Chapter 1012: The Five Great Fleets of the Imperial Navy
"Your Majesty, the five cavalry divisions, mainly in combination with the climatic conditions of the jurisdiction, have collected excellent war horses, including tall Arab war horses and strong Sikh war horses, as well as Mongolian horses adapted to the cold. Each cavalry division has an establishment of 8,000 people, and has two cavalry brigades under its jurisdiction, with a total of 3 infantry cavalry regiments, 2 light cavalry regiments and 2 heavy cavalry regiments, as well as 1 reconnaissance cavalry battalion, 1 cavalry artillery battalion, 1 cavalry engineer battalion, and 1 baggage battalion directly under the division headquarters, as well as 1 medical company and communication company. The cavalry regiment of the main battle, the infantry cavalry regiment was 1000 people, while the light cavalry regiment and the heavy cavalry regiment were both 800 cavalry. The infantry cavalry was driven by war horses, and the soldiers selected from the infantry divisions were equipped with Krupp breech-loading rifles, and only the speed of musket fire.
The light cavalry regiment is equipped with a Krupp P1858 cavalry carbine and a new horse combat knife, the heavy cavalry regiment officers and soldiers are selected tall people, the key parts of the body are protected by iron armor, and the weapons are Colt revolver fire pistols, grenades and new horse combat knives for charging. ”
Listening to the cavalry division introduced by Moltke, Feng Yunshan has a good understanding of infantry cavalry and light cavalry, and is especially interested in heavy cavalry regiments, especially carrying 3 kinds of weapons and having iron armor all over his body, can he still fight?
"Aiqing told me in detail about this heavy cavalry, why is it equipped with 3 weapons?" Feng Yunshan asked.
"Your Majesty, the heavy cavalry is in fact a cuirassier modeled after the French. At the beginning, in order to resist the musket, the heavy cavalry in Europe protected three-quarters of the entire body with heavy iron armor, and the weight of the armor reached the highest peak of the cavalry in history, but with the increasing power of the musket, no matter how thick the armor could not prevent bullets, but the cavalry's charging ability was greatly reduced. Therefore, the heavy cavalry regiment we formed imitated the French cuirassiers, but equipped with the cuirass and helmets of the most critical parts, and gave full play to the characteristics of the heavy cavalry attack! Moltke began to talk about heavy cavalry, and it is true that there are not many people other than him who really understand the European cavalry of the firearms age.
It was precisely because Feng Yunshan knew the power of the Soviet cavalry and the German cavalry in later generations that he considered imitating the European style of the cavalry division. Of course, he added some weapons and equipment of the American cavalry during the First World War, which was a pistol. Moltke, on the other hand, directly paraphrased the essence of European heavy cavalry: armed explosive shells.
"And the most lethal of the heavy cavalry is actually the hand-held explosive bomb, well, we call it a grenade." Moltke said excitedly: "Your Majesty, think about it, if the cavalry division encounters the enemy, if there is an artillery division pressing the formation, it will first cover it with artillery, if not, then send light cavalry to protect the infantry cavalry, and use the range of the rifle to shoot the enemy with firearms to make a gap." Then the heavy cavalry regiment launched a charge. A heavy cavalry regiment of 800 soldiers formed a formation of 4 formations to charge, which was a battle line half a kilometer wide spread out by 200 cavalry, at this time, these three types of equipment weapons were used in turn: Colt revolver firing pistols, grenades and new horse combat knives. When charging, he held the reins of the horse in one hand, pulled the trigger with the pistol in the other hand and fired, after shooting, he inserted the pistol into his belt, and then felt the grenade hanging next to him, and with the speed of the horse, he half stood up and threw himself at the enemy in the distance, and finally pulled out his saber and bravely rushed to the enemy to fight. ”
Feng Yunshan was deeply attracted by the battlefield scene described by Moltke, he seemed to see a team of heavy cavalry raging on the battlefield, pistols, grenades, sabers, these three sets down, the battle line was immediately torn open a huge opening, the battlefield has been completely controlled by the heavy cavalry, the enemy is groaning under the iron hooves of the heavy cavalry regiment.
