It is written in the "Book of Han and Food and Goods" that when the Han Dynasty was first established, the people's livelihood withered, and the common people's families were poor.

Liu Bang grew up at the bottom of the society, and had a deep understanding of the cruelty of the tyrannical Qin and harsh government, and the prime minister Xiao and others had personally experienced the great changes of the Qin and Han dynasties, so the monarch and the ministers were single-minded, advocating the doctrine of Huang Lao, who was quiet and inactive, and recuperated with the people, appeased the exiles, developed agriculture, and gradually recovered the social economy.

As the situation changed, the "three chapters of the covenant" set at the beginning of the customs were obviously insufficient. Xiao He was ordered to reform the Qin law and formulate the Han law. Xiao He took the six laws of the Qin law, based on the principle of provincial prohibition and reduction of burdensome and harsh laws, deleted some outdated provisions in the Qin law, slowed down some convictions and punishments, and added household law (household registration management, marriage system and tax collection), Xinglu (levy and issue of forced labor, city defense) and stable law (cattle, horses, animal husbandry and post transmission), combined into nine articles, compiled into "Nine Chapters of Law", also known as "Nine Chapters of Han Law".

The "Nine Chapters of Law" has an important position in the history of China's legal system, and is known as the sect of laws and orders, and the way of a hundred generations, and most of the laws of every dynasty after the Han Dynasty are based on it.

Xiao He attaches great importance to the book business. In Weiyang Palace, he presided over the construction of Shiqu Pavilion, Qilin Pavilion, and Tianlu Pavilion. Shiqu Pavilion stores the books of the Qin Dynasty obtained from entering the customs and the books and archives obtained after entering Xianyang; The Qilin Pavilion stores classics such as portraits of virtuous ministers; Tianlu Pavilion has a special collection of rare books dedicated from all over the world. These three pavilions were the main official library buildings of the Han Dynasty and laid the foundation for the national collection of books in the Han Dynasty.

Most of the founding fathers were coarse and coarse, with little culture, and every time there was a banquet, the ministers drank and made noise, and they were untidy in the palace, shouting, and Liu Bang hated it very much.

Liu Bang abolished the cumbersome rituals of the Qin Dynasty and ordered his uncle and grandson to formulate a set of corresponding rituals, which should be simple, easy to learn, and easy to implement.

Uncle Sun Tong served as a doctor in the Qin Dynasty, and was respected by Sima Qian as a Confucian sect of the Han family. He took more than 100 Confucian students to rehearse for more than a month, and finally rehearsed in front of Liu Bang, Liu Bang was very satisfied, and ordered the ministers to learn and officially use it at the October court meeting after the completion of Changle Palace.

Throughout the entire court meeting, no one was noisy and rude. Shusun Tong formulated the ritual system, which conformed to the needs of restoring the ruling order in the early Han Dynasty. The prestige of Han monarchs and officials has become one of the symbols of ancient Chinese civilization.

Liu Bang looked down on Confucianism at first. The great Confucian Lu Jia was talking about poetry and books in front of him, and he opened his mouth and scolded: "You Lao Tzu won the world on the horse, what kind of poetry and books do you learn!" ”

A disagreement exposes the characteristics of a gangster. Lu Jia did not show weakness, and sneered at each other: "Win the world immediately, can you rule the world right away!" ”

Liu Bang seemed to have some understanding, and his face was ashamed. Lu Jia took the rise and fall of the Shang and Zhou dynasties and the Qin Dynasty as examples, and told Liu Bang about the difference between fighting the world and ruling the world, and the importance of practicing benevolence and righteousness. Liu Bang was very inspired and asked Lu Jia to write down the truth of gains and losses in the rise and fall.

Lu Jia wrote twelve essays and compiled them into a book, which Liu Bangci titled "New Language". In 195 B.C., Liu Bang went to Qufu through Ludi to worship Confucius with a grand ceremony of Taijiao, which was the first time for the emperor to sacrifice Confucius.

Although he respected Confucian scholars, Liu Bang knew very well that he could not govern a huge country by relying only on the benevolence and etiquette advocated by Confucianism. The basic policy of governing the country in the early Han Dynasty was the technique of Huang Lao, and the handling of specific affairs often followed the strict spells of the Qin Dynasty.

Huangfu Mi, a scholar of the Western Jin Dynasty, believes that Liu Bang has used both the way of tyrant and king since he conquered the world. The so-called hegemony and royal road, the outside is old and the inside is law.

Later, Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty taught the prince that "the Han family has its own system, and it is a hegemon and a king." ”

Successive rulers have borrowed the "Han system" to varying degrees. Mao Zedong once said: We communists should also stress hegemony and the royal road, the line is the royal road, and discipline is the hegemony, both of which are indispensable.