng Yunshan knew that the open-hearth steelmaking used in later generations was to directly ignite the temperature in the heating furnace with gas or heavy oil, and send the flame into the reactor to increase the furnace temperature, but now he has no gas and heavy oil.

Feng Yunshan was distressed.

Yes, wasn't there a local coking workshop next to the previous coal mine? Feng Yunshan remembered that coal coking would produce gas, and using this gas to heat the reactor would soon increase the temperature to more than 1,500 degrees.

Feng Yunshan jumped up excitedly, and just ran out of the house, but was stopped by Liu Youqing who came in a hurry. Liu Youqing is here to report on major military information.

"Holy King, great joy! The front line reported that Lianzhou and Yangshan on the central front had been captured by our holy army, and Lechang on the eastern front was also occupied by our holy army yesterday. Liu Youqing's face was flushed, as if he had forgotten his reluctance when he first joined the Holy Army, and began to rejoice in the strength of the Holy Army.

"Really? That's great! The king wants to celebrate and reward the front-line soldiers. Again, you should quickly inform all localities of this happy event and boost the morale of the Holy Army. Feng Shaoguang was overjoyed and hurriedly ordered Liu Youqing.

The strategy has already begun, and strategic materials must be prepared as early as possible. Feng Yunshan knew that the Holy Army still relied on the advantage of a large number of people and an assault, and the place it captured was a remote town, so it would be so smooth. If the holy army had waited for the holy army to attack Guangzhou and other provincial capitals, the Manchu court would react and concentrate its forces, and then it would not have been so smooth. The demand for strategic weapons is even more intense, and preparations must be accelerated.

Now that pig iron can be mass-produced, steelmaking must keep up. I had to get the gas stove out of it quickly and supply the heat to the reactor.

Feng Yunshan immediately organized manpower and built another coke oven next to the open hearth, separated by a thick wall. A flue gas pipe is built on the top of the coke oven with brick walls and cement to direct the gas produced by coking to the heating furnace of the open-hearth steelmaking unit.

On the other hand, Feng Yunshan knew that coal would be consumed a lot, so he asked Huang Yiyun to organize people to be responsible for transporting coal from the coal mine to the Zhenghe Iron and Steel Plant. At this time, Feng Yunshan really felt that his men were not enough, most of them were illiterate holy soldiers, and if you explained for a long time, he didn't know what to do. Feng Yunshan saw that those holy soldiers were being tortured, it was better to let him go to the battlefield to kill the enemy.

Then transferred from Huang Yukun, the commander of the Daozhou General Palace, and Zeng Yuheng, the mechanic of the Holy Army, they are both scholars, and they can help themselves in many things. It seems that it is urgent to speed up the basic education of the holy country and let more holy soldiers become literate. In the past, it was because there was no territory, but now, as the Holy Army continues to advance to Liangguang, there will be more and more territory, and there are already conditions to establish schools and develop education.

Feng Yunshan thought in his mind, but his feet did not stop, and he followed Song Tiesheng to the steelmaking open hearth again.

After the gas furnace was built, Song Tiesheng sent the gas produced by coal coking into the reactor for heating, but he did not expect to increase the temperature of the molten iron, although he did not know how many degrees, but according to Song Tiesheng's experience, the molten iron changed from dark red to red, and later became a little whitish, which is a characteristic of a lot of temperature increase.

"Holy King, this is a steel rod made by heating it with gas. I'll have people test it again. Song Tiesheng's face was happy and confident, and it seemed that he must have tested it before.

The steel rod was slowly bent and deformed, but it never broke. Song Tiesheng tried another very slender rigid stick, bent it many times, but it didn't break.

Steel! It's done! This is definitely the best steel, and the toughness can be seen.

This is the world's first steel produced using the open-hearth steelmaking process! It can also be mass-produced, although now because of the small amount of coking gas, the output of open-hearth steelmaking is not high, but it is not known how many times stronger than the kind of steelmaking made by the soil method, and the quality is much better!

Feng Yunshan was in ecstasy, patted Song Tiesheng on the shoulder and said, "Brother Song, this king wants to reward you heavily!" ”

With good steel, it is possible to make high-quality steel pipes, whether they are coiled or cast, which are much stronger than the original iron pipes. With high-quality steel pipes, both the barrel and the barrel of the gun can be raised by more than one grade. Find some weapon technicians by yourself, try your best to develop the Xia Sibo rifle, Mauser gun or something, and eliminate the most primitive arquebus gun now, the weapons and equipment of the holy army will be greatly improved, thinking of this, Feng Yunshan couldn't help but get excited, he was looking forward to it!