The special forces division was purely thought up by Feng Yunshan himself, and was formed in combination with the pilot situation of the special forces battalion and special forces regiment in the original mountain infantry division. It is mainly a special arms unit that has been imitated according to various types of special forces in later generations, and the establishment of the entire division is not much, only 3,000 people. But once it enters special terrain, such as swamps, tropical rainforests, deserts, urban streets and alleys, etc., this special forces division with only 3,000 people can exert the combat power of an ordinary infantry division with more than 10,000 people.
And, most crucially, these special forces divisions are used as surprise attacks, especially long-distance runs and night raids. In fact, most of these special forces are still mainly people with high martial arts, and during night attacks, they can kill the enemy without knowing it, touch into the enemy's camp and set fire, spy on intelligence, and kidnap the leader. In addition, Feng Yunshan specially asked the special forces to form a sniper battalion. There are hundreds of pairs of snipers in the battalion, specializing in sniping enemy officers who are far away on the battlefield.
It's just that the role of these special forces has not been effectively verified. After all, the Chinese Empire has now swept across the entire Eastern world, and even the powerful Tsarist Cossack soldiers have been defeated in the northwest and fled back to Orenburg and Transcaucasia and other places, other countries, who else wants to be enemies of the empire, besides, except for the desolate Siberia and Kazakh Khanate, which border with Tsarist Russia, other places, such as Burma and Nepal, have long wanted to become vassals of the empire and become vassal states, how can they come back and provoke?
There were only Tsarist Russia and Great Britain left.
After learning about the field corps, Feng Yunshan felt a feeling of raising his eyebrows in his heart.
"Wechen will report the situation of the local garrison again!" Zuo Zongtang took Moltke's report and continued to talk about the distribution of imperial military strength.
Because the overall strength of the empire is growing all the time, especially in terms of the militia, even if Feng Yunshan is the emperor of the Chinese Empire, he has to re-understand the situation of his army every few months.
"On the part of the Imperial Army, except for the field arms such as the Capture Army, the rest are local garrisons. As of the statistics of the General Staff three months ago, there were 240,000 local national defense standing forces and 330,000 local reserves, totaling 570,000 troops. The number of local militias exceeds 900,000 and is increasing at a rate of nearly 200,000 every year. Zuo Zongtang continued: "In terms of weapons, the local standing army is all equipped with Dresser M1841 needle-fired muskets and Charver shotguns that have been re-equipped by the field army. Only one-half of the soldiers in the local reservists are equipped with Charville muskets, and the main focus is on military training and the construction of local facilities. As for the militia, only 30,000 muskets were distributed in a ratio of 30 to 1, all of which were old-fashioned firing muskets and flintlock muskets, plus some cold weapons such as knives, spears, bows and arrows. ”
Feng Yunshan nodded, satisfied with the number of military forces and the hierarchical arrangement of the empire. As for the militia, there are too many of them to have all of them. In addition, if all of them are equipped with guns, they are prone to violent bloodshed in civil fights. As a militia, it mainly provides a source of troops for the reserve and standing army, secondly assists the local garrison and the local police bureau to maintain local stability, and finally and most importantly, it plays a role in preparing the third echelon of troops.
It seems that the United States today does not have many regular active troops, but a lot of militia, and together with the war, enough troops can be called up in a short period of time. By the way, I don't know what happened to the civil war between the North and the South, and I don't know if my arrangement will succeed.
Feng Yunshan was a little worried about the war on the other side of the ocean.
There is a bad thing about this era, the message is too slow. Feng Yunshan heard that Europe had laid a transatlantic cable from Britain a while ago in North America, and it was successful, but unfortunately it was soon broken. Otherwise, the news would have reached Europe very quickly, but it would have been a long time since it reached Seongjing. When, when the domestic telegraph cables are almost laid, they will have to spend some effort to lay the communication cables across the Pacific Ocean in advance. In this way, the province of New Mexico would be able to secure permanent territory belonging to the Chinese Empire, and the Pacific Ocean would truly become the Empire's inland sea. However, there must be a premise for all this, that is, the empire must have a strong navy that can protect the inland sea of the Pacific Ocean! Otherwise, everything is empty.
Thinking of this, Feng Yunshan looked at Luo Xuan, the Minister of the Admiralty, who had been named King Xinzhong, and asked, "King Xinzhong, I heard that your Admiralty is preparing to set up another fleet?" ”
After two years of pampering, Luo Xuan has obviously gained some fortune, and his original bronze complexion is now slowly turning white. He arched his hand and said, "Yes, Your Majesty!" Some time ago, the Admiralty received a total of 14 naval warships from the Brest Naval Shipyard in France, the Cantierre Shipyard in the Kingdom of Sardinia, and the Venice Naval Shipyard and the Trieste Shipyard in Austria. Among them, the largest number of warships were purchased from France, a total of 10, 2 armored battleships of the same specifications and models as the ironclad battleship "Glorious", 2 wooden-hulled steam battleships, and 6 cruisers. 3 warships were purchased from Austria, including 1 battleship, 2 cruisers. 1 wooden-hulled steam battleship was purchased from the Kingdom of Sardinia. Because small warships such as gunboats and frigates can be manufactured by the four major shipping bureaus of the Chinese Empire, as well as several large shipyards in the shipbuilding business area of the Pudong Special Economic Zone in Shanghai, they have not been purchased from abroad. During this period, 24 warships were launched by the four major shipping bureaus, including 5 battleships, 9 medium and large cruisers, 10 small and medium-sized frigates and gunboats, and 13 warships ordered from private shipyards in the Pudong Special Economic Zone of Shanghai. ”
Feng Yunshan looked shocked: "Oh? So many new warships have been added! It's more than just a naval fleet. ”
Luo Xuan said: "Your Majesty, the original four fleets are not enough warships, and their strength is somewhat weak, plus the South Seas Fleet lost several warships in the battle with the British Expeditionary Fleet the year before last, and it needs to be replenished." Many of the old wooden sailing warships of the Beiyang Fleet could not fight in the open ocean, and perhaps they were eliminated and renewed. Therefore, this time, the Admiralty allocated according to the territory that the Imperial Navy needed to protect and the estimate of the number of warships, and it was most appropriate to redivide it into five fleets. ”
Next, Minister of the Navy Luo Outline and Vice Minister Liang Peiyou reported in detail on the Admiralty's idea of establishing a new fleet, Luo Outline excused the detailed data or Liang Peiyou and the Admiralty's staff officers knew it clearly, so let Liang Peiyou report, of course, Feng Yunshan understood that this was Luo Outline who took the initiative to give Liang Peiyou a chance, maybe he had recently shown great appreciation for the extremely expansive Liang Peiyou, of course, Feng Yunshan did not break it.
Liang Peiyou said: "Your Majesty, my lords, in terms of our imperial navy, there are four major fleets: the Beiyang Fleet, the Oriental Fleet, the Nanyang Fleet and the Pacific Fleet. There are also a number of inland water divisions. On the side of the inland water division, it is mainly to maintain the security of the large rivers within the borders of the empire, and serve as a deterrent for war preparedness and disaster relief. Now the country in our empire is strong and the people are rich, the people are happier than the previous dynasty, and there are no major rebellions, plus the empire's army is strong enough, and the inland river division is not war-free, so let's not mention it for the time being. ”
"Because of the strength of the empire, there are no enemy countries in the whole of the East today, except for the eastern part of Japan's main island of Honshu, which is still under the rule of the Japanese shogunate, the rest are already the territory of the Chinese Empire. And this Japanese shogunate has been completely controlled by our Chinese Empire, not only bowing down to the vassals and becoming vassals of the empire, but there are still many people in Japan who have always wanted to join the empire like Kansai and Kyushu Island and become official subjects of the Chinese Empire, but the shogunate suppressed it. If His Majesty wishes, I believe that the whole of Japan can be easily annexed. Therefore, it is not necessary for the Eastern Fleet and the Beiyang Fleet to be equipped with too many warships, and they can be appropriately weakened, and the main combat warships will be strengthened to the South Ocean Fleet and the Pacific Fleet, which mainly face foreign enemies, in addition, considering that the Malay Peninsula and Java Island are now the territories of our Chinese Empire, and the Kingdom of Burma, the Sikh Kingdom and other vassal states of our Chinese Empire are also in the Indian Ocean, all of which need the protection of the suzerain, that is, our Chinese Empire, therefore, the Admiralty is ready to establish a new fleet: the Indian Ocean Fleet, The base of the fleet was prepared to be located in Yangon, the Kingdom of Burma. ”
Feng Yunshan nodded in agreement. Since the Chinese Empire occupied the Malay Peninsula and the island of Java, the formation of the Indian Ocean Fleet has become a natural move. Moreover, the Chinese Empire's navy has now begun to become stronger, although it cannot be compared with naval powers such as Britain and France, but after several years of purchasing warships and training naval soldiers at any cost, now the imperial navy has surpassed second-rate Western powers such as Spain and the United States, Feng Yunshan even suspects that in addition to Britain, France, and Russia, his own naval strength even exceeds the quite powerful Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary.
Therefore, Feng Yunshan asked in detail about the specific number and tonnage of warships, and compared with the army, Feng Yunshan was more concerned about the navy.
Liang Peiyou explained: "Your Majesty, according to the reorganization arrangement of the new five fleets, the Pacific Fleet and the Nanyang Fleet will not reduce the warships on the original basis, but will enrich 6 warships and 4 respectively, that is, each containing 1 ordinary steam battleship, 1 cruiser and 2 frigates, and the Pacific Fleet will add 1 cruiser and 1 frigate. However, the warships in the Beiyang Fleet and the Oriental Fleet were appropriately reduced, and some of the old steam gunboats and gunboats were not suitable for ocean-going operations, and were classified into the Heilongjiang Inland River Naval Division and the Beihai (Baikal) Inner Lake Naval Division. All the remaining warships were assigned to the newly formed Indian Ocean Fleet. ”
"In this way, if rearranged, the Indian Ocean Fleet ranks first in terms of the number and size of warships, followed by the Pacific Fleet, the South Ocean Fleet ranks third, the North Ocean Fleet is fourth, and the Eastern Ocean Fleet is the weakest. The Admiralty has already transferred a large number of cadets from the Fuzhou Ship Master Academy and other naval academies in advance to enter the original four fleets for practical training, and the new Indian Ocean Fleet has been established, so that there are sufficient grass-roots naval officers, plus there are already a lot of British naval officers such as Ireland in the early stage. In terms of naval soldiers, 5,000 naval forces were transferred from the Beiyang Fleet and the Oriental Fleet, plus the soldiers sent from the army to the warships of the four fleets as early as two years ago, which is enough to make up a naval strength of nearly 12,000 people. This is just a regular army, in addition to this, the Indian Ocean Fleet is also preparing to recruit some sailors from some of the Hakka people who transport them all year round in the South Seas to act as logistics personnel on the fleet.
As a result, the Indian Ocean Fleet has a total of 45 warships, including 2 ironclad battleships, 4 ordinary wooden-hulled steam battleships, 18 large and medium-sized cruisers, 12 small and medium-sized frigates, 9 gunboats, and a number of ........troop carriers and the like."